HIH I JI I MIIH I 




St. Louis Public Schools 




MUSEUM 



CATALOGUE 

OP 

Collections for Circulation 



1911 




CATALOGUE 
EDUCATIONAL MUSEUM, 

St. Louis Public Schools. 

EDITION 1911. 



To Principals and Teachers: — 

This edition of the catalogue is to take the place of the edition 
of 1906, the supplements of 1907 and 1908, the lantern slide catalogue 
and its supplement of 1 908. 

To prevent confusion, all former editions of these catalogues 
should be returned to the Museum. 

The catalogue of the Teachers' Library and The School 
Messenger of Feb. 9, 1909, should be kept for future use. 

Respectfully, 

BEN BLEWETT, 

Superintendent of Instruction 



L 



EDUCATIONAL MUSEUM 

OF THE 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ST. LOUIS. 



THE SCOPE OP THE MUSEUM. 

The Board of Education maintains an Educational Museum in order to 
improve the instruction in geography and science by furnishing apparatus, and 
illustrations for the daily lessons. In serving this purpose the museum is of 
practical advantage ,to every child and to every teacher. 

It would not be feasible without excessive expense to supply every one of the 
hundred public schools of the city with a full -set of physical apparatus, with 
large numbers of scientific specimens or with full geographical collections to 
illustrate the life of peoples and the products of the distant lands. It has not 
been impossible however, to gather such collections and store them in a central 
museum from which selections are sent to all the schools. 
MATERIALS OP THE MUSEUM. 

The material in the museum is grouped and arranged in accordance with 
the course of study. The groups are the following: 

FOOD PRODUCTS: Comprising the cereals in the plant and grain and their 
products. Coffee, tea, sugar, cocao, the cocoanut, the various spices, etc. 

MATERIALS FOR CLOTHING: The various animal and vegetable fibers 
of the world and the fabrics made of them. 

OTHER NATURAL PRODUCTS: Foreign and domestic woods, rubber, 
gutta percha, camphor, cork, coal, etc., their various stages of development and 
their use; materials for dying and tanning; medicinal plants, etc. 

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS: Showing the various processes in the man- 
ufacture of industrial products, as paper, ink, pen and pencil, glass, leather, etc. 

ANIMALS: Mammals, birds, fishes, reptiles, insects, etc., mounted or in 
alcohol. 

PLANTS: Models and colored representations. 

MINERALS, ROCKS AND ORES. 

EXHIBITS: Illustrating Life and History of other Nations. 

APPARATUS FOR THE ILLUSTRATION OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

APPARATUS FOR THE ILLUSTRATION OF ELEMENTARY PHYSICS. 

CHARTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS FOR THE ILLUSTRATION OF HISTORY. 

CHARTS ILLUSTRATING ASTRONOMY. 

CHARTS ILLUSTRATING PHYSIOLOGY. 

CLASSIFIED COLLECTIONS OF STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS AND LANTERN 
SLIDES for the illustration of Geography, History, Science, and Reading. 

EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITS illustrating school work and school life in other 
countries. 

In connection with the Museum there is a PEDAGOGICAL REFERENCE 
LIBRARY containing, beside REFERENCE books on all material sent out by 
the Museum, the best works on Educational Psychology, Child Study, School 
Management, etc., and the leading current Educational Periodicals for the use 
of teachers. 

LOAN COLLECTIONS. 

The material to be used in illustrating the lessons in geography, history? 
nature study, reading and art, has been divided into typical collections which 
will be sent to the schools upon recpusition of the principal. A list of such 
•collections, accompanied by a brief description of each article and a list 
of reference books giving more detailed information, will be found below. 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 

There are enumerated below collections which consist of objects, and others 
consisting of the pictorial illustrations connected with such collections. The 
two kinds should be used together. The pictorial illustrations are colored charts, 
photographs, wood cuts, stereoscopic views with stereoscopes, and maps. 



Each teacher is invited to read this catalogue, and to determine which col- 
lections she wishes to use in her room. 

GEOGRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Geography is the study in which important facts of life are presented to the 
children. They learn how every human industry, and, in fact, the whole life 
of man is dependent on climate, soil, and location. Necessarily much of the in- 
formation presented must appear to the child as hearsay reports of things he 
has never seen. It must be the aim of instruction to make geography as much 
of a reality to the child, as much of a matter-of-fact study as may be done 
through pictures, and objects of illustration. The museum furnishes the means 
for effecting this purpose to every teacher. 

The museum is especially well supplied with illustrations of agricultural 
and commercial products of the various parts of our country and of the world. 
The study of geography will become more thorough when the pupils can actually 
see the things which are the subjects of their lesson. Thus, when they study 
about the Cotton States, the museum furnishes illustrations of the cotton plant in 
its various stages of growth, of the harvesting', and the manufacture of the cloth. 
Stereopticon views give a vivid idea of the cotton fields, the way in which they 
are cultivated by the laborers, and the preparation and shipping of the cotton 
bales. The museum furnishes to every * teacher who will avail herself of the 
opportunity, the moans of making the work in geography more interesting to the 
children, and of making it. the means of richer and more pi rmanent information. 

A large number of stereographs and photographs have been added to the 
material for the illustration of Geography. These illustrate life, industry, types 
of people, scenery, etc., in almost all countries of the world 

Another large group of stereographs illustrates Physical Geography. The 
collections have been arranged in accordance with the plan followed in our text- 

i k. Every subjeel in the part oi our 'Advanced Geography" which treats of 

Physiography, may be illustrated bj stereoscopic views. 

For the illustration of typical features of Physical and Industrial Geography, 
the museum furnishes sets of 15 stereographs each representing the same picture. 
This arrangement enables the teacher to give one picture to each 2 pupils and 
to discuss with the class intelligently what the picture represents. 

TELLURIANS. 

Jt is difficult to make young children understand the causes of the changes 

of the seasons and the succession of day and night, The museum has a num- 
ber of Tellurians, an apparatus by which these changes can be illustrated and 
made more intelligible to the children. Principals should send requisition-; for 
this apparatus when classes take up the study of this subject, 

PHYSICAL APPARATUS. 

The attention of principals and teachers is directed to the fact that appa- 
ratus for the instruction of classes in the elements of physics is obtainable 
from the museum. This will prove an aid to every teacher and will make the 
lessons in this important subject more instructive and profitable to the children. 

BIRDS. 

Collections of birds common in the United States are contained in the 
museum and will he sent to any school that applies for their loan. The children 
read about these birds in their reading lessons, and know their -names, but they 
should become able to recognize them when they see them in the parks and fields. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

in connection with each gro.up o1 the names of a number of Refer- 

ence books are given which are on the shelves of the Teachers" Library, and will 
be delivered to the scl luisition just as Museum collections are delivered. 

With seme of the collections a co] j of some number of the "Museum," a 
periodical devoted to nature study, will be sent. The copy contains suitable in- 
formation about the specimens sent. 



PROMPT SERVICE. 

The museum will soon have a sufficient number of duplicate collections of 
such material as is constantly in demand, to fill all orders sent by the schools 
promptly. 

MUSEUM MATERIAL WHICH CAN NOT BE SENT TO THE SCHOOLS. 

A large number of the objects in the museum are delicate and fragile and 
will not permit frequent transportation. Other articles are too heavy and bulky 
to he sent. Such material will remain on exhibit in the museum. Principals 
and teachers are invited to visit the museum often and to examine and study 
these exhibits. 

The present catalogue contains the collections ready for use in the schools. 
It is not a complete catalogue of all the objects in the museum. 

WEEKLY DELIVERIES. 

Museum material will be delivered to each school once a week when an 
order lias been sent to the custodian. The following table shows on what days 
schools will receive the material ordered: 



MONDAY 


TUESDAY 


\\ !• BNESDAY 


THURSDAY 


FRIDAY 


Central High 


McKinley High 


Adams 


Y.atman High 


Teachers' Colle 


Soldan High' 


I loard < ulice 


Canterbury 


Ames 


Alabama Ave. 


Arlington 


Carr 


Clifton 


Blair 


Blow 


Ashland 


Charless 


Devonshire 


Bryan Hill 


Carondelet 


1 iaden 


Chouteau 


Duncan 


Carr Lane 


Des Peres 


Rates 


Clinton . 


Fanning 


Clay 


Eads Ave. 


Benton 


Clinton Branch 


Gardenville 


Columbia 


Fremont 


Burd Avenue 


Douglas 


Gr itiot 


< !row 


Fro* bel 


Clark 


Franklin 


Longfellow 


Divoll 


Gallaudet 


Cote Brilliante 


Fatrick Henry 


Mann 


Eiiot 


Garfield 


Dozier 


1 lumlioldt 


Oak Hill 


l [oward 


Grant 


Emerson 


Jackson 


Rock Spring 


1 rving 


Gravois 


Farragut 


J eff erson 


Roe 


Lincoln 


Hodgen 


Field 


Laclede 


Shaw 


Lowell 


Industrial 


Harney Heights 


Lafayette 


Sherman 


Penrose 


Lyon 


1 iariison 


Madison 


Wheatley 


Pope 


Meramec 


Hempstead 


O'Fallon 




Special No. 3. 


Monroe 


Kings Highway 


Peabnii 




Special No. 6. 


Mt. Pleasant 


Kraft Street 


-Pestalozzi 




Stoddard 


Neosho Street 


Marquette 


Si gel 




Banneker 


Shepard 


Marshall 


Spei ial Xo. 1. 




Garnett 


Special No. 5. 


Riddick 


Special No. 4. 




L'Ouverture 


Special No. 7. 


Special No. 2. 


Webster 






Special No. 8. 


Walnut Park 


Dessalines 






Wyman 


Washington 


Dumas 






Delaney 


Sumner High 










Simmons 










DIRECTIONS AS TO ORDERING AND RETURNING MUSEUM MATERIA 



To facilitate the delivery of museum collections, principals and teachers 
are requested to observe the following suggestions: 

Please see that your Order reaches the Custodian 48 hours before time 
for delivery as much confusion is caused by orders coming in after the next 
day's deliveries have been packed and assigned a place on the wagons. 

Whenever possible order by mail rather than by telephone. The Supply 
Department furnish.es stamped envelopes for that purpose. 

Order blanks for museum collections may be had upon application to the 
museum. In ordering collections kindly insert in the blank the number with 
which the collection you desire i^ marked in the lists below. In sending orders 
to the museum, principals may use the stamped en\ elopes sent to the schools, 
addressing them "Custodian Educational Museum, Wyman School, Eads and 
Theresa Avenues." 



When ordering books from the library give Name of Author, Title of Book 
and Catalogue Class Number of book wanted. 

When renewing books state Date when book is due, and the Individual 
Number, (not the Class Number) of that book. 

PERIOD OP TIME DURING WHICH COLLECTIONS MAY BE KEPT. 

All material ordered from the museum will be sent by the museum wagons 
and may be kept in the schools one week. On the regular delivery day of each 
week the driver will take back articles used during the preceding week, if there 
be any. Principals should see that all the material to be returned is ready 
when the driver comes. 

Check up material, when received, as to number of boxes, packages, charts 
and books, O. K. these items on Driver's slip — Do not keep driver waiting 
while you check up the contents of each individual box, but notify Custodian 
by telephone on day material was delivered if contents of boxes are not com- 
plete. 

In repacking lantern slides, minerals, shells, butterflies, insects, grains, etc., 
please be especially careful to replace each article in the proper box, and 
replace lantern slides in order of Catalogue. 

The wagon will call for books on regular delivery days only — please see 
that books to be returned are tied together, and marked "For Museum Wagon" 
as driver can not be expected to pick up loose books lying somewhere near 
museum material. 

Experience has shown best results with the least loss of time in those 
schools where principals have placed some one of their assistants in complete 
charge of the museum material. 

CARE OF THE MATERIAL. 

All articles in the loan collections should be handled with the greatest care. 
This is absolutely necessary to keep the material in good condition and enable 
the teachers to use it for a long time. The museum possesses a number of dupli- 
cates but it would be difficult to replace some of the articles. 

TEACHERS' READING ROOM AND LIBRARY. 

In connection with the Museum, a Library and Reading room for the teachers 
of the St. Louis Public Schools has been opened in the Harris Teachers Col- 
lege Building. In this reading room will be found the best educational period- 
icals, and magazines. The Library contains: 

Reference books giving information on all material in the museum. 

Text-books and books on education, psychology, child study, school manage- 
ment, etc., published in the United States. 

Educational works from other countries. 

Reports published by the various governments on educational affairs in their 
countries. 

HOURS DURING WHICH MUSEUM WILL BE OPEN. 

The Museum and Library will be open from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. every day 
throughout the year, except Sundays ami Holidays. 

The Museum and Library offer the teachers of the public schools of our city 
most valuable opportunities for self-culture and professional study. 

The Board of Education has taken care to secure valuable material for 
the Museum and has incurred considerable expense in order to display it prop- 
erly and to make it accessible to the schools. It is hoped that the teachers will 
make good use of the excellent opportunities the Museum offers them and their 
pupils. Every teacher will realize that the thousands of objects illustrating 
every branch in our curriculum will, if properly and extensively used, afford 
valuable means of making the lessons in the school room more interesting, in- 
telligible and successful. 

Very respectfully, 

BEN BLEWETT, 

Superintendent of Instruction. 



5 



LOAN COLLECTIONS 



FOOD PRODUCTS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 
Beal — Foods and Beverages. 
Chamberlain — How We Are Fed. 
Chisholm — Commercial Geography. 
Lewis — Modern Industries. 
Toothaker — Commercial Raw Ma- 
terials. 

COLLECTION 1. 
Wheat. 
Cultivated in all countries having a 
temperate climate. One of the staple 
foods of the civilized world. 

1. Wheat in heads, United States. 

2. Wheat in heads, bearded, United 
States. 

3. Red winter wheat, United States. 

4. White spring wheat. 

5. Frances and Barletta wheat, Ar- 
gentine Republic. 

6. Indian wheat, Egypt. 

7. Pearl and Tuscan wheat, New Zea- 
land. 

8. Spelt, hard-grained variety of 
wheat. Western States. 

COLLECTION 2. 
Wheat Products. 

1. Wheat before hulling. 

2. Wheat after hulling. 

3. Wheat hulls. 

4. Wheat bran. Coarse outer coating 
of wheat which, after grinding, is sep- 
arated from the flour by sifting or 
bolting. 

5. Middlings. Coarser part of ground 
wheat. 

6. Cracked wheat. 

7. Flour. 

8. Various wheat foods. 

Illustrations of Wheat and "Wheat Cul- 
tivation. 

COLLECTIONS. 

3. Stereoscopic views. Various phases 
of wheat industry in different coun- 
tries. 

4. Colored chart. The wheat plant 
and its parts. 

COLLECTION 5. 
Rye. 
Cultivated in the north temperate 
zone. One of the staple bread-making 
cereals. 



1. Rye in heads, two stages of de- 
velopment. 

2. Spring rye, United States. 

3. Winter rye, United States. 

4. Rye, Portugal. 

Illustrations of Rye and Rye Industry. 
COLLECTIONS. 

6. Stereoscopic views. Rye and its 
cultivation. 

7. Colored chart. Rye plant and its 
parts. 

COLLECTION 8. 

Oats. 

Confined to the temperate zones. 
Chiefly, grown for food of horses and 
cattle. Important article of human food 
in the form of oatmeal. 

1. Oats in heads, United States. 

2. Big Four oats, Montana. 

3. Oats, Argentine Republic. 

4. Oats, Portugal. 

5. Black Tartar oats, New Zealand. 

6. White Tartar oats, New Zealand. 

7. Sparrowbill oats, New Zealand. 
S. Rolled oats. 

Illustrations of Oats and Oatfields. 

COLLECTIONS. 

9. Stereoscopic views. Cultivation of 
oats in various countries. 

10. Colored chart. The oat plant and 
its parts. 

COLLECTION 11. 

Indian Corn or Maize. 

Native of Mexico. Cultivated in 
nearly all parts of the world. Best 
development in North America. 

1. Corn on cob, Missouri. 

2. Flint corn, yellow, Nicaragua. 

3. Flint corn, white, Argentine Re- 
public. 

4. Flint corn, red, Mexico. 

COLLECTION 12. 

Corn Products. 

1. Pearl hominy. 

(Corn hulled and coarsely ground.) 

2. Granulated hominy. 

3. Cornmeal. 

4. Corn starch. 

5. Corn syrup, white. 

6. Corn syrup, dark. 



COLLECTION 13. 



COLLECTION 19. 



Corn Products. 

Complete collection of 19 bottles 
showing various products of one fac- 
tory from corn to vulcanized corn oil. 

1. Corn grains. 

2. Corn bran. 

3. Refined grits. 

4. Gloss starch. 

5. Laundry starch. 

6. Pearl starch. 

7. Powdered starch. 
S. Dextrin. 

9. Climax sugar. 

10. 70 per cent sugar. 

11. Anhydrous sugar. 

12. Corn syrup. 

13. Neutral glucose. 
1 4. Gluten feed. 

15. American gum. 

16. British gum. 

17. Corn oil. 

18. Corn oil cake. 

19. Vulcanized corn oil. 

COLLECTION 14. 

Illustrations of Corn and Cornfields. 
Stereoscopic views. Corn ami 

industry. 

COLLECTION 15. 

Rice. 

Cultivated in marshy lowlands 
throughout the torrid zone and in the 
temperate zones as far as the 36th de- 
gree of latitude. Staple food of 
greater number of people than any 
other grain. 

1. Rice plant, Texas. 

2. Rice plant. Nicaragua. 

3. Rice unhullcd, Madagascar. 

4. Rice hulled. South Carolina. 

5. Rice hulled and whitened. Mi 

6. Glutinous rice, Siam. 

COLLECTION 16. 
Rice Products. 

1. Rice flour. 

2. Rich starch. 

3. Wafers made from rice. 
Illustrations of Rice and Ricefields. 



COLLECTIONS. 



Various 



17. Stereoscopic views. 
phases of the rice industry. 

18. Colored chart. The rice plant 
and its parts. 



Millet. 

Native of the East Indies and North 
Australia. Cultivated in Southern Eu- 
rope, Northern Africa and the western 
part of the United States. Principally 
used for stock feed. From the variety 
d sorghum sugar and molasses 
obtained. 

1. Red millet, United States. 

2. Black millet, United States. 
::. Yellow millet, India. 

4. Sorghum, stalk and blossom, Unit- 
ed States. 

Ci ELECTION 19a. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating the 
Industry. 

COLLECTION 20. 

Cane Sugar. 
"Obtained from sugar cane growing 
in all tropical and subtropical regions. 
1. Sugar alk, Honduras. 

1*. Sugar cane and blossom, Louisiana. 

3. Cane sugar, raw. Louisiana. 

I > 'ane sugar, refined, Argentine Re- 
public. 

5. Raw sugar liquor. 

6. White sugar liquor. 

7. Various kinds of sugar. 

COLLECTION 21. 
Sugar. 

Glass case showing the various 
stages of development of cane and 
beet sugar. 

COLLECTION 22. 

Beet Sugar. 

Obtained from tin- sugar-beet culti- 
vated throughout the temperate zones, 
l. Sugar-beet seed. Nebraska, 
i'. Raw beet sugar. Kansas. 
:'.. Refined beet sugar, Michigan. 

COLLECTION 23. 

Development of Beet Siigar. 

1. Slices of sugar beet. 

2. Diffusion jo 

3. Plain liquor. 

4. Thick liquor. 

5. White fill mass. 

6. White sugar. 

7. Green syrup. 



S. Brown syrup. 
9. Brown fill mass. 
10. Brown sugar. 

COLLECTION 24. 
Other Sugars. 

1. Maple sugar, obtained from the 
sap of the maple tree common to the 
temperate zone. 

2. Grape sugar or glucose, found in 
most sweet fruits. 

3. Stalk and blossom of the sorghum 
plant, a variety or millet, which yields 
sugar and molasses. 

4. Corn sugar. 

Illustrations of Sugar and Sugar In- 
dustry. 

COLLECTIONS. 

25. Stereoscopic views, h'ugar indus- 
try in various countries 

26. Sugar Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one view — "'Cutting the Sugar Cane. 
— Porto Rico." 

27. Sugar Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one view — "Plantation and Sugar Mill 
— Porto Rico." 

28. Colored chart. The sugar beet. 

COLLECTION 29. 
Clover aUd Alfalfa. 

Clover is a low herb chiefly found 
in the temperate regions of the north- 
ern 'hemisphere. 

Lucerne. Pasture and forage plant 
widely spread in temperate climates. 
In the "Western United States it is ex- 
tensively cultivated and known under 
the name of alfalfa. 

1. Clover plant. 

2. Alfalfa plant. 

3. Alfalfa seed. 

COLLECTION 30. 

Hops. 

Grow wild in most parts of the 
Northern United States and Europe. 
Used in the manufacture of beer. 

1. Hops, plant. 

2. Hops, blossoms. 

3. Hops, compressed. 



Illustrations of Hops and the Hop In- 
dustry. 

COLLECTIONS. 

31. Stereoscopic views. Cultivation of 
hops. 

32. Colored chart. Hop plant and its 
parts. 

COLLECTION 33. 

Beans 

Cultivated almost everywhere as 
food for man and animals. 

1. Beans in pod, Nicaragua. 

2. Black frijoles, principal food of 
the Mexicans. 

3-4. Various kinds of beans, Central 
America. 

5. Horse beans, Portugal and New 
Zealand. 

6. Golden wax beans, Montana. 

7-8. Various kinds of beans, Philip- 
pine Islands. 

9. Dwarf beans, Argentine Republic. 

10. Castor beans. Tropical regions. 
Yield oil which is used in medicine and 
as lubricant for fine machinery. 

COLLECTION 34. 

Feas and Lentils. 

Pea, native of Italy. Cultivated in 
all temperate regions as food for man 
and beast. 

Lentil, native of Southern Asia. Cul- 
tivated in Europe, Southern Asia and 
Northern Africa. Chief varieties: The 
French lentil and Egyptian vetch. 

1. Green peas, Egypt. 

2. Sugar peas, Western United States. 

3. Lentils, Mexico^ and Philippine 
Islands. 

4. Vetch, Egypt 

Illustrations of Beans, Feas and Len- 
tils. 

COLLECTIONS. 

35. Stereoscopic views. Cultivation of 
beans and peas. 

36. Colored chart. The Pea, plant and 
its parts. 

COLLECTION 37. 
Coffee. 

Seed of the coffee plant cultivated in 
Arabia, Liberia, West Indies, Central 
America and Tropical South America. 



1. Branch of coffee tree with fruit 
and leaves. Brazil. 

2. Coffee in berry, Mexico and Nica- 
ragua. 

3. Coffee in parchment hull, Costa 
Rica and Mexico. 

4. Coffee, hull removed, Nicaragua, 
Arabia and Liberia. 

5. Coffee parched. 

COLLECTION 38. 
Preparation of Coffee. 

Twelve bottles showing various stages 
of preparation of coffee from the tree 
to the coffee ready for use. 

Illustrations of Coffee and Its Cultiva- 
tion. 

COLLECTIONS. 

39. Stereoscopic views. Various 
phases of the coffee industry. 

40. Coffee Industry. Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Coolies Picking Coffee. — 
Ceylon." 

41. Coffee Industry. Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Coffee from Porto Rico — 
Havana Wharf, Cuba." 

COLLECTION 42. 
Coffee. 

Glass case showing the various 
stages of development of coffee. Also 
coffee leaf and blossom. 

COLLECTION 43. 

Substitute for Coffee. 

Chicory. 

Obtained from the chicory root, ex- 
tensively cultivated in France, Ger- 
many, and, of late, in the United 
States. 

1. Chicory root. 

2. Chicory roasted, ground ami pressed. 

COLLECTION 44. 
Tea. 

Leaves of the tea plant. Native of 
Eastern China. Cultivated in Eastern 
and Southern Asia, Brazil, Mexico and 
in the Southern United States. Mate 
tea is made from the leaves of a holly 
tree, growing in Central South Amer- 
ica. 



1. Tea plant, India. 

2. Black tea, India, Japan, Ceylon, 
China. 

3. Green tea, China. 

4. Mate or Paraguay tea, Argentine 
Republic. 

5. Various kinds of tea. 

Illustrations of Tea and Tea Industry. 

COLLECTIONS. 

45. Stereoscopic views. Various 
phases of tea industry in different 
countries. 

46. Three photographs. The tea plant 
and its parts. 

COLLECTION 47. 
Cacao. 

Beans of a small tree, native of 
Columbia. Grown extensively in the 
northern part of South America, Mex- 
ico, the West Indies and East Indies. 
Used in the manufacture of chocolate. 

1. Cacao pod, Brazil. 

2. Cacao beans. 

3. Cacao pulverized 

4. Bitter chocolate. 

COLLECTION 48. 

Chocolate. 
Glass case showing various stages 
of the manufacture of chocolate. Also 
cacao leaf and blossom. 

COLLECTION 49. 

Illustrations of Cacao and its Industry. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating cacao 
cultivation and industry. 

COLLECTION 50. 
Cocoanut. 
Fruit of the cocoa palm cultivated in 
all tropical countries. The nut is used 
as food and for the production of co- 
coanut oil and butter. The fibers cov- 
ering the nut are employed in filling 
mattresses and made into cordage and 
matting. From the shell various im- 
plements are made, and the leaves fur- 
nish material for thatching, brooms, 
baskets and mats. 

Cocoanut. 

1 Cocoanut in outer shell. 

2. Cocoanut, outer shell removed. 

3. Section of outer shell showing 
fiber. 



COLLECTION 51. 

Pood Products Obtained from Pruit of 
Cocoanut. 

1. Cocoanut butter. 

2. Cocoanut oil. 

3. Cocoanut, shredded. 

4. Copra, dried kernel of nut. 

5. Poonac, cocoanut meat pressed — 
used for cattle food. 

6. Soap made from cocoanut oil and 
extracts. 

COLLECTION 52. 
Cocoanut Piber and Its Products. 

1. Mattress fiber. 

2. Bristle fiber. v 

3. Bristle fiber, colored. 

4. Yarn made of cocoanut fiber. 

5. Rope made of cocoanut fiber. 

6. Mat made of cocoanut fiber. 

COLLECTION 53. 

Cocoanut Palm Leaves and Bark. 

1. Inner bark of cocoanut palm. 

2. Bag made of cocoanut palm leaves. 

3. Mat made of cocoanut palm leaves. 

COLLECTION 54. 

Implements Made of Cocoanut Shell. 

1. Ladles. 

2. Dipper. 

3. Bowl. 

Illustrations of Cocoanut and Its In- 
dustry. 

COLLECTIONS 

55. Stereoscopic views. Various 
phases of cocoanut industry. 

56. Cocoanut Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one view — "The Cocoanut Tree." 

57. Cocoanut Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one view — "Natives in a Cocoanut 
Grove." 

COLLECTION 58. 

SPICES. 

Cinnamon. 

Inner bark of branches of cinnamon 
tree, native of Ceylon. Cultivated in 
Ceylon and the West Indies. 

1. Cinnamon bark. 

2. Cinnamon quills, the bark closely 
rolled, in various sizes. 

3.' Cinnamon fiber. 



4. Cinnamon chips. 

5. Cinnamon, ground. 

6. Cinnamon oil, distilled from the 
bark of the cinnamon tree. 

COLLECTION 59. 

Cassia. 

Inner bark of cassia or Chinese cin- 
namon tree. Used as substitute for 
cinnamon. 

1. Cassia buds, Saigon. 

2. Cassia quills, Canton, Batavia. 

3. Cassia quills of various sizes, 
Saigon. 

COLLECTION 60. 

Implements Used in the Preparation of 
Cinnamon. 

Eight instruments used by the Singa- 
lese women in the preparation of cin- 
namon. 

COLLECTION 61. 

Pepper. 

Fruit of pepper plant, native of 
Southern India. Cultivated in South- 
eastern Asia and the West Indies. Red 
pepper is the dried fruit of the capsi- 
cum or cayenne pepper plant growing 
in tropical America. 

1. Black pepper, Singapore. 

2. White pepper, India. 

3. Mexican chili. 

4. Red pepper in pods, Japan, Soudan. 

5. Long peppers, Siam. 

6. Black and red pepper fiber. 

7. Black and white bran. 

8. Black, white, and red pepper, 
ground. 

COLLECTION 62. 

Illustrations of Pepper and Pepper 
Culture. 

Large colored chart showing pepper 
plant culture. 

COLLECTION 63. 

Mustard. 

Seed of mustard plant. Black mus- 
tard found wild in Central and South- 
ern Europe, Southern Asia, and North 
Africa. Cultivated in North and South 
America. White mustard grows in 
Southern Europe and Western Asia. 

1. Mustard seed, yellow, England and 
Portugal. 



10 



2. Mustard seed, brown, Austria. 

3. Mustard, ground. 

4. Mustard bran. 

5. Mustard cake. 

COLLECTION 64. 

Various Spices. 

1. Thyme. A warm, pungent, aro- 
matic herb used to give a relish to 
meats. 

2. Sage. A plant of grayish green 
foliage used in flavoring meats. 

3. Marjoram. A genus of mint like 
plants comprising about twenty-five 
species. Sweet marjoram is fragrant 
and much used in cookery. 

4. Savory. A plant used in cooking 
also called summer savory. 

5. Dill. An aromatic herb, the seeds 
of which are used in cooking and were 
formerly used as a soothing medicine 
for children. 

6. Celer-y Seed and Salt. A plant 
of the Parsley family, the blanched 
stalks of which are used. The seel lias 
a taste similar to the plant. 

7. Caraway Seed. These have an 
aromatic smell and a warm, pungent 
taste. Used in cooking and medicine. 

8. Poppy Seed. Used in cooking. 
From these opium is obtained. 

9. Bay Leaves. Leaves of the Bay 
Tree. 

10. Laurel Leaves. Leaves of an 
aromatic evergreen tree. Used by the 
c arly Greeks to crown the victor in the 
( Hympian Games. 

11. Curry. A powder formed of 
strong spices. Much used in Irdia. 

COLLECTION 65. 
Various Spices. 

1. Ginger. Root stuck of plant cul- 
tivated in Southeastern Asia, AVestern 
Africa and Tropical America. 

2. Cloves. Dried tlowerbuds of the 

ire., native of the Moluccas, cul- 
tivated in almost all tropical regions. 

3. Allspice. Dried fruit of allspice 
or pimento tree, West Indies. 

4. Anise. Seed of tree native of 
Egypt. Cultivated in Syria, Malta, 
Spain, Germany, and Mexico. Star 
anise found in Anam and China. 

5. Nutmeg. Kernel of fruit of nut- 
meg tree. Native of the Moluccas but 
cultivated in all tropical countries. 

6. Mace. Dried inner coating invest- 
ing shell of nutmeg. 



7. Cardamom. Capsule and seed of 
an Indian spice plant, cultivated in 
Southern Asia and Madagascar. 

S. Coriander. Used also in Medicines." 

COLLECTION 66. 
Vanilla. 

1. Vanilla hean. Tropical regions. 
I mil of the vanilla plant, belonging 
to the orchid family. Capsule remark- 
able for its fragrant odor and the vola- 
tile "il extracted from it. 

-. Vanilla Extract. 

COLLECTION 67. 
Various rood Products. 

Tapioca, Jamaica. 

Starchj food obtained from the tu- 
bers "i the manioc or cassava plant, 
a native of the West Indies and Trop- 
ical South America. 

1. !• lul- e tapioca. 

2. l ear] tapioca. 

::. Cassava Starch, from the tubers 

ssava riant. 
I. cSweel I' 1 latci Starch obtained from 
the tuber of the sweet potato plant. 

Arrow-root meal. Obtained from 
the root of maranta, a herbaceous 
planl growing in the East and "West 
Indus and Africa. Used as food. 

6. Banana meal. Obtained by drying 
and grinding fruit of banana plant 
cultivated exclusively in tropical re- 
gions. 

7. Sago. The soft inner portion of 
sago palm. Cultivated in Southeastern 
Asia. 

NUTS AND FRUITS. 

C ELECTION 68. 
Nuts and Fruits. 

1. Peanut. Shrub with nuts. Fruit 
oi" peanut plant belonging to family 
Leguminosae. Warmer ports of Asia 
and America. Common in South Caro- 
lina and Georgia. Nuts yield oil used 
as substitute for olive oil. 

2. Pecan. A species of Hickory 
growing in the Mississippi Valley and 
Texas. 

3. Chinquapin. A nut-bearing shrub 
allied to the Chestnut. Grows from 6 
to 20 feet high in various parts of 
North America. 

4. Para or Brazil nut. Tropical re- 
gions of South America. Nuts to the 



11 



number of 25 or 50 tightly packed in 
hard, woody shell. "Niggertoes." Used 
as food and yield fine oil. 

5. Algarrobe. Brazil and Argentine 
Republic. Fruit of Algarrobe tree, 
pulse family. When dried and ground, 
used for making bread called "patay," 
an excellent food which is largely con- 
sumed by rural population. 

6. Betel nut. Fruit of Areca palm. 
Tropical Asia. Nut cut in slices, 
wrapped in the aromatic leaves of 
betel pepper, is chewed by the natives 
of Eastern Asia. 

COLLECTION 69. 

Nats. 

Ivory Nut or Vegetable Ivory. Fruit 
of a palm in Northwestern South Amer- 
ica. Very large, containing six or seven 
seeds. Fruit at first soft and juicy, be- 
comes very hard at a later stage. When 
dried becomes as white and hard as 
ivory. Used for making buttons and 
small ornaments. 

1. Ivory burr, containing seeds or 
nuts. 

2. Nuts in various stages of growth. 

3. Buttons and ornaments made of 
ivory nuts. 

COLLECTION 70. 

Nuts. 

Glass case showing development of 
Button from Ivory Nut. 

COLLECTION 71. 
Nuts and Fruits. 

1. Job's Tears. Fruit of grasses 
growing in East India and Japan. Used 
as ornaments. 

2. Jumbee Beans. Fruit of Ormosia 
or Necklace tree. Tropical regions. 
Used as beads for necklaces. 

3. Attalea Nut. Brazil. Fruit of 
Piassava palm. 



WAXES. 



REFERENCE BOOKS. 
Fatton — The Teacher's Aid. 
Toothaker — Commercial Raw 
terials. 



Ma- 



COLLECTION 72. 
Animal and Vegetable Waxes. 
Animal Wax. Yellow or brown sub- 
stance s"ecreted by honey bees from the 



pollen of flowers. Used for many pur- 
poses. 

1. Bees' Wax. United States. 

2. Bees' Wax. Madagascar. 

Vegetable Wax. Hard wax-like sub- 
stance obtained from the fruits of the 
Rhus plant growing in Japan. 

3. Branch of Rhus plant with fruit. 

4. Japan Wax made from the fruit of 
Rhus plant. 

5. Bayberry Wax. Found coating the 
fruits of several species of myrtle- 
bushes. United States, Central and 
South America. Obtained by plunging 
berries into hot water and skimming 
off the wax which rises to the surface. 
Used in combination with beeswax for 
making candles. 

OILS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Fatton — The Teacher's Aid. 
Toothaker — Commercial Raw Ma- 
terials. 

COLLECTION 73. 

Oils: Animal Oils. 

Obtained from the fat of various ani- 
mals by melting the fatty tissues. 

1. Herring oil. 

2. Cod oil. 

3. Sardine oil. 

4. Shark oil. 

5. Whale oil. 

COLLECTION 74. 
Oils: Vegetable Oils. 

Obtained from the seeds or other parts 
of various plants. The parts of the 
plant rich in oil are either crushed, or 
the oil is extracted by means of chem- 
icals. 

1. Cotton-seed Oil. Used for burning 
in lamps, soap-making and lubricating. 
Also used as substitute for olive oil. 

2. Linseed Oil. Used' in the manu- 
facture of paint and varnish, printers' 
ink and for various other purposes. 

3. Cocoanut Oil. Used to make co- 
coanut butter and in making candles 
and soap. 

4. Cinnamon Oil. Distilled from bark 
of cinnamon tree. 

5. Sesame Seeds and Oil. Obtained 
from sesame plant, cultivated in Egypt 
and India. Substitute for olive oil. 
Also used for soap making, lamp oil, 
lubricating and medicine. 



12 



To the Teacher: — 



Use this blank page to insert additional collections 75 to 100, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Page 12. 



COLLECTION 33-a. 

Soy Beans. 

Soy-beans or Soy-peas are 
made into a sauce and variously 
used in cookery; an oil is also 
expressed from them, and the 
residue is used for feeding 1 cattle 
and as a fertilizer. The plant is 
native from Northern India to 
Japan. 

1. Soy-bean — Tokyo. 

2. Soy-bean — Shanghai. 

3. Soy-bean — Ito San. 

4. Soy-bean — Haberlandt. 



5. 


Soy-bean- 


— Hollybrook 


6. 


Soy-bean- 


— Baird. 


7. 


Soy-bean- 


—Acme. 


8. 


Soy-bean- 


—Mammoth. 


9. 


Soy-bean- 


—Brownie. 


10. 


Soy-bean- 


-Cloud. 


11. 


Soy-bean- 


-22644. 


12. 


Soy-bean 


Meal. 



COLLECTION 45-a. 

Illustrations of Tea Culture. 

Large colored chart showing 
tea plant, its culture and process 
of drying. 



13 



MATERIAL 
FOR CLOTHING. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Chisholm — Commercial Geography. 
Hanan — Texile Fibers of Commerce. 
Lycle — Man and His Markets. 
Toothaker- — Commercial Raw Ma- 
terials. 

COLLECTION 100. 
Cotton. 
Fibrous portion of fruit of cotton 
plant. Cotton most extensively used 
is that cultivated in the southern part 
of the United States from Virginia to 
Texas. 

1. Cotton bolls, Louisiana. 

2. Cotton, unginned, Texas. 

3. Cotfon, ginned. Arkansas and 
Mexico. 

4. Cotton seeds. 

5. Cotton seed linters. 

6. Miniature cotton bale. 

COLLECTION 101. 
Cotton of Other Countries. 

1. Sea Island cotton, West Indies. 

2. Peruvian or Kidney cotton, Peru. 

3. Silk cotton obtained from the Bom- 
bax or cotton tree, Honduras and Vene- 
zuela. 

4. Pods of cotton tree, Philippine 
Islands. 

COLLECTION 102. 
Other Cotton Products. 

1. Cotton seed oil. Substitute for 
clive oil; also used for burning in 
lumps, soap-making and lubricating. 

2. Cotton oil cake. Used as cattle 
food and fertilizer. 

3. Cotton seed meal. Ground cotton 
seed cake. 

4. Cotton Seed meat. Cattle food. 

5. Cotton seed oil soap and soap pow- 
der. 

6. Cottolene. Cooking fat obtained 
from cotton seed oil. 

7. Varieties of Paper made from 
Cotton Stalks. The bark is separated 
from the stalk, carded and heckled, and 
changed into a pulp from which paper 
is made. 

COLLECTION 103. 
Manufacture of Cotton. 
Glass case showing the various 
stages of manufacture of cotton goods. 



Illustrations of Cotton and Cotton In- 
dustry. 

COLLECTIONS. 

104. Stereoscopic views. Cotton in- 
dustry of various countries. 

105. Cotton Industry — Fifteen <-<i|ih-s 
of one view — "Cotton pickers in the 
Field." 

10G. Cotton Industry — Fifteen copies 
of one view — "Cotton on the Levee — 
New Orleans." 

COLLECTION 107. 

Wool. 

The wools of commerce are the prod- 
uct of many distinct varieties of the 
fleece of the sheep, among them the 
Merino, the Lincoln, and the Rambouil- 
let. Next to cotton the most important 
of all textile fibers. 

1. Merino wool, unwashed. 

2. Merino wool, washed. 

3. Half-breed Merino, unwashed. 

4. Cross Lincoln wool, Argentine Re- 
public. 

5. Rambouillet wool, Argentine Re- 
public. 

COLLECTION 108. 
Processes of Wool Manufacture. 

1. Shoddy (shredded rags of woolen 
fabrics) to be mixed with dyed wool. 

2. Black and white wool and shoddy 
mixed. 

3. Rovings from carding machine. 

4. Spun yarn. 

5. Various woolen fabrics. 



COLLECTION 109. 

Vegetable Wool. 

i ibtained from the wool tree (erio- 
dendron) found in tropical America, 
Wool too short and brittle to be spun. 
Used for filling mattresses and pillows. 

1. Vegetable wool, Peru and Mexico. 

2. Vegetable wool on branch, Nica- 
ragua. 



COLLECTION 110. 
Processes of Wool Manufacture. 

Glass case showing the various proc- 
esses in the manufacture of woolen 
yarn. 



14 



Illustrations of Wool and Wool Indus- 
try. 

COLLECTIONS. 

111. Photographs. Herds of sheep in 
the pampas. 

112. Stereoscopic views. Sheep and 
the wood industry. 

COLLECTION 113. 

Silk. 

The fiber spun by the silk moth, native 
of China. The principal silk-producing 
countries are China, Japan, India, France 
and Spain. 

1. Silk moth. 

2. Silk cocoons, China and Japan. 

3. Raw Silk. 

-1. Bolting Cloth. Used in flour mills 
for sifting flour. The seams in the 
cloth show the places where the cloth 
had been fastened to the frame in the 

5. Silk rovings to he spun into yarn. 

6. Silk waste for silk and wool 
mixed goods. 

7. Various silk fabrics. 

8. Glass case showing the devi lop 
ment of silk. 

9. Booklet explaining Silk manufact- 
ure. 

COLLECTION 114. 

Silk. 

Silk Industry. — Fifteen copies of Book- 
let — -"Silk its Origin, Culture and Manu- 
facture." 

Illustrations of Silk Industry. 

COLLECTIONS. 



Si! 



indus- 



115. Stereoscopic views. 
try in various countries. 

116. Silk Industry — Fifteen cr pies of 
one view — "Separating Cocoons from 
their Nests — Japan." 

117. Silk Industry — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Gathering Mulberry Leaves 
for Silkworms." 

Flax. 
EEPEEENCE BOOKS. 

Hanan — Texile Fibers of Commerce. 

Toothaker — Commercial Raw Ma- 
terials. 

Principal Commercial Plant Fibers — 
Yearbook of U. S. Department of Agri- 
culture, 1903. 



COLLECTION 118. 

Flax. 

The flax plant is found in nearly every 
country of Europe anil in the temperate 
regions of Asia. Africa, North and South 
America. In European countries it is 
cultivated chiefly for its fiber which is 
spun into linen, in India and America 
for the seeds from which linseed oil i? 
obtained. 

1. Flax plant. 

2. Flax fiber. 

3. Flax filier fabrics. 

COLLECTION 119. 

Flax Seed and Its Products. 

1. Flax seed. 

2. Flax seed, ground. 

3. Linseed oils. 

4. Linseed oil cake. 

Illustrations of Flax and Flax Industry. 
COLLECTIONS. 

120. Stereoscopic views. Various 

phases of the flax industry. 

121. Flax Indust ry— Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Flax taken from stacks to 
soak in river — Belgium." 

COLLECTION 122. 

Spinning wheeel. 

COLLECTION 123. 

Hemp. 

Bast fiber of hemp plant, cultivated 
in Russia and Southern Europe, China, 
Japan, and the United States. Used for 
making cordage, ropes, linen crash, 
homespuns, etc. The seed is used as 
food for cage birds. 

1. Hemp seed. 

2. Hemp fiber. 

3. Hemp fabrics. 

Reference Book: Yearbook of De- 
partment of Agriculture, 1903. 

COLLECTION 124. 

Jute. 

Obtained from a plant belonging to 
the linen family. Cultivated in India, 
China and Japan. Used for making 
twine, bagging, rugs, carpets, and bur- 
lap. 

1. India jute fiber. 

2. Chinese jute fiber. 

3. Burlap. 



15 



4. Jute plant pressed. 

5. Jute stalk. 

6. Jute after dressing. 

7. Jute cuttings for making paper. 

8. Jute yarn. 

9. Jute rope. 

10. Jute bagging. 

Inference Book: Yearbook of U. S. 
Department of Agriculture, 1903. 

COLLECTION 125. 

Illustrations of Jute Industry. 

Stereoscopic views. Cultivation and 
manufacture of jute. 

COLLECTION 126. 

Fibers of the Philippine Islands. 

MANILA HEMP AND PINA FIBER. 

Manila hemp is obtained from the 
leaf sheaths of a banana plant. Used 
for making rope, ships' cables and 
other marine cordage, hoisting rope, etc. 

Pina fiber is obtained from the leaves 
of a species of pineapple. Used for 
delicate fabrics like shawls, scarfs, etc. 

1. Manila hemp fiber. 

2. Fabrics of manila fiber. 

3. Pina fiber. 

4. Pina muslin. 

Reference Book: Yearbook of IT. S. 
Department of Agriculture, 1903. 

COLLECTION 127. 

Illustrations of Manila Fiber. 

Stereoscopic views. Various phases 
of manila fiber industry. 

COLLECTION 128. 

Fibers Obtained from the Agave Plant. 

The leaves of the agave grown in all 
tropical countries yield a strong fiber 
used for binders' twine, lariats and 
general cordage. 

1. Sisal fiber, Mexico. 

2. Maguey fiber and rope, Nicaragua. 

3. Heneguin fiber and rope, Yucatan. 

4. Agave fiber, Venezuela. 

5. Mauritius hemp, Mauritius. 

6. Jaumave Istle fiber, Mexico. 



COLLECTION 129. 
New Zealand Flax. 

Obtained from plant belonging 
lily family. Manufactured into 



to the 
twine, 



rope and cordage, and spun and woven 
into goods closely resembling linen. 
1-2. New Zealand flax and rope. 

Cocoanut Fiber. 
See Collection 52. 

COLLECTION 130. 

Tree Bast Fibers. 

From the inner layers of the bark 
of linden and other trees. Used for 
rough cordage, mats, bags and baskets. 
Ramie or China grass is obtained from 
the inner bark of a nettle plant, cul- 
tivated in China, Japan, and the East 
Indies. Used for making stockings, 
sheeting,' shirtings, napkins, table 
damask, carpets, fishing nets, yarn and 
thread. 

1. Branch of tree showing fiber, 
Madagascar. 

2. Cocoanut bast fiber, Ceylon. 

3. Tappa cloth, made of the inner 
bark of the tappa, a mulberry tree, 
Hawaiian Islands. 

4. Ramie, dark colored, Formosa. 

5. Ramie, light colored. Formosa. 

6. Linden bast rope, Russia. 

7. Linden bast bagging, Russia. 

8. Shoes made from linden bast 
fibers, Russia. 

9. Matting made from linden bast 
fibers, Russia. 

COLLECTION 131. 

Falmetto Fibers. 

1. Plaster board fiber. Southern 
States. The finer fiber extracted from 
leaf stems of the saw palmetto, na- 
tive of the Southern States, and util- 
ized in making of staff and in plas- 
tering instead of hair. 

2. Palmetto root fiber. Southern 
States. The root of the cabbage pal- 
metto is sawed crosswise into disks 
and the pulp scraped away with 
toothed wheels. This leaves the fibers 
exposed as bristles. 

3. Section of palmetto root. 

4. Section of palmetto root, showing 
fiber. 

5. Brushes and whisks made from 
cabbage palmetto fiber. 



16 



COLLECTION 132. 

Bamboo. 

A tall, bushy or arborescent grass, 
with wooden stems, native of Eastern 
Asia. It varies in thickness from 
that of a goose's quill to more than a 
foot in diameter, and in height from 
a few to 150 feet. The stem of the 
bamboo affords to the inhabitants of 
Eastern Asia the material for the erec- 
tion and furnishing of the ordinary 
dwelling home and for many other 
purposes. 

1. Various specimens of bamboo. 

2. Bamboo. Fiber. Spliced stems 
of bamboo. 

'3. Rope made of Bamboo Fiber. 

COLLECTION 133. 
Rattan. 

1. Rattan. Stem of palm (calamus), 
native of the East Indies. Used for 
basketry, ropes, furniture, canes, etc. 
In preparing rattan cane for the mar- 
ket, the natives remove the leaves and 
outer cuticles by pulling the stems 
through a notch in a tree or board. 

2. Cane made" of rattan. 

COLLECTION 134. 

Pine Needle Fibers. 

Obtained from needles of long-leafed 

pine in Southern States. The needles 

are laid out to dry, then placed in 

large iron cylinders where the oil is 



extracted by steam, and then put into 
vats with water and alkali, which re- 
moves the silicious hardening matter. 
The straw is soaked for two' days, 
when, with the water, it is fed through 
a machine which extracts the fiber. 

1. Pine needles. 

2. Bagging made from pine needle 
fiber. 

3. Matting made from pine needle 
filn-r. 

4. Rope made from pine needle fiber. 

COLLECTION 135. 
Palm Fibers and Leaves. 

Raffia. From the young leaflets of 
a palm, native of Madagascar. Cul- 
tivated in Wist Africa and Brazil. Used 
to make hats and baskets and woven 
into mattings and tapestry. 

Piassava or monkey grass. Obtained 
from the leaf sheaths of the piassava 
palm found in Brazil. Used for brooms, 
mats. 

Pita fiber. From the leaves of the 
pita palm, Mexico and Peru. Used in 
making ■ m-dage. 
• 1. Raffia fiber, Madagascar. 

2. Raffia fiber, colored, Madagascar. 

:'.. Piassava fiber, Brazil. 

4. Piassava rope, Brazil. 

5. Pita fiber, Peru. 

6. Palm leaves, Madagascar and Cey- 
lon. 

7. Baskets of palm leaves, Nicaragua. 



17 

To the Teacher: — 

Use this blank pagre to insert additional collections 136 to 150, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. ff 



Page 17. 



COLLECTION 129-a. 
Various Fibers. 

1. Sisal fiber obtained from 
a species of agave, commonly 
known as heniquen, grown in 
Yucatan and Mexico. It is al- 
most identical with the century 
plant. 

2. Sisal sliver or strand pre- 
pared for spinning. 

3. Sisal twine. 



4. Manila fiber or abaca, ob- 
tained in the Philippines from 
the Manila tree, a species of the 
banana. 

5. Manila sliver or strand 
prepared for spinning. 

6. Pure Manila twine. 

7. Flax fiber grown in everv 
state of the Union, and made 
from the straw which formerly 
went to waste. 

8. Flax twine. 



18 



DOMESTIC WOODS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Apgar — Trees of North America. 

Hough — Hand Book of Trees of 
Northern U. S. and Canada. 

Keeler — Our Native Trees. 

Iiounsberry — A Guide to the Trees. 

Matthews — Familiar Trees. 

Rogers — Tree Book. 

Stokes. — Ten Common Trees. 

The collections of domestic woods 
are mounted on, slides, each of which 
shows a piece of bark, a longitudinal 
and a cross-section of branch, the 
blossom, the leaf and the fruit of a 
tree. 

C< iLLECTK 'X 150. 
Domestic Woods. 

Woods of the following trees: 

1. Horse Chestnut. Throughout Eu- 
rope and the United States. Wood 
coarse, easily split and durable. Used 
for railroad ties and fence posts. 

2. Linden or Basswood. Northern and 
Middle States. Fiber obtained from 
inner bark used for making ropes and 
matting. Wood much used in cabinet 
work. 

3. Papaw. Central United States. 
Along .streams. Fruit yellowish and 
fragrant. 

4. Beech. Abundant in the North- 
ern United States and Canada Wood 
hard and heavy; used for many eco- 
nomic purposes. 

5. "Willow. Growing in damp places 
throughout the United States. Wood 
soft; used for carpentry and fuel; 
branches for basketry. 

6. Poplar. Sandy soil. Throughout 
the Fnited States. Wood white and 
soft and used for coarse work only. 

7. Silver Poplar. A native of Eu- 
rope, Asia and Africa has become 
naturalized throughout Northeastern 
United States and Canada. 



8. Cottonwood. Variety 
Mississippi Valley. 



of poplar. 



COLLECTION 151. 
Domestic Woods. 
Woods of the following trees: 



1. Sumach. Very common along 
fences and on hillsides throughout the 
United States. Wood orange colored 
and brittle. Used for dyeing. 

2. Locust. Throughout the United 
States. Wood close grained and valued 
for its strength, durability and elas- 
ticity. 

3. Red Bud. Central United States. 
\\ 1 hard and heavy. 

4. Black Haw. Northern United 
States and Canada. Wood hard and 
heavy; used in turnery and for fuel. 

5. Sweet Gum. Low, moist bottom 
lands of Central United States. Eacli 
layer in the bark represents a season's 
growth. Wood used for interior finish. 

6. Dogwood. Central United States. 
Bitter tonic bark. Hardwood used in 
turnery. 

7. Persimmon". Central and South- 
ern United states. Fruit of pleasant 
taste after frost. Wood very hard and 
dark colored. 

8. Box Elder. Throughout United 
States. Yields sugar. Wood light and 
soft; used for interior finish, wooden- 
\\ arc paper pulp, etc. 

COLLECTION 152. 
Domestic Woods. 

Woods of the following trees: 

1. Ash. United States and Canada. 
Moist woods and swamps. Wood is 
light, elastic and durable, and used for 
carriage frames and agricultural im- 
plements. 

2. Catalpa. Southern and Western 
States. Low, rich woodlands. Wood 
light, coarse grained, and very durable. 

::. Sassafras. Central United States. 
Root aromatic, used in medicine. Wood 
reddish, rather hard and durable. 

4. Elm. Northern United States. 
Favorite shade tree. Wood tough and 
strong; used for carriages and in ship- 
building. 

5. Hackberry. Throughout North 
America. Wood quite tough. Used for 
barrel hoops and for charcoal. 

6. Mulberry. Central and Southern 
States. Leaves used for feeding silk 
worms. Wood yellow, heavy, and dura- 
ble. 

7. Sycamore. Common in the United 
States east of the Rocky Mountains. 
Wood hard and compact; used for 
furniture and interior decoration. 



19 



8. Birch. Northern United States, 
rocky and mountainous woods. Wood 
hard and close grained; used for spools; 
shoe pegs, wood pulp and barrel hoops. 

COLLECTION 153. 
Domestic Woods. 

Woods of the following trees: 

1. Butternut or White Walnut. Com- 
mon in Northern and Central United 
States. Wood used for gun stocks, 
panels, and veneers. 

2. Black Walnut. Middle and West- 
ern States. Wood used in Building and 
for cabinet work. 

3. Shellbark Bitternut Hickory. Cen- 
tral United States; rough and shaggy 
bark. Wood used in making hoops, axe 
handles, the keels of vessels, etc. 

4. Pecan. The largest of the Hick- 
ories. Its nuts form an important ar- 
ticle of commerce. It prefers low rich 
ground near streams. 

5. Sugar or Rock Maple. United 
States, most abundant in New England. 
Fields maple sugar. Wood heavy, hard 
and strong. Used for fuel and cabinet 
work. 

6. Red Maple. Low woods and 
swamps in the Atlantic States. Wood 
hard and compact, much used in cab- 
inet work. 

7. White or Silver Maple. Southern 
States. Wood not as hard as that of 
the other maples. Used for cabinet 
work and interior finish. 



COLLECTION 154. 
Domestic Woods. 

Woods of the following trees: 

1. Black Oak. Throughout the United 
States. Bark used for dyeing and tan- 
ning. Wood used for building, cabinet 
work and furniture. 

2. Black Jack Oak. "Variety of black 
oak found in the Central States. 

3. Red Oak. Most common species of 
the oak family in the United States and 
Canada. Bark used in tanning. Wood 
reddish and coarse grained, of little 
value as timber, but excellent for fuel. 

4. White Oak. Common throughout 
the United States. Bark used for tan- 
ning. Yields valuable lumber used in 
building, for cabinet work, and furni- 
ture. 



5. Post Oak. Variety of white oak 
found in the Southern and Central 
States. 

6. Burr Oak. One of the very larg- 
est American oaks. Prefers rich bot- 
tom-lands. Bears large acorns with 
mossy-fringed cups. 

7. Pin Oak. One of our most beauti- 
ful oaks, with clear cut leaves, and 
smooth, grayish column or trunk. 

8. Laurel Oak. Frequently called 
water oak. Especially popular as a., 
shade tree in the Southern States. 

COLLECTION 155. 
Domestic Woods. 

Woods of the following trees: 

1. White Pine. Most valuable tim- 
ber tree. Eastern United States and 
Canada. Used in building. The large 
trunks made into ship masts. 

■1. Yellow Pine. Southern United 
States. Yields resin and valuable lum- 
ber. 

::. Spruce. Forms forests in North- 
ern United States and Canada. Wood 
light and soft; used in building, for 
sounding boards of pianos, violins, etc. 

4. Hemlock. Northeastern United 
States. W T ood used in building, for 
fences, plank walks, etc., Bark used 
for tanning. 

5. Fir. Eastern and Western North 
America. Bark yields fir balsam. Wood 
light, soft and white; used for masts 
and spars. 

6. Red Cedar. Common cedar tree 
of the Unite! States. Wood has pleas- 
ant odor and is almost exclusively used 
in the making of lead pencil frames. 

7. Arbor Vitae or W r hite Cedar. 
Planted largely for ornamental purpos- 
es, does well in hedges for windbreaks. 

S. Cypress. A swamp loving tree, 
valuable for cooperage, tank construc- 
tion and other commercial purposes. 

Illustrations of Many of the Trees of 
the Preceding Collections. 

Colored charts showing various do- 
mestic trees, their bark and leaf, with 
brief description. 

COLLECTIONS. 



156. 


. Locust. 


157. 


Birch. 


158. 


Poplar. 


159. 


Ash. 



20 



160. 


Horse Chestnut. 


161. 


Alder. 


162. 


Plane Tree. 


163. 


Lime Tree. 


164. 


Spruce. 


165. 


Fir. 


166. 


Holly Oak. 


167. 


English Walnut. 



COLLECTION 168. 

Illustrations of Lumber Industry. 

Stereoscopic views. Illustrating Lum- 
ber Industry. 

COLLECTIONS. 

169. Lumber Industry — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one view — "Scouring Logs and 
Hauling Them into Saw-Mill, Min- 
neapolis, Minn." 

170. Lumber Industry — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one view — "Stupendous Log 
Raft." 

171. Lumber Industry — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one view — "Driving Logs Through 
a Narrow Channel." 

COLLECTION 178. 
Forestry. 

Ten Pamphlets — "A Primer of Forest- 
ry — Part 1. — The Forest," by Gifford 
Pinchot. 

COLLECTION 173. 
Forestry. 

Ten Pamphlets — "A Primer of For- 
estry — Part II. — Practical Forestry," 
by Gifford Pinchot. 

COLLECTION 174. 

Forestry. 

Thirty Pamphlets — "The Use of the 
National Forests," by Gifford Pinchot. 

MODELS OF PLANTS. 

Enlarged Models of plants made of 
papier-mache and glass, showing all 
parts of the plant. 

COLLECTION 175. 
Scotch Fir. Coniferae. 

COLLECTION 176. 

Rye, Gramineae. 

COLLECTION 177. 
Orchid, Orchidaceae. 



COLLECTION 178. 
Birch, Cupuliferae. 

COLLECTION 179. 
Hazel-nut, Capuliferae. 

COLLECTION 180. 

Rape, Cruciferae. Blossom and seed 
pod. 

COLLECTION 181. 

Pea, Leguminosae. Blossom and seed 
pod. 

COLLECTION 182. 
Bean, Leguminosae. 

COLLECTION 183. 
Cypress Spurge, Euphorbiaceae. 

COLLECTION 184. 

Grape-vine, Vitaceae. 

COLLECTION 185. 
Sage, Labiatae. 

COLLECTION 186. 
Toad-flax, Scrophulariaceae. 

COLLECTION 187. 
Fox-glove, Scrophulariaceae. 

COLLECTION 188. 
Dandelion, Compositae. 

COLLECTION 189. 
Chamomile, Compositae. 

COLLECTION 190. 
Meadow Saffron, Melanthiaseae. 

COLLECTION 191. 

Equisetum, Horse-tail, Equisetaceae. 
Blossom and seed pod. 

COLLECTION 192. 
Venus Fly-trap, Droseraceae. 

COLLECTION 193. 
Worm-fern Proth, Filices. 

MEDICINAL PLANTS. 

COLLECTION 194. 

Plants. 

1. Cinchona or Peruvian Bark. Bark 
of the Cinchona plant growing in Peru 
and Bolivia. From it quinine is ob- 
tained. 



21 



2. Sassafras. Bark of the Sassafras. 
Tree of the Laurel Family. United 
States and Central America. Aromatic. 
Used in medicine as a tonic. 

3. Balsam. West Indies and Central 
America. Thick aerial roots sent down 
from the stems and branches of small 
trees. Produce fragrant gum — resin 
used in medicine. 

4. Ipecac. Root of a plant belonging 
to the Cinchona family. Native of Bra- 
zil. Roots highly valued in treatment 
of dysentery. 

5. Jalap. Tuberous root of a climb- 
ing plant of Central America and Mex- 
ico. Used as a purgative. 

6. Cascarilla Bark. Small tree of the 
Spurgewort family. "West Indies and 
Central America. Produces a bitter 
tonic. 

OTHER TREE PRODUCTS. 

CORK. 

REFERENCE BOOK. 

Patton — The Teacher's Aid. 
Toothaker — Commercial Products. 

CORK. 

Outer bark of the cork oak found in 
Southern Europe and Northern Africa. 
Used for stoppers for bottles and casks, 
for artificial limbs, for inner soles of 
shoes, for floats of nets, etc. 

COLLECTION 195. 
Cork Bark. 

1. Cork bark in natural roughness, 
Portugal. 

2. Cork ready for the market, Por- 
tugal. 

3. Cork strips, Portugal. 

COLLECTION 196. 

Processes Showing- Manufacture of 
Cork Products. 

Cork punching. Handcut cork. 

Cork tapering. Split cork. 

Cork glueing. 

COLLECTION 197. 
Cork Products. 
Cork paper. Cork handle. 

Cork wood. Cork soles. 

Cork caps and stoppers. 
Cork fish bobbers. 
Cork seine. 
Model of sheet cork insulation. 



COLLECTION 198. 

Cork. 

Case showing the Development of 
Cork Products. 

COLLECTION 199. 
Rubber. 

India rubber is obtained from the 
milky sap of several plants found in 
the tropical and subtropical regions. 
Used for rubber bands, toys, boots, 
carriage tires, hose" waterproof tissues, 
rubber stamps, stoppers, etc. 

1. Crude rubber. Two varieties. 

Illustrations of Rubber Industry. 
COLLECTIONS. 

200. Stereoscopic views. Various 
phases of the rubber industry. 

201. Large colored chart. Showing 
India rubber culture. 

COLLECTION 202. 

Gutta Percha. 

Gutta Percha. Plant product similar 
to rubber. Obtained from the milky 
juice of Sapota trees found in the East 
Indies. Malay Peninsula and other 
tropical countries. Chiefly used for 
articles exposed to moisture, cold, and 
acids, as hose, belts, buckets and as 
insulating material for electrical wires. 

COLLECTION 203. 

Gutta Percha. 

Case showing the development of 
Gutta Percha products. 

COLLECTION 204. 
Gums and Resins. 

1. Gum Arabic. The sap of a species 
of Acacia and other thorny shrubs 
found in Northeast Africa and portions 
of Asia. Used for mucilage, in the 
manufacture of ink and blacking, and 
in making confectionery. 

2. Copal. A resin obtained from the 
sap of the copal trees found In West 
Africa, Zanzibar and Brazil. Large 
quantities are found in a fossil state. 
Used for making varnish. 

(a) Zanzibar copal. 

(b) Congo copal. 

(c) Angola copal. 

(d) Brazilian copal. 



22 



3. New Zealand Kauri. A resin 
gained from living trees and found in 
a fossil state. Used in making var- 
nish. The lighter shades are used as 
a substitute for amber. 

4. Resin, Ceylon. 

5. Elacterite, fossil resin found in 
Utah. 

6. Rosin, obtained by distilling 
crude turpentine. Chief countries for 
its production are the United States, 
Russia, Austria, France and India. 
Used in making soaps, cheap grades of 
varnish, and for rubbing on violin 
bows. 

COLLECTION 205. 
Camphor. 

White, volatile, gum-like camphor of 
penetrating odor and pungent taste. 
Obtained from the camphor tree, na- 
tive of Eastern Asia. Transplanted to 
all tropical and subtropical countries. 

Chips of camphor wood are put into 
stills with water, and the volatile 
camphor is driven off by the heat and 
cryHtalized. Used in medicine and in 
the making of \ arnish. 

1. Camphor wood, Formosa. 

2. Camphor chips, Formosa. 

3. Granular camphor, Japan. 

4. Camphor black oil, Formosa. 

5. Camphor white oil, Formosa. 

6. Camphor varnish, Formosa. 

COLLECTION 206. 
Tree Moss. 

Tree Moss or Spanish Moss is found 
from South Carolina down to Argentine 
hanging in dense masses from the 
branches of trees. The outer cuticle 
is removed from the plant by ma- 
chinery, and the remaining fiber re- 
sembling horse hair, is used for up- 
holstering. The unprepared moss is 
used for packing material for fruit and 
glass. 

1-4. Tree Moss in various stages of 
development. 

COLLECTION 207. 
Paper made from Wood Pulp. 

From sections of spruce wood two 
feet long the bark is removed and the 
wood cut into chips. Chips are cooked 
with by-sylphite liquor into pulp which 
is bleached into white fiber. From the 



bleaching chests, the pulp is run into 
sheets on a dry machine or wound off 
into rolls. 

1. Section of Log of Spruce Tree. 

2. Spruce Chips used in the manu- 
facture of Pulp. 

3. Lime Chips used in the manu- 
facture of Pulp. 

4. Unbleached Sylphite Pulp. 

5. Bleached Sylphite Pulp. 

6. Roll of Paper made of Pulp. 

7. Various Samples of Paper made 
of Pulp. 

COLLECTION 208. 

Illustrations of Paper Industry. 

Stereoscopic views, illustrating 

Paper Industry. 

COLLECTION 209. 

Paper Industry. 

Olass case. showing the various 
developmenl of Paper. 

COLLE< "l"li i.\ 210. 

Blotting Paper. 

Glass case, showing the various stages 
in the manufacture of Blottiim Paper. 

C< ELECTION 211. 

Rice Paper. 

Various samples of Bice Paper — made 
from rice straw; also of paper made 
from the pith of the rice-paper tree of 
Formosa. 

FOREIGN WOODS. 

REFERENCE BOOK. 
G. S. Boulger — Woods. 

COLLECTION 212. 
Foreign woods: West Indies. 

1. Ebony. YVood of large tree, na- 
tive of Southern India. Deep black, 
very hard, heavy and fine-grained. Ca- 
pable of very high polish. Used mostly 
lor veneer. 

2. Lignum Vitae. Blackish, with a 
greenish tint. Heavy, hard, strong and 
close-grained. Difficult to split. Used 
for ships, pulleys, balls for bowling al- 
leys, mortars and pestles, etc. Found 
also in Central America and throughout 
South America. 



23 



3. Red Cedar. Wood rose red to 
brown-red. Light. Soft, brittle and 
fine-graine I. Obnoxious to insects 
Used in cabinet-making, for trunks, anil 
cigar boxes. 

4. Granadillo or Rosewood. Red, 
handsomely figured, aromatic. Hard 
Used for building and furniture. 

5. Cabbage Tree Wood. Brown, hard 
and durable. Used for mill rollers an 1 
in house and ship-building. 

6. Avocado Pear. Grown chiefly for 
its fruit. 

COLLECTION 213. 

Foreign Woods: Mexico. 

1. Mahogany. Hard, heavy, close 
and straight in grain. Durai.de and 
susceptible of a high polish. Does not 
shrink or warp. Used for making I'm 
niture and interior work in houses, 
ships and railroad cars. 

2. Logwood. Deep, dull brownish 
red, very hard and heavy. Used for re 1 
or black dye. 

3. Mora. Chestnut-brown or red, 
very heavy, hard and tough. Used for 
beams and planking in ship-building. 
Used as substitute for rosewood and 
mahogany. 

4. Laurel. Heavy, hard, and suscep- 
tible of high polish. Used as substi- 
tute for oakwood. 

5. Guava. Chiefly raised for its 
fruit, from the pulp of which a deliciors 
jelly is made. 

COLLECTION 214. 

Foreign Woods: Central America. 
Nicaragua. 

1. Bloodwood. Moderately heavy 
Easily dressed. Strong and durable. 
L T sed chiefly for posts and rails. 

2. Rosewood. Red, handsomely fig- 
ured. Hard and strong. Used for build- 
ing and furniture. 

3. Sapodilla or Bullet-wood. \ . 
heavy, hard and durable. Used for 
furniture, cabinet work and building. 

4. Ebony. See Collection 212. 

COLLECTION 215. 

Foreign "Woods: Central America, 
Nicaragua. 

9jL. Fustic. Yellow, light and durable. 
Use! for spokes and for inlaid work. 
Its chief use is in dyeing textiles. 



2. Balsam Fir. Very light, soft and 
coarse-grained. Not durable. 

for staves. 

3. Mangrove wood. Very heavy, hard, 
tough and durable. 

4. Madrona or Straeoberry-wood. 
Hard and heavy. Strong and close- 
grained. Used in making furniture and 
for charcoal for gunpowder. 

COLLECTION 216. 

Foreign Woods: Central America, 
Costa Rica. 

1. Almond. Soft, open-grained. Used 
for spars for small vessels. 

2. Myrtle. Close-grained, tough and 
durable. Used for tool handles and for 
flooring. 

3. Kola. Native of Africa. Whitish. 
light, and porous. Much like poplar 
wood. Obnoxious to insects. Used in 
building boats and railroad cars. 

4. Plum. Heavy and hard, but not 
very durable. LTsed by cabinet makers 
and turners. 

COLLECTION 217. 

Foreign Woods: Central America, 
Honduras. 

1. Mahogany. See Collection 213. 

2. Nispero or Bullet-wood. Reddish 
brown. Very heavy, hard and durable. 
Used for furniture and cabinet work. 

3. Black-wood. Heavy, hard and 
tough. Takes fine polish. Used for 
sleepers, agricultural implements, tool- 
handles, carving and furniture. 

4. Santa Maria. Moderately heavy 
and hard, flexible, durable and easily 
worked. Used for beams and planks in 
ship-building. 

5. Honduras Cedar. Soft, light and 
easily split. Used in making cigar 
boxes and furniture. 

6. Laurel. See Collection 213. 

COLLECTION 218. 

Foreign Woods: South America, 
Venezuela. 

1. Cashew. Red to brown. Moder- 
ately hard. Used in boat building, for 
packing cases and for charcoal. Fruit 
of cashew tree, the cashew nut, is 
edible. 

2. Cork-wood. Nut-brown. Very 
light. Used for floats for fishing nets. 



24 



3. Olive-wood. Light, yellowish 
brown, very close and fine-grained. 
Takes fine polish. Used chiefly in 
turnery and carving. 

4. Roble. Oak family. Hard, tough 
wood, with a silvery grain. Used in 
ship-building. 

COLLECTION 219. 

Foreign Woods: South America, 

Brazil. 

1 Brazil-wood. Hard, heavy and sus- 
ceptible to polish. Employed in cabinet 
work, but chiefly as a red dye. 

2. Peroba. Yellow, moderately heavy 
and very strong. Durable. Used in 
building Brazilian ironclads, and for 
furniture. 

3. Palisander-wood. Dark brown, very 
hard and heavy. Almost brittle. Valu- 
able wood, chiefly used in making 
pianos. 

4. Palo d'Arco. Trumpet vine fam- 
ily. Very hard, compact and elastic. 
Used in cabinet work. 

5. Guarabu. Pulse fa'mily. Fine- 
grained, hard and compact wood. Used 
in ship-building. 

COLLECTION 220. 

Foreign Woods: South America. 
Peru. 

1. Peruvian Elder. Hard and firm 
wood. Used in turnery. 

2. Cinchona or Peruvian Bark tree. 
Bark used in medicine. 

COLLECTION 221. 

Foreign Woods: South America, 
Argentine Republic. 

1. Quebracho. Sumac family. Im- 
mense forests of this tree in Argen- 
tina. LTsed in building, especially of 
ships and railroad sleepers. Extensive- 
ly used for tanning. 

2. Algarrobo or Locust. Distributed 
throughout the republic. Wood . light 
and easily worked. Used in building, 
carpentry and turning. Also""- prepared 
in blocks for paving streets. Of the 
pod of the tree bread is made. 

3. Iron wood. Common throughout 
republic. Wood hard and dense. Used 
in making railway sleepers and in turn- 
ing. Root used for tanning. Fruit 
edible. 



4. Yellow wood. Wood of light green 
color. Used in making high-class furni- 
ture. 

5. Guava. Myrtle family. Wood, 
rose color. Rather light. Used for cab- 
inet work and turning. Fruit edible 
and employed in dyeing, while bark is 
used for tanning. 

COLLECTION 222. 
Foreign Woods: Asia. 

1. Teak. Southeastern Asia. Wood 
very hard and durable. Fragrant. Ob- 
noxious to insects. Best wood for ship- 
building. Also used in bridge-building, 
for sleepers and furniture. 

2. Indian Satin wood. .India and 
Ceylon. Beautiful light-colored, hard 
wood, used for inlaying and veneer. 

3. Sappan wood. Southeastern Asia. 
Brownish red. Used almost exclusively 
as a re l dye for cotton goods. The 
root yields an orange dye. 

COLLECTION 223. 

Foreign Woods: Asia, Philippine Is- 
lands. 

1. Ebony. See Collection 212. 

2. Red Sandalwood. Leguminosae. 
Deep red, heavy, very hard, fine 
grained taking a beautiful polish. Used 
for turnery, but chiefly as a red dye. 

3. Sal or Guijo. Large tree of Di- 
perto-carpaceae family. Light to deep 
brown, heavy, hard, coarse and cross- 
grained, very durable. Aromatic. 
Resin protects it from ants. Used for 
sleepers, beams, bridges, blocks and 
cogs. 

4. Mango. Anacardiaceae. Dull 
gray, porous, hard, and close-grained. 
Stands exposure to salt water. Used 
for cart-wheels, canoes, and rough fur- 
niture. 

5. Molave. Very high tree of 
Myrtaceae. Light brown, very heavy, 
hard, close-grained. Used for staves 
and furniture. 

COLLECTION 224. 
Foreign Woods: Asia, Japan. 

1. Sugi or Japanese Cedar. Brown- 
ish red. Used for lacquer-ware. 

2. Japanese Hemlock. Light, soft, 
and coarse-grained. Brittle and not 
durable. Used for sleepers, laths, 
rafters, planks, fencing, etc. 



25 



3. Japanese Ironwood or KirnI 
Sapotaceae. Red, fine-grained and easily 
worked. 

COLLECTION 225. 

Foreign Woods: Australia. 

1. Blue Gum or Gray Box. New South 
Wales. Red-brown. Very heavy and 
strong. Used for sleepers and in build- 
ing. 

2. Coachwood. New South Wales. 
Soft, light and exceedingly tough. Used 
for coach building and cabinet work. 

3. Black-butt. Southeastern Aus- 
tralia. Yellowish brown, suitable for 
sleepers, paving, telegraph poles and in 
carpentry. 

4. Stringy-bark. Southeastern Aus- 
tralia, Light-colored. Durable. Used 
for shingles and flooring. 

5. Negrohead Beech. Tasmania and 
Victoria. Brownish, satinlike, hard and 
susceptible of fine polish. Used for 
cogs, doors, furniture and carpentry. 

6. Sassafras. Southeastern Aus- 
tralia. Hard and solid, taking fine pol- 
ish. Used for lasts, cabinet work and 
sounding boards. 

7. Iron bark. Southeastern Aus- 
tralia. Brown, very hard, tough and 
strong. Much used for sleepers and 
other railroad work. 

COLLECTION 226. 
Foreign Woods: Australia. 

1. Beef wood or Silky Oak. Queens- 
land. Beautiful wood, hard and close- 
grained. Very durable. Used for 
furniture, veneer, and walking sticks. 

2. Forest Oak. Queensland. Prettily 
marked. Used fof furniture and veneer 
and for shingles. 

3. Moreton Bay Pine. Queensland 
and New Guinea. Light colored, hard 
and strong. Used in cabinet work and 
carpentry. 

4. Red Mahogany. Queensland. Light 
brown or dark red. Very strong and 
durable. Used for ships' knees, fence 
po^ts, rafters and shingles. 

5. Tallow wood. Eastern Australia. 
Y-ellowish brown, resembling mahogany. 
Very durable. Used for flooring. One 
of the best woods for paving. 

6. Turpentine tree. Queensland. Hard 
and durable. Used for sleepers and in 
building. 

7. Corkwood. Eastern Australia. White 



or yellowish. Very soft. Bark resem- 
bles that of cork oak. Used for tool 
handles, cabinet work and sounding 
boards. 

COLLECTION 227. 
Foreign Woods: Australia. 

1. Red or Pencil Cedar. Eastern 
Australia. Reddish wood of pretty fig- 
ure. Fragrant. Substitute for mahog- 
any. Used for furniture, turning, en- 
graving, ship-building and pencils. 

2. Red Bean. Eastern Australia. Soft 
and fine-grained. Resembles walnut. 
Takes good polish. Employed in mak- 
ing furniture and staves. 

3. White Maple. Eastern Australia. 
White, close-grained and durable. Used 
for bed-room furniture. 

4. Mountain Ash. Central and East- 
ern Australia. Hard, tough and durable, 
polishing well. Valuable for staves. 

5. Spotted Gum. Eastern Australia. 
Heavy, strong and tough. In great de- 
mand for paving, bridge and ship-build- 
ing, shingles, etc. 

6. Teak. See Collection 222. 

7. Black wood. Well distributed over 
Australia. Dark brown, hard and easily 
polished. One of the most valuable of 
Australian timbers. Used for oil casks, 
furniture, picture frames, and sounding 
boards of pianos. 

BOTANICAL CHARTS. 

Large Colored Charts Showing the 
Flants Given Below and Their Prin- 
cipal Farts. 

COLLECTIONS. 

228. Buttercup. 

229. Mustard. 

230. Pea. 

231. Strawberry. 

232. Plum. 

233. Carrot. 

234. Canada Thistle. 

235. Primrose. 

236. Potato. 

237. Birch. 

238. Willow. 

239. Spruce. 

240. Orchid. 

241. Garlic. 

242. Barley. 

243. Fern. 

244. Mushroom. 

245. Buckwheat and Spinach (on one 
chart.) 



26 



BOTANICAL CHARTS. 
Small Colored Charts. 8x10 inch Size. 



COLLECTIONS. 



246. 


Anemone or Windflower. 


247. 


Pond Lily. 


248. 


Poppy. 


249. 


Violet. 


250. 


Flax. 


251. 


Storksbill. 


252. 


Apple. 


253. 


Pear. 


254. 


Mossy Stone Crop. 


255. 


Carrot. 


256. 


Honeysuckle. 


257. 


Cornflower. 


258. 


Bellflower. 


259. 


Heather. 


260. 


Blueberry. 


261. 


Primrose. 


262. 


Com f rev. 


263. 


Dodder. 


264. 


Potato. 


265. 


Toadflax. 


266. 


Mullen. 


267. 


Plaintain. 


268. 


Dutchman's Pipe. 


269. 


Spurge. 


270. 


I [ops. 



271. 


Hazelnut. 


272. 


Horsechestnut. 


273. 


"Willow. 


274. 


Spotted Orchid. 


275. 


Meadow Saffron, 


276. 


Fleur-de-lis. 


277. 


Fern. 


278. 


Mushroom. 



The Following" Larg"e Colored Charts 
Have Been Entered Under Re- 
spective Subjects. Collection 
Numbers Given Here Cor- ■ 
respond With Previous 
Listing - . 

COLLECTIONS 

4. Wheat. 

7. Rye. 

10. Oats and Meadowgrass. 

62. Pepper Plant. 

201. India Rubber Plant. 

COLLECT 1 OX 279. 

Fruit Growing". 

Ah muted colored postals, illustrating 
fruits and fruit growing of the Torrid 
Zone. 



27 

To the Teacher: — 

Use this blank pag-e to insert additional collections from 280 to 300, to he -iven 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. ° 



Page 27. 
COLLECTION 167-a. 

Large Colored Chart 

The Pine Tree. 

COLLECTION 198-a. 

Illustrations of Cork Industry. 

Stereoscopic Views. Various 
phases of the cork industry. 



28 



MOUNTED 
DOMESTIC BIRDS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Blanchan — Birds Every Child Should 
Know. 

Blanclian — Bird Neighbors. 

Baily — Our Own Birds. 

Chapman — Bird Life. 

Forbush — Useful Birds and Their 
Protection. 

Herrick— The Home Life of Wild 
Birds. 

Schneider — Bird and Nature Study 
Manual. 

Weed-Dearborn — Birds in Their Re- 
lation to Man. 

Manual for the American Bird and 
Nature Study Chart, found in every 
School. 

Birds, Loons and" Grebes. 

COLLECTIONS. 

300. Loon. Range from Gulf to Arc- 
tic Circle. Excellent swimmer and 
quick diver. Feeds on fish and other 
aquatic animals. 

301. Pied-billed Grebe. British 
America to Argentine Republic. Swims 
low in water and dives with great 
facility. Feeds on fish, mollusks, aquat- 
ic insects and some water plants. 

Birds: Gulls and Cormorants. 
COLLECTIONS. 

302. Herring Gull. Male and female. 
Atlantic coast from Maine northward. 
Follows ships, feeding on scraps thrown 
overboard. 

303. Double Crested Cormorant. Both 
hemispheres. Builds nest on rocky 
shores, rarely on trees. Feeds on 
fishes. 

304. Bonaparte's Gull. British Amer- 
ica. Winters south to Gulf of Mexico. 
Feeds on small fishes. 

305. Franklin's Gull. Also called 
Hooded Gull. An abundant North 
American Species. 

Birds: Terns. 

Terns or sea-swallows are plentiful 
on our shores of both salt and fresh, 
water. Breed on low-lying lands and 
make nests of sticks, moss and 
grasses. Feeds on small fish and aquat- 
ic insects. 



COLLECTIONS. 

306. Black Tern. Tropical and tem- 
perate America. Our common inland 
tern. 

307. Wilson's Tern. Eastern part of 
North America. 

Birds: Bucks. 

Feed in shallow water upon mollusks, 
crustaceans, insects and their larvae, 
and seeds and roots of aquatic plants. 
Mostly northern breeders. 

Birds: Fond and River Bucks. 

COLLECTIONS. 

308. Mallard Duck. Abundant from 
Central America to Canada on ponds 
covered with seed-bearing grasses. An- 
cestor of the domestic duck. 

309. Blue-winged Teal. Eastern North 
America. In Western States only as 
transient visitors during spring and 
summer months. Flesh highly prized. 

310. Shoveller or Spoonbill. North- 
ern hemisphere. Common in Mississippi 
valley. Winter home in Southern 
States. Flesh edible. 

311. Baldpate or Widgeon. Through- 
out North America. Winters in Central 
and Northern South America. Feeds 
on aquatic plants, insects and small 
mollusks. 

312. Black Duck. Eastern North 
America. Winters south of West In- 
dies. Looks very much like female of 
mallard duck. Feeds on mollusks, crus- 
taceans and insects, and seeds, and 
roots of aquatic plants. 

313. Pin Tail. Throughout North 
America. Winters from Central United 
States southward to the West Indies 
and Central America. Carnivorous. 

314. Wood Duck. North America. 
Winters in Southern States, Mexico and 
Central America. Woodland ponds and 
streams. 

315. Hooded Merganser. North 
America. Winters in Cuba and Mexico. 
Quiet streams, ponds or lakes. Hood 
disappears after breeding season. 

316. Green-winged Teal. North 
America. Breeds from Minnesota north- 
ward. Winters from Kansas and Vir- 
ginia southward to West Indies and 
Central America. Rapid flyer and quick 
diver. Piping note. In autumn, males 
are in separate flocks from females and 
young. 

317. Old Squaw. Northern parts of 
both hemispheres. Adult male remark- 
able for its long tail. 



29 



Birds: Sea Ducks. 
COLLECTIONS. 

318. American Merganser. North- 
ern part Of North America. Winters in 
Southern States and Cuba. Excellent 
diver. Feeds on fishes. 

319. Ring-necked Duck. North Amer- 
ica. Winters in Southern States. Feeds 
on shellfish. 

320. Ruddy Duck. Northern South 
America and United States. 

321. Buffle Head. Abundant in 
North America. 

322. Li(l«r Duck. Male and female. 
Arctic regions. Highly valued for its 
down which the female plucks from 
her breast and with which she lines the 
nest and covers the eggs. 

323. Flue Bill. Europe, Asia and 
North America. Found near mussel 
beds, feeding on mussels and other mol- 
lusks. 

Birds: Creese. 

COLLECTION 324. I 

Goose. 

Canada Goose. Temperate North 
America. Ancestor of Domestic Goose. 
Favorite Game Bird. 

COLLECTION 325. 
Illustrations of Geese. 

Large colored chart of the Goose. 

WADING BIRDS. 

Mostly belonging to Southern States 
Carnivorous, feeding upon crustaceans, 
mollusks, fish, worms, snails, etc. 

Birds: Herons and Bitterns. 
COLLECTIONS. 

326. Little Blue Keron. Abundant 
in the cypress swamps of the Southern 
States. 

327. Green Heron. Temperate and 
Tropical America. Food consists of 
fshes and reptiles. 

S28. Night Heron. Central and 
Southern States. Winters in South 
America. Nocturnal. Feeds on craw- 
fish, frogs, etc. 

329. American Bittern. Temperate 
regions of North America. Utters a 
loud, booming cry which can be heard 
at great distance. Habits and food 
much like the heron's. Very pugnacious- 



Birds: Ibis and Spoonbill. 
COLLECTIONS. 

330. Wood Ibis. Male and female. 
From Brazil to the Southern States. 
Found along banks of rivers, in 

'swamps and meadows. Feeds on 
worms, insects, and crustaceans. 

331. Roseate Spoonbill. Tropical and 
Subtropical America. Sea coast and 
mouth of rivers, where it feeds on 
fish, crustaceans, and other marine ani- 
mals, Immersing and swinging its 
spoonlike bill in quest of them. 

Birds: Bails, Coots, Etc. 

COLLECTIONS. 

332. Sora Rail. Central United 
States. Winters in Southern States and 
Central America. Frequents rice 
marshes. Protective coloration. Feeds 
on small snails, shells, and worms. 

333. Florida Gallinule. Tropical and 
Subtropical America. Common in 
Southern States. Flies with difficulty. 

334. American Avocet. Temperate 
regions of North America. Winters 
aleng the coast of Gulf of Mexico. 
Sea coasts and marshy lands. Long 
curved bill. Feeds on worms, insects, 
and small crustaceans. 

335. American Coot or Mud-Hen. 
Temperate regions of North America, es- 
pecially in marshes of Mississippi Val- 
ley. Nest very large, made of reed and 
water herbage. Feeds on mollusks and 
insects. 

Birds: Snipes, Plovers, Etc. 

COLLECTIONS. 

336. Wilson's Snipe. North America. 
Winters in Southern States.. Frequents 
fresh water marshes and meadows, 
using bill as mud borer. Largely noc- 
turnal. Swift flyer. Flesh excellent. 

337. Long-billed Curlew. , United 
States. Winters in Southern States. 
Feels on beetles, worms, grasshoppers, 
crabs and snails, probing into the mud 
with its long bill. 

338. Killdeer Plover. South America 
to Canada. Frequents pastures and cul- 
tivated fields, picking up grubs and 
worms from fresh soil. Swift flyer. 

Birds: Sandpipers, Etc. 
COLLECTIONS. 

339. Marbled Godwit. Temperate 



30 



North America. Marshy regions. Probes 
the soil with bill for food, consisting 
of mollusks and insects. Flesh very 
palatable. 

340. Spotted Sandpiper. North Amer- 
ica as far north as Hudson Bay Win- 
ters south to Brazil. On shores and 
banks of streams and ponds. 

341. Yellowlegs. North America as 
far as Arctic regions. Wet and marshy 
lands. Feeds on worms and insects. 
Quick, active, and noisy. 

342. Pectoral Sandpiper. or Grass 
Snipe. A characteristic American 
Species, comparatively large sized. 

313. Black-necked Stilt, .v rare bird 
in the Eastern United States, but abun- 
dant in some parts of the West. 

TERRESTRIAL BIRDS. 



Birds: Domestic Fowl. 

COLECTIONS. 

351. Domestic Fowl, male. Found in 
every country. 

352. Domestic Fowl, female. Found 
in every country. 



Birds: Pheasants. 
COLLECTIONS. 

353. Golden Pheasant. Native of 
China. Bred in various parts of the 
United States, especially Oregon. Feeds 
on insects, seeds, and grain. Flesh 
highly valued. 

354. Ring-necked Pheasant. Native 
of Eastern Asia. Introduced in the 
United states. Great destroyer of in- 
sects. F 1 and habits like those of 

i rolden l 'heasant. 



Protectively colored. Feet adapted 
for scratching. Feed on insects, wormsi 
and seeds. Do not migrate. Excellent 
game birds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

344. Bob White. Eastern and Cen- 
tral North America. Residen-t. Very 
useful to farmer, destroying large num- 
bers of injurious insects and weed seeds. 

345. Mountain Partridge. Northern 
Pacific Coast. Showing plumage in 
summer, fall and winter. 

346. California Quail. Male and fe- 
male. Northern Pacific Coast. Higher 
mountain ranges. Rapid runner. 

COLLECTION 347. 
Birds: Ostrich. 

SToung « »strich. California. Largest 
of birds. Swift runner. Gregarious. 

Adult from 6 to 8 feet high. Feathers 
highly valued. 

Birds: Grouse, Etc. 

COLLECTIONS. 

348. Ruffed Grouse. Eastern United 
State-. Gregarious. Produces loud, 

thumping noise- by striking wings. 
Feeds on insects, seels, berries, and 
buds. 

350. Prairie Hen. Central plains of 
North America. Much hunted for its 
excellent flesh. 



Birds: Boves, Figeons. 

COLLECTIONS. 

355. Mourning or Turtle Dove. Tem- 
perate regions of North America, east 
of Rocky Mountains. Feeds on seeds 
and grain, and frequents places where 
domestic birds are fed. 

356. Passenger Pigeon. The Com- 
mon wild pigeon of the United States 
(now almost extinct), called Passenger 
Pigeon because of its very extensive 
wanderings in search of food. 



Birds: Hawks. 

Carnivorous. Grasp prey, small mam- 
mals and birds, with talons, tearing them 
in pieces with bill. Swift flyers. Re- 
turn to same locality from year to year. 



Ci ELECTIONS. 

357. Red-shouldered Hawk. Eastern 
North America. In woods and near 
streams. Very useful to farmer. Feeds 
on frogs, worms, snakes and field mice, 
rarely on birds. 

358. Sparrow Hawk. North America 
from Gulf to Hudson Bay. Beneficial to 
farmer, destroying grasshoppers and 
field mice. Smallest of hawks. 

360. Red-tailed Hawk. Eastern North 
America. Great destroyer of noxious 
animals. Commonly but falsely called 
Chicken hawk. Rarely kills a chicken, 
is one of the farmer's best friends. 



31 



361. Ferruginous Roughleg. Western 
United States. Handsomest of Amer- 
ican hawks. Feeds on small gnawing- 
animals and grasshoppers; never at- 
tacks birdgi- 

362. Marsh Hawk. In all parts of 
America. 

363. Cooper's Hawk. The Chief rob- 
ber of our chicken yard. 

364. Sharp-shinned Hawk. North 
America. Very voracious and injurious, 
its principal food being song liirds. 

365. Swainson's Hawk. A prairie 
Bird, which is one of the farmer's best 
friends. 

366. American Goshawk. Woodland 
bird. Feeds on smaller birds. Very 
destructive to poultry and pigeons. 

COLLECTION. 
Birds: Eagles. 

367. Golden Eagle. All parts of 
North America. By preference a bird 
of the mountains. Very destructive to 
smaller animals. 

Birds: Owls. 

Carnivorous. Nocturnal. Pass the day 
in hollow trees or deserted buildings. 
Feed on small mammals, as mice, etc. 
Very useful to farmers. 

COLLECTIONS. 

368. Barn Owl. North America. Per- 
manently resident. Hidden during- the 
day in hollow tree, barn or stable. 

369. Short-eared Owl. Found every- 
where in America. Lives in grassy 
marshes, passing the day on the 
ground. Destroys large quantities of 
field mice. 

370. Screech Owl. Eastern North 
America. Smallest and best-known of 
American owls. Found about human 
dwellings, feeding on smaller mammals 
and insects. 

371. Barrel Owl. North America 
generally. Found in forests only. 

372. Long-eared Owl. Eastern North 
America. Conspicuous ear tufts. Lives 
in forests, . feeding upon birds and 
rabbits. 

373. Great Horned Owl. Variety of 
long-eared owl. Largest of all owls. 
Found only in the wilder and more 
heavily wooded parts of our country. 

374. Snowy Owl-. Canada. Winters 
in Northern United States. Woods near 
water. Diurnal. Feeds on mice and 
birds. 



375. Hawk Owl. North of the United 
States. Hunts prey by day. Resembles 
hawk in general form of body. 

376. Burrowing Owl. Prairies of 
Western North America. Nests in bur- 
rows made by mammals, especially 
prairie-dogs. Feeds on small rodents, 
reptiles, and insects. 

Birds: Woodpeckers. 

Migratory. Non-musical. Arrange- 
ment of toes adapted to climbing and 
creeping-. Feed on insects and their 
larvae, and tree-juices. 

COLLECTIONS. 

377. Red-headed Woodpecker. East- 
ern North America. Does not migrate 
if food is abundant. Stores acorns and 
beech nuts in hollow trees. 

378. Downy Woodpecker. Abundant 
in Eastern United States. Feeds on in- 
sects and the inner milky bark of 
trees. 

379. Hairy Woodpecker. Eastern Uni- 
ted States from Canada to South Caro- 
lina. Resident of deep woods. Very 
useful, ridding trees of injurious in- 
sects. 

380. Red-bellied Woodpecker. East- 
ern United States. Winters from Vir- 
ginia and Ohio southward. Builds nest 
in ehiseled-out hole in tree trunk. 

381. Sapsucker. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Southern States 
and Central America. Injurious to 
trees, puncturing them to feed upon the 
sap. 

382. Flicker. North America east of 
Rocky Mountains. Mostly on ground, 
feeding on ants. Very useful to farm- 
er. 

383. Pileated Woodpecker. North 
America. Rare in populous districts. 
One of the largest of woodpeckers. Fre- 
quents pine forests. 

384. Ivory-billed "Woodpecker. South- 
ern States. Pine forests. Very use- 
ful in destroying injurious insects. 

Birds: Kingfishers and Cuckoos. 

COLLECTIONS. 

385. Belted Kingfisher. North Amer- 
ica. Migratory. Winters from Virginia 
southward to South America. Wooded 
lakes and streams. Perches on branch 
of tree overhanging the water, watching 
for fish. Feeds also on fresh water 
mollusks and insects. 



32 



386. Yellow-billed Cuckoo. Temper- 
ate regions of North America. Winters 
in Central and South America. In tall 
shrubbery or low trees near running 
water. Very useful. Feeds on insects, 
caterpillars being its favorite food. 

387. Road-Runner. Texas and South- 
ern California. On ground. Seldom 
uses wings. Feeds upon mice, lizards, 
small snakes and insects. 



Birds : 



Humming - Birds, Chimney 
Swifts, Etc. 



COLLECTIONS. 

388. Humming Bird. Ninth America 
east of Mississippi. Winters in South 
ern States and Central America. Feeds 
on insects and juices of flowers. Feeds 
young by regurgitation. 

389. Chimney Swift. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Central America. 
Roosts in hollow trees, caves, and 
chimneys. Nocturnal. Feeds on in- 
sects. 

390. Night Hawk. North America, 
from Mexico to Arctic region. In 
trees and on ground. Not nocturnal, 
as its name would indicate. I eeds on 
insects. Gregarious. 

391. Whippoorwill. Eastern North 
America. Rocky, solitary woods. Noc- 
turnal. Peculiar sort of fly-trap 
mouth well adapted to catching insects. 
Very useful. 

Birds: Flycatchers, Kingbirds, etc. 

Songless perchers. Most abundant in 
the tropics. Frequent trees, hedges 

and fences. Li\e on insects, including 
moths and butterflies. Very useful. 

COLLECTIONS. 

392. King-bird. North America to 
Southern Canada. Winters in Central 
and South America. Found on tree 
branches watching for prey. Feeds 
upon injurious insects, rarely upon 
bees. Courageous. Attacks crows and 
hawks. 

393. Phoebe. Eastern North America. 
Winters in Southern States and Cuba. 
Builds nest on beam or rafter of shed, 
or under bridges. 

394. Crested Flycatcher. A bird ad- 
dicted to the habit of catching insects on 
the wing. Has a flattened bill, fur- 
nished with rictal bristles 

395. Arkansas King Bird. Western 
United States. Food and habits like 
those of King-bird. 



396. Wood Pewee. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Central America. 
In tall, shady trees. See Trowbridge's 
poem. 

Birds: Crows and Jays. 

Inhabit wooded regions. Songless 
perchers. Feed on fruits, seeds, in- 
sects, eggs and young birds in their 
nests. 

COLLECTIONS. 

397. Crow. North America. Winters 
in United States. Roosts in colonies. 
Very intelligent. Follows the plow, eat- 
ing larvae and worms, but feeds on 
eggs and young nestlings also. 

393. Blue Jay. Eastern North Amer- 
ica Not migratory. Noisy and vora- 
cious. Robs nests and destroys young 
birds. Buries nuts and hard seeds in 
the ground. 

399. Raven. Northern regions of 
North America, in forests and on cliffs. 
Cunning and mischievous. Feeds on 
grubs, worms, grain, and field mice. 
May be taught to speak. 

400. Prairie Horned Lark. Northern 
parts of North America, east of the 
Mississippi. Resident. Sings in mid- 
air on the wing. 

Birds: Blackbirds and Orioles. 

Feed on fruits, seeds. 



M [gratorj 

and insects. 



COLLECTIONS. 

401. Red-winged Blackbird. Eastern 
North America. Winters in Southern 
States. Found in low bushes or reeds 
in marshes. Feeds on wild rice, seeds 
and insects. 

402. Yellow-headed Blackbird. West- 
ern North America. Generally found 
in marshes, sometimes in company 
with cowbirds following cattle. No 
singer. 

403. Bronzed Grackle. United States 
Winters in lower Mississippi Valley. 
Feeds upon seeds, particularly corn, 
eggs, and young birds. 

404. Great-tailed Grackle. British Co- 
lumbia. Winters in Southern States. 
Found in prairies and bushy swamps. 

405. Purple Grackle. Gulf of Mex- 
ico to Labrador. Gregarious. Prefers 
dense pine forests. Feeds on grain, 
grasshoppers, young birds and eggs. 



33 



406. Meadowlark. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Southern States. 
Terrestrial Protectively colored. Mi- 
grates in flocks. Song bird. 

407. Baltimore Oriole. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Mexico and Cen- 
tral America. Feeds upon caterpillars 
and injurious insects. Highly prized 
for its beauty and song. 

408. Orchard Oriole. Common in tem- 
perate regions of the United States. 
Winters in Central America. In our 
orchards and about our homes. Much 
valued because of song, beauty, and 
insectivorous habits. 

409. Bobolink. Northern United 
States and Canada. Winters in eastern 
portion of Southern States and South 
America. Frequents open fields. Very 
injurious to rice fields. 

410. Cowbird. From Mexico to Brit- 
ish America. Winters in Central and 
Southern States. Walks about among 
cattle, picking up small insects dis- 
turbed by cows in grazing. 

Birds: Sparrows. 

Found in fields, pastures, groves, and 
shrubberies. Coloring adapted to sur- 
roundings. Bills conical, short and 
stout for cracking seeds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

411. Chipping Sparrow. Eastern 
North America. Winters in Southern 
States. Lives about our houses until 
fall, when it removes to weedy fields. 

412. English or House Sparrow. In- 
troduced from Europe in 1851. . Builds 
about houses, but visits grain fields, 
orchards, woods and marshes. Om- 
nivorous and highly injurious. 

413. Song Sparrow. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Southern States. 
On the ground or in bushes near the 
water. Valued for its sweet and 
sprightly song. 

414. Vesper Sparrow. North America. 
Winters south of Virginia. Open pas- 
ture lands. Mostly on ground. Fine 
singer. 

415. White-throated Sparrow. From 
Central Eastern North America to Lab- 
rador. Winters south to Florida. 
Most handsome of sparrows. Good 
singer. 

416. Tree Sparrow. North America 
west to plains. Winters in United 
States. Not in trees as name would 



indicate, but about shrubbery and on 
ground. Song soft and sweet. 

417. Le Cbnte's Sparrow. Northern 
States. Winters in Middle and South- 
ern States. Abundant in Mississippi 
Valley. 

418. Field Sparrow. Male and fe- 
male. Eastern North America, from 
Canada to Gulf. Scrubby pastures. 
Good singer. 

Birds: Pinches, Grosbeaks, Townees, 
etc. 

Fine songsters. Bills conical and 

heavy, well adapted for crushing of 

seeds. Remain with us from early 
spring till late fall. 



COLLECTIONS. 

419. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. East- 
ern North America. Winters in Cen- 
tral and South America. In tree or 
bush. Female of plain brown color. 
Destroys great numbers of potato bugs, 
but also feeds on peas. 

420. Evening Grosbeak! British 
America. Winters in interior of United 
States. Feeds on seeds and on buds of 
various trees. 

421. Blue Grosbeak. United States 
westward to Rocky Mountains and 
Mexico. Frequents roadside thickets 
and tall weeds. Feeds on seeds and 
kernels; fond of rice. Good singer. 

422. Indigo Bunting. Eastern United 
States. Winters in Central America. 
Female of dull brown color. Builds 
nest in bush near ground. Feeds on 
seeds, occasionally on insects. 

423. Goldfinch. Eastern North Amer- 
ica. Winters in United States, chang- 
ing plumage to brown color. Feeds on 
seeds of wild flowers, particularly of 
thistle. 

424. Purple Finch. North America. 
Most common in Middle and Eastern 
States. Gardens and orchards. Rather 
destructive to trees, being fond of 
fruit blossoms and tree buds. Fine 
singer. 

425. Cardinal. Eastern United States. 
Resident. Female olive brown. Builds 
in bushes near grain or corn fields. 

426. Slate-colored Junco. North 
America. Winters in Middle and Gulf 
States. Quite common in Mississippi 
Valley in winter in the company of 
sparrows. 



34 



427. Dickcissel. Eastern and Middle 
United States. Winters in Central and 
South America. Common 'in Mississippi 
Valley. 

428. Townee. North America south 
of Labador and east of Rocky Mount- 
ains. Found in swamps and bushy 
fields. Feeds on earthworms, larvae of 
insects, and berries. 

429. Lapland Longspur. Northern 
United States to Arctic regions. Win- 
ters as far south as Kansas and Rocky 
Mountains. Has long hind claw or 
spur. Ground bird. 

430. Red Crossbill. Northern States. 
Winters in pine forests of Southern 
States. Crossed bill fitted for extract- 
ing seeds from cones and fruits. Holds 
cone in its feet like parrot. 

Birds: Tanager, Martin, Waxwing. 
COLLECTIONS. 

431. Scarlet Tanager. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Central and 
South America. Female olive green. 
Inhabits forests. Feeds on seeds, fruits 
and insects. 

432. Purple Martin. North America, 
wintering in Central and South Amer- 
ica. When not flying perches on tele- 
graph wires and eaves of barns. Feeds 
on insects. 

433. Cedar Waxwing. North Amer- 
ica. Winters in United States. Wings 
furnished with red tips resemfcling 
sealing wax. Feeds on insects and wild 
berries. 



Birds: Swallows and Shrikes. 

COLLECTIONS. 

434. Shrike. Eastern North America. 
Resident. Bird of prey. Feeds on 
mice, small birds, snakes, and grass- 
hoppers. 

435. Barn Swallow. North America. 
Winters in tropical America. Insec- 
tivorous. Very useful. 

436. Cliff Swallow. North and South 
America, wintering in the tropics. Nest 
attached to a projecting cliff or cave in 
the west and the eaves of barns in the 
east. Live in colonies. 

437. Bank Swallow. Throughout 
North America, south of Hudson Bay. 
Frequents brooks cutting through sand 
near the sea. Nests in round hole 
bored into the sand. 



Birds: Vireos. 

Live in trees. Fine singers. Feed 
on insects, which they gather from 
branches, leaves, and fruit. 

COLLECTIONS. 

438. Yellow-throated Vireo. North 
America west to Rocky Mountains. 
Winters in tropical America. 

439. Bed-eyed Vireo. United States 
west to Rocky Mountains. Winters in 
Tropical America. 

Birds: Warblers. 

Distinctly American. Live in tree- 
tops. Migratory and gregarious. Fre- 
quently victims of lighthouses and 
electric lights. Feed on insects. 

COLLECTIONS. 

440. Parula Warbler. Eastern North 

America, wintering in the Southern 
States and Central America. In or- 
chards and gardens. 

441. Magnolia Warbler. Eastern 
North America. Winters in Central 
America and Cuba. Southern home in 
magnolia, northern in spruces and hem- 
locks. 

442. Y"ellow Warbler. North America 
• t Southwestern States. "Winters 

in Central America. Found in gar- 
dens, orchands, and brookside, Builds 
nest in low willow tree near streams. 

443. Nashville Warbler. North Amer- 
ica, wintering in Central America and 

0. In open woods, particularly in 
hemlock and pine trees. 

444. Kentucky Warbler. United 
States east of Rocky Mountains. Win- 
ters in Central America. Terrestrial 
In low, damp places in the woods. 

445. Black loll Warbler. North A- 
merica to Arctic regions. Winters south 
to South America. Often found in 
May in apple trees looking for insects 
in blossoms. 

446. Black and White Warble. 
Eastern United States and Canada. Win- 
ters in Tropical America. Runs up and 
down the trees, like Downy Wood- 
l ecker to look for insects. 

447. Prothonotary Warbler. Eastern 
tinted States. Quite abundant in Mis- 
sissippi Valley. 

448. Tennessee Warbler. Southern 
States. Habits like those of Nashville 
Warbler. 



35 



449. Cerulean Warbler. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Tropical America 
Abundant in Mississippi "Valley. Most- 
ly in tops of trees. 

450. Chestnut-sided Warbler. East- 
ern North America to Hudson Bay. Win- 
ters in Tropics. In gardens and or- 
chards. Very fond of ants. 

451. Blackburnian Warbler. Eastern 
North America. Winters in Tropical 
America. Most beautiful of warblers. 

452. Bay-breasted Warbler. Eastern 
North America and Canada. Nests 
north of United States. 

453. Trairie Warbler. Eastern United 
States. Winters in Central America 
ami (he West Indies. Prefers open 
country to the woods. 

454. Pine Warbler. North America 
east of Rocky Mountains to Manitoba. 
Winters in Southern States and the 
Bahamas. Only in pine woods. 

455. Palm Warbler. Common in Mis- 
sissippi Valley. Winters in Florida. 
Prefers fields and roadsides to woods. 

456. Canadian Warbler. United 
States and Canada. In low woods. 

457. Maryland Yellow Throat. East- 
ern North America and Canada. Win- 
ters in Central America. Marshy ground 
and scrubby pastures. Fine singer. 

453. Western Yellow Throat. A 
western species somewhat larger than 
the Maryland Yellow Throat. 

458a. Yellow-breasted Chat. Scolds 
those who intrude upon its haunts. 
Noted for the volubility and mimicry of 
its song. 

459. Ovenbird. United States and 
Can ifla. Winters in Southern States. 
Common summer resident. Mostly on 
ground in woods. Son? resembles the 
word "teacher." 

460. Redstart. United States and 
Canada. Very useful, destroying great 
quantities of caterpillars. Opens and 
shuts tail like fan. 

Birds: Thrasher, Mockingbird, Catbird. 
COLLECTIONS. 

461. Brown Thrasher. Eastern North 
America, wintering in the Southern 
States. Mostly on ground, feeding upon 
worms and insects. Fine songster. 

462. St. Lucas Thrasher. Pacific 
States. Common in Lower California. 
Fine singer. 

463. Mockingbird. United States. 
Resident. Excellent singer. Imitates 



song of other birds. Nests in thickets 
near the ground. Feeds on insects and 
berries. 

464. Catbird. United States and 
Canada. Winters in Southern States, 
Central America and West Indies. Sings 
beautifully, but also utters cat-like 
cry, which has given it its name. Com- 
mon summer resident. 

Birds: Wrens and Creepers. 
COLLECTIONS. 

465. Long-billed Marsh Wren. United 
States and Southern Canada. Winters 
in Southern States and Mexico. Com- 
mon in marshes, near brooks, and riv- 
ers. Very shy and retired. 

466. House Wren. One of our song- 
sters. Will return to the same nesting 
place year after year. 

467. Winter Wren. Appears when 
the House Wren departs for the South. 
Also a very melodious singer. 

468. Brown Creeper. Eastern United 
States and Canada. Winter resident in 
United States. Very useful. Climbs 
up trunk of tree in a sort of spiral in 
search of insects. 

Birds. Pipits and Onsels. 
COLLECTIONS. 

469. American Pipit. North America. 
Winters from Virginia south. Fre- 
quents salt marshes and open stretches 
of country. Likes to walk or run over 
the ground. Sings as it flies. 

470. Water Ousel. Western North 
America. Rapid streams in hilly coun- 
try. Found on stones in water bobbing 
up and down, looking for insects and 
small mollusks. 

Birds: Tit mice, Chicadees and King- 
lets. 

COLLECTIONS. 

471. Tufted Titmouse. Eastern Unit- 
ed States. Resident. Expert climber. 
In tops of pine trees. Feeds on insects 
and their larvae and beech nuts. 

472. Black-crested Titmouse. Texas 
and Mexico. Fo^d and habirs like 
those of Tufted Titmouse. 

473. Chickadee. Eastern North 
America. Resident. Well-timbered dis- 
tricts. Builds nest in hole or stump of 
tree. Very useful, destroying large 
quantities of injurious insects. 



36 



474. Chestnut-backed Chicadee. South- 
ern United States. Very useful, destroy- 
in • insects. 

475. Golden-crowned Kinglet. North 
America. "Winters from North Carolina 
to Central America. Gregarious. Gen- 
erally flitting about the ends of twigs 
peering at the bark for hidden insects. 
Fine songster. 

Birds: Nuthatches and Ornatcatchers. 
COLLECTIONS. 

476. White-breasted Nuthatch. East- 
ern United States to Canada. Resi- 
dent. Habits much like those of 
Brown Creeper. Runs up and down 
trees in search of spiders, eggs, lar- 
vae, etc. Very useful. 

477. Brown-headed Nuthatch. South- 
ern States. Common in pine forests. 
Food and habits like those of White- 
breasted Nuthatch. 

478. Gnatcatcher. United States and 
Canada. Winters in Mexico. In thick 
woodlands. Feeds on flies, gnats, and 
mosquitoes. 

Birds: Thrushes. 

Our finest songsters. Inhabit wood- 
lands. Migratory. Great destroyers of 
insects. Feed mostly on the ground. 

COLLECTIONS. 

479. Wood Thrush. Eastern United 
States. Winters in Central America. 
In maples and elms about human dwell- 
ings. Nest built in sapling near 
ground. 

480. Hermit Thrush. Eastern North 
America. Winters in Middle and 
Southern States. Smallest of Thrushes. 
In dense woods. One of the finest 
singers. 

481. Varied Thrush. Western parts 
of North America. Food and habits 
much like those of robin. 

482. Robin. Eastern North America 
to Rocky Mountains. Winters chiefly 
in Southern States. Best known of 
thrushes. Feeds on worms and fruits, 
particularly cherries. 

483. Bluebird. United States. Win- 
ters in Southern States. Builds about 
our homes. Decreasing because of per- 
secution by English sparrow. 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
BIRDS. 

COLLECTIONS. 

484. Stereoscopic views illustrative 
of Bird Life. 

485. Photographs illustrative of Os- 
trich Life. 

486. Stereoscopic views illustrative 
of Ostrich Life. 

487. Colored Post Cards illustrative 
of Bird Life. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OP BIRDS. 

Large Colored Charts Illustrating- the 
Life of Some of the Large Birds. 

COLLECTIONS. 



488. 


' 'st rich. 


4E9. 


Pelican. 


490. 


Swan. 


491. 


Turkey. 


492. 


Stork. 


492a. 


Eagle's Nest. 


493. 


Owl. 


494. 


Ringnecked Pheasant. 


495. 


Crow. 


496. 


Woodpecker. 


497. 


Rooster. 


498. 


Rooster, Hen and Chicks. 



Small colored charts, illustrative of 
Bird Life. 

COLLKC'I'H »N 499. 
Illustrations of Birds: Ducks. 

1 and 2. Mallard Duck, male and fe- 
male. 

3. Baldpate. 

4. Green-winged Teat. 

5. Blue-winged Teal. 

6 and 7. Wood Duck, Male and Fe- 
male. 

8. Canvasback. 

COLLECTION 500. 

Illustrations of Birds: Wading Birds. 

1. Great Blue Heron. 

2. King Rail. 

3. Sora Rail. 

i. Greater Yellow-legs. 
5. Dowitcher. 

COLLECTION £01. 

Illustrations of Birds: Wading Birds. 

1. "Wilsons Snipe. 

2. Golden Plover. 

3. Upland Plover. 

4. Black-bellied Plover. 



37 



COLLECTION 502. 

Illustrations of Birds: Terrestrial 
Birds. 

1 and 2. Ring-necked Pheasant, Mai 
and Female. 

3. Ruffed Grouse. 

4. Spruce Grouse. 

5. "Wood Cock. 

6. Quail. 

COLLECTION 503. 

Illustrations of Birds: Woodpeckers. 

r Pileated Woodpecker. 
"^ Downy Woodpecker. 

COLLECTION 504. 

Illustrations of Birds: Night Hawks. 

1. / Ni » h 
\ Whi] 

COLLECTION 505. 



Night Hawk. 
Lppoorwill. 



Illustrations of Birds: Hawks and 
Owls. 



1. 



j Ued- 
[ Cooj 



Red-tailed Hawk. 
p'er's Hawk. 
2. Screech Owl. 



COLLECTION 506. 

Illustrations of Birds: Cuckoos and 

Xing-fishers. 

f F/ack-billed Cuckoo. 
"[ Ka mailed Cuckoo. 
2. Belted Kingfisher. 

COLLECTION 507. 
Illustrations of Birds: Flycatchers, etc. 

I Kins - Bird. 
| Phoebe. 
f Tree' Sparrow, 
j Snowflake. 

COLLECTION 508. 

Illustrations of Birds: Nuthatches, 
Thrushes, etc. 

r Nuthatch. 

i Chicadee. 

Brown Creeper. 

Golden-crowned Knight. 

Ruby-throated Knight. 
J Wood Thrush. 
\ Hermit Thrush. 
f Cedar Waxwing. 
\ Red-eyed Vireo. 



MOUNTED 
FOREIGN BIRDS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Hornaday — American Natviral History. 
Newton — Dictionary of Birds. 
Wood — Popular Natural History. 

Foreign Birds: Ducks. 

COLLECTIONS. 

509. Mandarin Duck (Aix galericu- 
lata) China. Handsome plumage or 
male lost during lour months of year 
when the bird assumes a plain-tinted 
dress resembling that of its mate. 

Previously listed as 322. 

• Eider Duck (Somateria mollissima). 
Boreal regions. Low, rocky islands 
near the coast. Highly valued for its 
down, which the female plucks from 
lifer breast and witli which she lines the 
nest and covers the eggs. 

Foreign Birds: Wading Birds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

510. Chestnut-flanked Rail (Amauror- 
nis phoenacura.) Eastern Asia. In 
swamps and marshes. 

511. Stint or Sandpiper (Tringa paci- 
fica). Eastern Asia. Protective color- 
ation. 

512. Lapwing (Vanellus cristatus). 
Tempe ate regions of Old World. Very 
useful to farmer, destroying grubs, 
worms, slugs and insects. Excellent 
flesh. 

513. Wattled Lapwing. (Lobi vanellus 
cinencis ) Eastern Asia. Food and 
habits like those of common lapwing. 

Foreign Birds: Terrestrial Birds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

514. Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus al- 
bus). Whole continent of Europe and 
Asia. Protective coloration. Higher 
levels and lower mountain slopes in- 
terspersed with willows and birches. 

515. European Partridge (Perdix- 
cinerea). Prefers open ground and of- 
ten nests in exposed places. It feeds 
on slugs, caterpillars and grubs. 

516. Black Grou-e (Tetrao tetrix). 
Wide range on European Continent. 
Heaths and pinewoods. Not migra- 
tory. Feels on insects, worms and 
seeds. 



38 



517. Blood Pheasant (Itaginis sinen- 
sis). Himalayas at height of from 
10,000 to 14,000 feet. Burrows under 
the snow for protection in winter. Feeds 
on tops of juniper and pine, berries and 
moss. 

Foreign Birds: Owls. 

COLLECTIONS. 

518. Dwarf Owl (Scops gin). 
Southern Europe. Winters south of 
Mediterranean. Smallest of European 
owls. 

519. Woodcock Owl (Otus brachyo- 
tus.) Europe, Asia, North Africa, and 
America. Frequents heaths and moors. 

520. Tengualm Owl (Strix tengualmi). 
Europe and America. In pine forests. 

521. Little Owl (Strix noctua.) Great- 
er part of Europe. Very voracious, eat- 
ing the same food as its large rela- 
tives. Easily tamed. 

522. Eagle Owl (Bubo maximus.) 
Northern parts of Europe. Largest of 
owls. Feeds on larger birds and ro- 
dents. 

523. Ural Owl (Strix uralensis.) Cold- 
er regions of Europe and Asia. Food 
and hatiits much like those of tuagle 
Owl. 

Foreign Birds: Woodpeckers. 
COLLECTIONS. 

524. Gray Woodpecker (Picus canus.) 
Europe and Eastern Asia. Spends much 
of its time on ground spearing ants 
with its wormlike barbed tongue. 

525. Green Woodpecker. (Gecenus 
viridis.) Europe, India, and China. 
Three-toed. Habits like those of 
Gray Woodpecker. 

526. Orange Woodpecker. Brach- 
ypternus aurantius. Java. 

Foreign Birds: Kingfishers. 
COLLECTIONS. 

527. European Kingfisher. (Alcedo 
ispida.) Middle Europe. Near streams. 
Feeds on small fish, crabs, and insects. 
Digs hole in bank of streams for its 
nest. 

528. Asiatic Kingfisher. (Ceryle var- 
ius), male and female. China. Feeds 
on fish, lizards, and insects. 

529. Crested Kingfisher. Central 
America. Larger than European and 
Asiatic Kingfishers. 



Foreign Birds: Boilers and Motmots. 
COLLECTIONS. 

530. Common Roller (Coracias gar- 
rula). Central Europe. Has its name 
from its peculiar flight. Often turns 
over in the air while flying. Nocturnal. 
Feeds on insects. 

531. Broadbilled Roller. (Eurystho- 
mus orientalis.) Australia and Austro- 
Malayan regions. Food and habits like 
those of Common Roller. 

532. Mexican Motmot. Dense forests 
of Mexico. Perched on trees during 
the day. In Hie morning and evening 
in pursuit of prey, which consists of in- 
sects, lizards, and small birds. 

Foreign Birds: Trogons. 
COLLECTIONS. 

533. Resplendent Trogon, or Quesal, 
(Pharomacrus mocinno.) Tropical Amer- 
ica. One of the most beautiful birds. 
Dense forests. Feeds on fruits, ber- 
ries, and insects. 

534. Green Trogon. (Trogon viridis). 
Central and South America. Feeds on 
fruit and insects. Breeds in abandoned 
woodpecker holes. 

535. Mexican Trogon. (Trogon mexi- 
canus.) Food and habits like those of 
Green Trogon. 

53fi. Coppery-tailed Trogon, a species 
of Trogon extending over the Mexican 
border up into Arizona. 

Foreign Birds: Barbets or Fuffbirds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

537. Crimson-Crested Barbet. (Megal- 
aema vireus.) India and Ceylon. Puffs 
out its plumage forming ball of feath- 
ers. Solitary and melancholy bird. Feeds 
on insects. 

538. Green Barbet. (Chotorrhea 
versi-color.) Asiatic Islands. Food and 
habits like those of Crimson-crested 
Barbet. 

COLLECTION 539. 

Foreign Birds: Hoopoe. 

Common Hoopoe. (Upupa epops.) 
Widely distributed over Europe, Asia 
and Africa. Marshy places in neighbor- 
hood of woods. Feeds on insects on 
ground. Peculiar habit of constantly 
nodding head. 



39 



Foreign Birds: Parrots. 
COLLECTIONS. 

540. Gray Parrot. Native of West- 
ern Africa. One of the most common 
of parrots. Very docile. Easily learns 
to speak and whistle. 

541. Green Parrot, (Chrysotis jesti- 
vus.) Native of South America. Fre- 
quents banks of Amazon. Not as apt 
to learn to talk as the Gray Parrot. 

542. Whiteheaded Parrot. (Psittacus 
leucocephalus.) South America. Easily 
tamed. Talkative and great imitator of 
voices of animals. 

543. Yellow-headed Parrot. South 
America. Very beautiful, but unable to 
learn to talk; oniy utters harsh scream. 

Foreign Birds: Parrakeets and Cock- 
atoos. 

COLLECTIONS. 

544. Warbling Grass Parrakeet. 
(Melopsittacus undulatus.) Australia. 
In large flocks. Feeds on seeds of 
grasses. Instead of screech utters soft 
warbling notes. 

545. Rose-ringed Parrakeet. (Palaeor- 
nis torquatus.) Eastern Asia. Very 
beautiful, but rarely learns to speak. 

546. Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, (Ca- 
catua galerita.) Australia. In large 
flocks. Very injurious because of its 
devastation among crops. Easily tamed. 

Foreign Birds: Toucans. 

COLLECTIONS. 

547. Yellow-throated Toucan. (Rham- 
pastos tucanus.) Central and South 
America. Lives in considerable flocks in 
forests. Omnivorous, feeding mostly on 
fruit. Builds nest in hollows of trees. 

548. Ariel Toucan. Brazil. Food and 
habits like those of Yellow-throated 
Toucan. 

Foreign Birds: Bee-eaters and Fly- 
catchers. 

COLLECTIONS. 

549. Bee-eater. (Merops apiaster.) 
Feeds om'bees, wasps, and similar in- 
sects. Exceedingly injurious. Flesh 
palatable. 

550. Paradise Fly-catcher. (Terpsi- 
phone princeps.) Eastern Asia, princi- 
pally Japan. Plumage of male be- 
comes generally white during part of 
year. 



Foreign Birds: Crows and Jays. 
COLLECTIONS. 

551. European Jay. (Garrulus glan- 
darius.) Common throughout Europe. 
Inhabits dense forests. Feeds on fruits 
and insects. Mimics voices of other 
animals. 

552. Red-billed Magpie. (Urocissa 
erythorryncha.) Himalaya Mts. Feeds 
on fruits and insects, and sometimes 
smaller birds. 

553. Asiatic Jay. (Dendrocissa sin- 
ensis.) Eastern Asia. Food and habits 
like those of European Jay. 

COLLECTION 554. 

Foreign Birds: Drongos. 

Drongo. (Chibia hottentotta.) Male 
and female. Africa and Eastern Asia. 
Frequents gardens and forests, usually 
in pairs. Feeds on insects of all kinds. 
Active and pugnacious. 

Foreign Birds: Starlings. 

COLLECTIONS. 

555. Crested Starling or Myna. 
(Acridotheres cristatellus.) China and 
India. 

556. Red billed Starling. (Spodiopsar 
cineraceus.) Eastern Asia. 

Foreign Birds: Orioles and G-rackles. 
COLLECTIONS. 

557. Golden Oriole. (Oriolus Kindoo.) 
India. Outskirts of forests. Very timid. 
Utters loud, plaintive cry. Feeds on 
fruit and insects. 

558. Minor Grackle. (Gracula minor.) 
Asiatic Islands. Special favorite in 
China. Feeds on insects and fruits. Very 
fond of cherries and grapes. 
Foreign Birds: Sparrows and Buntings. 

COLLECTIONS. 

559. Red Sparrow. ("Sparrow rut- 
ilans.) Eastern Asia. Food and habits 
like those of American sparrows. 

560. Asiatic Yellow Hammer. (Em- 
beriza Aureola.) Male and female. 
Pleasing singer. Feeds on grains, 
seeds, and insects. 

561. Gold Bunting. (Emberlza ele- 
gans.) Eastern Asia. Food and habits 
like those of Yellow Hammer. 



40 



Foreign Birds: Pinches and Warblers. 

COLLECTIONS. 

562. Rose Finch. (Carpodacus erythri- 
nus.) Eastern Asia. Good singer. 
Feeds on buds, berries, and insects. 

563. Green Finch. (Chloris sinica.) 
Europe and Eastern Asia. 

564. Bush Warbler. (Cettia sinensis.) 
China and India. 

Foreign Birds: Tanagers and Shrikes. 
COLLECTIONS. 

565. Black Tanager. (Tachyphonus 
Melaneus.) Male and female. Costa 
Rica. Inhabits forests. Feeds on seeds, 
grains, and fruit 

566. Spotted Shrike. (Lanius tigris.) 
Eastern Asia. Bird of prey. Feeds /on 
mice, small birds, and snakes. 

COLLECTION 567. 

Foreign Birds: Wrens. 

Willow Wren. (Phyllosocopis Fringu- 
lus.) Eastern Asia.. Restless and grace- 
ful. Good singer. 

Foreign Birds: Titmice. 

COLLECTIONS. 

568. Coal Titmouse. (Parus ater.) 
Throughout Europe. Roves from tree to 
tree in search of insects and seeds. 

569. Little Titmouse. (Parus minor.) 
China. Food and habits like those of 
American Titmice. 

570. Bottle 'i'ii use. ( Accredula con- 

cinna.) Europe and Northern Asia. 
These birds have notes, on the sound 
nf which they assemble. 

571. Asiatic Titmouse (Suthera 
suffusa.) Eastern Asia. 

Foreign Birds: Titlark and White-eye. 
COLLECTION S. 

572. White-Eye. (Zosterops sim- 
plex.) India and China. Inhabit woods 
and thickets, feeding on worms, in- 
sects and fruit. Active and pugnacious. 

573. Titlark or Pipit. (Anthus macu- 
latus.) Eastern Asia. Frequents stony 
and arid slopes, feeding on worms, 
slugs, and insects. 

574. English Robin or Robin Red- 
breast. Temperate regions of Europe. 
Must not be confounded with Amer- 
ican Robin. Excellent singer. 



Foreign Birds: Thrushes. 
COLLECTIONS. 

575. Black Thrush. (Merula Man- 
drina.) Europe and Asia. Frequents 
hedges, thickets and gardens. Feeds on 
larvae, snails, worms, insects, and 
fruits. Imitates notes of other birds. 

576. Rufous-tailed Thrush. (Merula 
Pallida.) Male and female. Eastern Asia. 
Good singer. 

577. Ground Thrush. (Geocichla sibi- 
rica.) Eastern Asia. Terrestrial. In- 
sectivorous. 

578. Rock Thrush. (Rhyacornis Ful- 
gurosa.) Eastern Asia. Builds nests in 
crevices of rocks. High mountains in 
summer, lower slopes in winter. Feeds 
on insects and fruits.. 

579. White-headed Thrush. (Chim- 
marrhorriis Leucocephalus.) Eastern 
Asia. 

580. Song Thrush. (Stachyrodopis 
Rubiceps.) Europe and Asia. Woods and 
meadows, near streams. Excellent sing- 
er. 

581 Bushchat. (Pratincola Maura.) 
China and India. Very noisy and act- 
ive. Inhabits pine forests. Feeds on 
snails, slugs, and insects. 

582. Fruit Thrush. (Pycnonotus Sin- 
ensis.) Male and female. Easily tamed. 

Foreign Birds: Bnlbuls- 

Bulbuls a branch of the Thrush fam- 
ily, belong chiefly to India, although 
some are found in Africa. Inhabit 

woods, jungles and gardens. Feeds on 
fruits and seeds, occasionally o.n in- 
sects. Good singers. 

COLLECTIONS. 

583. Crested Bulbul. (Otocompsa. 
Emeria.) 

584. White-headed Bulbul. (Hypsipe- 
tes leucocephalus.) China and India. 

585. Shortwinged Bulbul. (Hemixus 
ornensis and canipennis.) China and 
India- 
Foreign Birds: Babblers. 

Small, noisy, gregarious birds, be- 
longing to Asia and Australia. Live in 
forests, feeding on insects. Sweet sing- 
ers. Some imitate other birds. 

COLLECTIONS. 

586. Blue Babbler. (Dryonastes Ber- 
tynii and perpicellatus.) Eastern Asia. 



41 



587. Twittering Babbler. (Alceppe 
hucti.) China and India. 

588. Long-billed Babbler. (Pomator- 
rhinus rupicellis.) Eastern Asia. 

589. Crimson Babbler. (Throchalop- 
terum elliotti.) Eastern Asia. 

590. Hook-billed Babbler. (Myiopho- 
neus caeruleus.) Asia. 

Foreign Birds: Dayal' and Pitta. 
COLLECTIONS. 

591. Dayal or Magpi Robin. Asia. 
Abundant in Ceylon. Inhabits wooded 
country. Chiefly on ground feeding on 
worms and insects. 

592. Pitta or Ant Thrush. (.Pitta 
maclotti. ) Tropical regions of both 
hemispheres. Feeds on insects, prefer- 
ably ants. 



Foreign Birds: 



Chachalaca and Prairie 
Hen. 



COLLECTIONS. 

593. Chachalaca. A gallinaceous 
bird, easily domesticated; range through- 
out Texas and South America. 

594. Prairie Hen. Similar in habits, 
coloration and form to American 
Prairie Hen. Native of China. 

Foreign Birds: Thrushes, Finches, etc. 

COLLECTIONS. 

595. Asiatic Babbling Thrush. Va- 
rious species found in the Himalayas, 
China and Formosa. 

596. Brambling or Mountain Finch. 
Closely related to and resembling the 
Chaffinch. 

597. Asiatic Warbler. (Suya Cring- 
era,) found in the Himalayas and Su- 
matra. 

Miscellaneous Chinese Birds, Resem- 
bling Their American Relatives in 
Habits, Form and Color. 

Foreign Birds: (China.) 

COLLECTIONS. 

598. Jay. 

599. Cuckoo. 

600. Thrush. 

601. Bobolink. 

602. Titmouse. 

603. Bunting (Brown). 

604. Indigo Bunting. 



COLLECTION 605. 
Foreign Birds: Heads. 

Group of mounted Birds' Heads, as- 
sorted with view of studying structure 
of various Bills. 

Duck — goose — coot — ruff (sandpiper 
family) — hawk — owl — crow — blue jay 
— pigeon — thrush — bee-eater. 

COLLECTION 606. 

Foreign Birds: Feet. 

Group of mounted Birds' Feet, as- 
sorted to show structure of typical 
Swimmers, Waders, Scratchers, l erch- 
ers, Birds of Prey, etc. 

COLLECTION 607. 

Foreign Birds: Wings. 

Group of mounted Birds' Wings, 
showing various characteristics of 
structure adapted to use. 

COLLECTION 608. 

Foreign Birds: Tails. 

Group of mounted Birds' Tails, show- 
ing various characteristics of structure 
adapted to use. 

Miscellaneous Bird Nests, Collected 

After the Nesting Season, or After 

Desertion by the Parent Birds. 

Birds: Nests. 

COLLECTIONS. 

609. Robin's nest. 

610. Baltimore < >riole's nest. 

611. Orchard < >riole's nest. 

612. Wren's nest. 

613. Chipping Sparrow's nest. 

614. House Sparrow's nest. 

615. Field Sparrow's nest. 

616. Pewee's nest. 

617. Catbird's nest. 

618. Blackbird's nest. 

619. Blue Jay's nest. 

620. Skylark's nest. 

621. Kingbird's nest. 

622. Crow's nest. 

623. Nest of Tailor-bird. The bird 
stitches together the edges of leaves 
with threads taken from palm leaves to 
sustain its nest of grass, cotton, wool, 
or hair. 



42 



To the Teacher: 



Use this blank page to insert additional collections 624 to 650, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. . 



Page 42. 

large Colored Charts Illustrating COLLECTION 367-a. 

the life of Some of the Bald Eaffle . 

Large Birds. 

The Bald Eagle is represented 
328-a. Great Heron. in tne coat of arms and on the 

343-a. Flamingo. coins of the United States. 

COLLECTION 347-a. 
Ostrich Egg. 



Ostrich Eggs are of great size, 
averaging three pounds each. 



43 



INSECTS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Comstock — Manual for the Study of 
Insects. 

Comstock — Insect Life. 

Holtz— Nature Study. 

Hodge — Nature Study and Life. 

Howard — Insects. 

Jacknian — Nature Study. 

Wilson — Nature Study. 

INSECTS AND THEIR NEAR 
RELATIVES. 

•COLLECTION 650. 
Araclmidae : Spiders. 

1. Garden Spider. Found in large 
numbers in the gardens of the tem- 
perate regions of Europe and North 
America. Constructs a web, with radi- 
ating threads, in which it catches its 
prey. 

2. Millipede. Lives in damp places 
and feeds on decaying matter, rarely 
upon growing plants. Europe and 
North America. 

3. Giant Centipede. Tropical coun- 
tries. Poisonous. Lives under stones, 
logs, and barks. Feeds on insects. 

4. Harvestman. Common in most 
parts of the United States and Central 
Europe. Feeds on small insects. Per- 
fectly harmless. 

5. Scorpion. Nocturnal. Feeds upon 
spiders and other large insects. Sting 
poisonous. Warm countries. Common 
in southern part of United States. 

6. Tarantula. Giant spider. Does not 
construct true web, but digs long tubes 
in the earth, which it lines with silk. 
Sting extremely poisonous. Tropical 
countries. 

7. Nest of Trap-door Spider and 
Spider. Southern and Southwestern 
States. Digs tubes lined with layer of 
silk and provided with hinged lid in the 
ground. Hides in this nest to catch its 
prey. 

COLLECTION 651. 

Illustrations of Spiders. 

Colored chart representing spider and 
web. 



COLLECTION 652. 
Hemiptera: Half- winged Insects. 

1. Backswimmer. Floats on the sur- 
face of water, back downward. Feeds 
upon insects and other small animals. 
Inflicts painful stings with its sharp 
beak. 

2. Water Scorpion. Lives among 
rubbish or on the stems of water 
plants, in ponds or in the quiet parts 
of our streams. Carnivorous. 

3. Water Strider. Found on quiet 
streams and ponds on the surface of 
which it can move along rapidly. Feeds 
on smaller insects. 

4. Cicada or Dogday Harvest Fly. 
Requires two years for its develop- 
ment. Larvae live on the juices from 
the roots of trees. 

5. Giant Waterbug. Eastern United 
States. Very common. In quiet pools. 
Sucks blood of small aquatic animals. 
Attracted by electric lights. 

6. Wheelbug. Southern States and 
Mexico. Very useful. Feeds on small- 
er injurious insects. Frequently found 
on cotton plants, which it protects by 
destroying its enemies. 

7. Lantern-Fly. Brazil. Resembles 
butterfly. Phosphorescent. Emits beau- 
tiful light. Ladies fasten it in their 
hair as ornament. Lives among orchids, 
feeding on vegetable matter. 

COLLECTION 653. 
Neuroptera: Nerve-winged Insects. 

1. Lace-winged-fly or Aphis-lion. 
Found on the leaves of shrubs and 
trees. Feeds on small insects. Espe- 
cially destructive to plant-lice. 

2. Ant-lion. Lives in sandy places. 
Forms funnel-shaped pits in the sand 
in which it catches its prey, the ant. 

3. Caddice-fly. Common in the vi- 
cinity of streams, ponds and lakes. 
Builds nests of sticks and straw fast- 
ened together by silk which the larvae 
spin from the mouth. Feeds on small 
insects. 

4. Dragon-fly. Darts back and forth 
over streams and wet places. Feeds on 
flies, gnats and mosquitoes. 

5. Damsel-fly. Variety of dragon-fly. 

6. May-fly. Found near rivers and 
lakes. In the larva and pupa state 
it lives a year or more in the water. 
Existence in the adult state very brief. 



44 



7. Dobson-fiy. North America. In 
rapid, rock-bottomed streams. On 
land only by night. Much used as 
bait. Feeds on small aquatic worms 
and larval insects. 



COLLECTION 654. 
Dipt era: Flies. 

1. House-fly. The most familiar of 
the diptera. Abounds in our dwellings. 

2. Mosquito. Larva aquatic. Feeds 
on decaying matter in water. Female 
adult sucks blood, while male is said 
to feed on sweets of flowers. 

3. Drone-fly. Common about flowers. 
Larva lives in foul water, feeding on 
decaying vegetable matter. 

4. Common Horse-fly. North Amer- 
ica. Female annoys animals by its 
bite. Male harmless, feeding on juices 
of plants and trees. Larvae live in 
the earth or in water, feeding upon 
soft-bodied insects and water snails. 

5. Brown Horse-fly. Food and hab- 
its like those of common horse-fly. 

6. Robber-fly. Widely distributed. 
Most predacious of all insects. Catches 
and feeds on insects of all kinds, even 
its own species. 

7. Crane-fly. Larvae live in the 
earth, in decomposing wood, or upon 
leaves of plants. Destroy grass and 
grain by injuring the roots. Adult 
flies are found in pastures and woods 
in late summer. 

8. Blow-fly. Larvae found in meat 
and dead animals. Adult lives im ani- 
mal matter exclusively. Destroys the 
Rocky Mountain locust. 

COLLECTION 655. 
Coleoptera: Beetles. 

1. Ground-beetle. Surface of the 
ground, lurking under stones or rub- 
bish. Feeds upon other insects. 

2. Searcher Ground-beetle. On sur- 
face of ground, feeding upon other in- 
sects. Climbs trees in search of cater- 
pillars. 

3. Diving-beetle. Abounds in streams 
and ponds, floating in inclined position, 
head downward. Feeds upon other in- 
sects and attacks small fish. 

4. Carrion-beetle. On the ground. 
Feeds upon decaying animal matter, 
but also upon living insects and snails. 



5. Burying or Sexton-beetle. Buries 
dead birds, mice, etc. Female lays eggs 
on the carrion, upon which the larvae 
feed. 

6. Rove-beetle. Found upon the 
ground under stones and other objects. 
Feeds upon decaying animal and vege- 
table matter. 

COLLECTION 656. 
Coleoptera: Beetles. 

1. Common Stag-beetle. 

2. Giant Stag-beetle. Found on 
trunk of trees. Live upon sap of trees 
and decomposing wood. 

3. May-beetle or June-bug. Appears 
in large numbers in May and June. 
Does much injury by eating the foliage 
of trees. 

4. Rose-beetle. Appears in early 
summer. Does much injury to roses 
and other flowers, shrubs and fruit 
trees. 

5. Darkling-beetle. Found near de- 
caying trees in dry and warm regions. 
Feeds upon decomposed wood. 

COLLECTION 657. 
Illustrations of Beetles. 
Colored chart, May-beetle. 

COLLECTION 658. 

Coleoptera: Beetles. 

1. Tiger-beetle. Southern Atlantic 
States. Concealed under logs and bark 

lay. Very predaceons. Larvae live 
in holes in the ground. 

2. Dung-beetle. North America. 
Groundrbeetle. Lives on manure. 

3. Black Ground-beetle. On the 
ground, concealed under boards and 
stones during day. At night in search 
of prey, consisting of ants and other 
insects. 

4. Blister-beetle. So called because 
dried bodies are used for making blis- 
ter plasters. Feeds on leaves of po- 
tato and other plants. 

5. Rhinoceros-beetle. Male has horn 
in middle of head. Larva lives on de- 
caying wood. Adult feeds on sap of 
trees. 

6. Hercules-beetle. Tropical Amer- 
ica. One of the largest of insects. 
Food and habits like those of Rhi- 
noceros-beetle. 



45 



COLLECTION 659. 
Coleoptera: Long-horn Beetles. 

1. Hickory Borer. Larva armed with 
sharp teeth fitted for boring into hard 
wood. Does much damage to hickory 
trees. Beetle feeds on pollen of golden 
rod and other plants. 

2. Mottled Longhorn-beetle. Bores 
into pine trees, doing much injury. 

3. Spotted or Milkweed-beetle. Larva 
devours the roots of milkweed, while 
beetle feeds on leaves of it. 

4. Violet-beetle. Larva found in 
wood of conifers. 

COLLECTION 660. 
Hymenoptera. 

1. Saw-fly. The saws on the abdo- 
men of female used to make slits in 
leaves in which eggs are deposited. 
Feeds upon leaves of various trees. 

2. Rose Gall-fly. Forms gall by 
puncturing the stem of the sweetbrier. 
Gall consists of a large number of ker- 
nels, in each of which a gall-fly is de- 
veloped. 

3. Red Wood-ant. Builds large ant 
hills in the forests. Lives upon all 
sorts of animal and vegetable matter. 

4. Hornet. Builds nest of horizontal 
combs suspended one above the., other 
and enveloped by a paper-like cover- 
ing. Feeds upon insects, sweets of flow- 
ers, and juices of fruits. Sting very 
painful. 

5. Hornet's nest. 

6. Bumblebee. Builds nest in the 
ground in meadows. Bumblebee comb 
irregular, consisting of cocoons vacated 
by the young bees. 

7. Wasp's nest. (Paper Wasp.) 

COLLECTION 661. 
Hymenoptera. 

1. Honey Bee. Lives in communities 
consisting of three classes, queen, 
males and drones. Secretes wax from 
which cells are made. Highly valued 
for the honey they produce. 

2. Brazilian Bee. Stingless. In 
large colonies. Builds in hollow trees. 

3. Digger Wasp or Cicada-Killer. 
Largest and most ferocious wasp. Bur- 
rows deep hole in ground. Feeds on 
cicadas or harvest flies. 



4. Mud-wasp. Builds cells of clay 
in all sorts of secluded places. Cells 
are provisioned with spiders, flies, and 
caterpillars. 

5. Nest of Mud-wasp. 

IlUistrations of Hymenoptera. 

COLLECTIONS. 

662. Chart illustrating life of Honey 
Bee. 

683. Chart illustrating life of Wood 
Ant. 

COLLECTION 664. 
Orthoptera: Straight-winged Insects. 

1. Cockroach. Lives in cracks about 
the kitchen. Feeds upon almost any- 
thing especially provisions of the 
household, leaving an unpleasant odor 
upon them. 

2. Grasshopper. Appears in great 
numbers in every region where plants 
grow and does much damage. 

3. Katydid. Common in the United 
States during autumn. Lives on trees 
only, feeding on leaves. Its chirping 
is produced by the rubbing of a rough- 
ened file-like portion of one front wing 
upon the other. Chirps by night only. 

4. Mole Cricket. United States and 
Central Europe. Burrows in the 
ground like moles. Feeds upon tender 
roots of various plants. 

5. Common Cricket. The males 
make chirping musical sounds, by rub- 
bing together the basal parts of the 
veins of the front wings. 

6. Devil Horse or Praying Mantis. 
Tropical regions. Feeds upon smaller- 
insects. 

COLLECTION 665. 

Orthoptera: Straight- Winged Insects. 
Locusts. 

1. Red-legged Locust. Throughout 
North America. Migratory. Omnivo- 
rous and very injurious. 

2. Clouded Locust. Resembles red 
legged locust. Abundant in Missouri 
Valley. 

COLLECTION 666. 

Orthoptera: Straight- winged Insects. 

1. Walking Stick. United States 
Herbivorous. Found upon twigs to 
which they bear a striking resem- 
blance. Sluggish in their movements. 



46 



2. Giant Walking Stick. Tropical 
regions. 

3. Walking Leaf. East Indies. Bears 
strong resemblance to the leaves upon 
which it is found. 

BUTTERFLIES AND 
MOTHS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Comstock — Manual for the Study of 
Insects. 

Comstock — Insect Life. 

Dickerson — Moths and Butterflies. 

Eliot-Soule — Caterpillars and Their 
Moths. 

Hodge — Nature Study and Life. 

Holland — Butterflies. 

Holland — Moths. 

Holtz — Nature Study. 

BUTTERFLIES. 

COLLECTION 667. 
Fapilionidae : Swallowtails. 

1. Tiger Swallowtail. Appears in 
May and June in all sections of the 
United States and Canada and Central 
Europe. Feeds on leaves of various 
trees. 

2. Green Clouded Swallowtail. From 
May till August in North America and 
Central Europe. Spins a silken web 
on the leaf on which it abides. 

3. Giant Swallowtail. All parts of 
the United States. Feeds upon the 
leaves of the hop vine in the North, in 
the South on the leaves of the orange 
trees, to which it does great damage. 

4. Zebra Swallowtail. Found in east- 
ern half of United States. Caterpillar 
lives on pawpaw. 

5. Blue Swallowtail. Throughout 
the United States and Canada. Feeds on 
snakeroot. 

COLLECTION 668. 

Pierinae: Whites and Yellows. 

1. Cabbage Butterfly. United States 
and Europe. Three-brooded. May be 
seen from May to November in gardens 
and pastures, but especially in cabbage- 
fields. 

2. Cloudless Sulphur. Common in 
the Southern States. Caterpillar feeds 
on cassia. 

3. Orange Sulphur. Common in 



Southern and Western States Cater- 
pillar lives on clover. 

COLLECTION 669. 
Iiyceniuae: Gossamer- winged Butter- 
flies. 

1. Blue Butterfly. Common every- 
where in temperate regions from May 
to September. Three-brooded. Cater- 
pillar feeds on clover and other legu- 
minous plants. 

2. Asiatic Blue Butterfly. Celebes. 

COLLECTION 670. 
Nymplialidae: Four-footed Butterflies. 

1. Monarch or Milkweed Butterfly. 
Inhabits North and South America, the 
West Indies, Australia and the Malay 
Archipelago. Caterpillar lives on milk- 
weed. 

2. Regal Fritillary. Found during 
July and August in swampy meadows 
or adjacent fields. Single-brooded. 
Caterpillar feeds on violets. 

3. Great-spangled Fritillary. Com- 
mon in swampy places June to August. 
Caterpillar hibernates and feeds on 
violets. 

4. Red Admiral. North America and 
Europe. From May to November. 
Double-brooded. Caterpillar lives on 
nettle and hop. 

5. Thistle Butterfly. In almost all 
parts" of the world. Double-brooded. 
Caterpillar feeds on thistle, burdock, 
sunflower, and hollyhock. 

COLLECTION 671. 
Nymplialidae: Four-footed Butterflies. 

1. Mourning Cloak. Northern Hemi- 
sphere below the Arctic Circle. April 
to August. Two-brooded. Caterpillar 
hibernates and feeds on elm, willow 
and poplar. 

2. Peacock Butterfly. Central Eu- 
rope. April to August. Larva feeds on 
nettle. 

3. Interrogation Butterfly. Common 
in the United States and Central 
Europe. From June to October. Larva 
lives on elm and hop vines. 

4. Tortoise-shell Butterfly. United 
States, Canada and Northern Europe. 
Caterpillars live in swarms and feed 
on nettle. 

5. Blue-eyed Grayling. Common dur- 
ing July and August in grassy fields 
and open woods. Caterpillar lives on 
grasses. 



47 



MOTHS. 

COLLECTION 672. 
Silkworms. 

1. Chinese Silkworm. Furnishes 
silk for the whole world. Bred in 
China. Japan, Italy, France and South- 
ern Europe. Feeds on mulberry and 
sometimes on osage orange leaves. 

2. Io or Bull's eye Moth. Smallest of 
the giant silkworms. Larvae trans- 
form into silken cocoons attached to 
trees and shrubs. Eat leaves of va- 
rious trees. 

3. Polyphemus Moth. Cocoon en- 
closed in a leaf. Can be utilized for 
the manufacture of silk. Caterpillar 
feeds on oak, butternut, and various 
other trees. 

4. Luna Moth. Cocoons are found 
under hickory, walnut, and birch trees, 
on the leaves of which the caterpillar 
lives. Cocoons contain but little silk. 

5. Promethea Moth. Most common 
of giant silkworms. Feeds on leaves 
of our common fruit and forest trees. 

6. Cynthia Moth. Introduced from 
Asia. Cocoons like those of the Prome- 
thea. Larva feeds on the Ailanthus 
trees, to which it does great damage. 

7. Cecropia Moth. Largest of giant 
silkworms. From Atlantic Coast to 
Pocky Mountains. Lives on leaves of 
cherry, alder, willow, and many other 
trees. 

COLLECTION 673. 

Other Moths. 

1. Currant Spanworm. Appears in 
great numbers in May and June. One 
brood. Larva does much injury to cur- 
rant and gooseberry bushes. 

2. Ped Underwing. North America 
and Central Europe. Larvae and 
adults found on the trunks of various 
forest trees, on the leaves of which 
they feed. 

3. Tiger Moth. Common in United 
States and Central Europe. Caterpillar 
hibernates. Feeds on herbaceous plants. 

4. Death's-head Moth. Central Eu- 
rope. September and October. Larva 
feeds upon flowers and leaves of the 
potato. 

5. Hawk Moth. United States and 
Central Europe. Often flies at mid- 



day. Feeds on the leaves of many low- 
,rowing plants. 

6. Pupa of Tomato Worm. United 
States. Best known of the sphinxes. 
Feeds on the leaves of tomato, tobacco 
and potato. 

LIFE HISTORIES OF BUT- 
TERFLIES AND MOTHS. 

COLLECTIONS. 

674. Glass case showing development 
of the Tiger Swallowtail. (See col- 
lection 667.) 

675. Glass case showing development 
of Zebra Sw r allowtail. (See collection 
667.) 

676. Glass case showing development 
of Monarch or Milkweed Butterfly. (See 
collection 670.) 

677. Glass case showing development 
of Cecropia Moth. (See collection 672.) 

678. Glass case showing Life History 
of Mourning Cloak. (See collection 
671.) 

679. Glass case showing Life History 
of White Admiral. United States and 
South Canada. Larva feeds upon wil- 
low, cherry, apple, linden, etc. 

680. Glass case showing Life History 
of Black Eastern Swallowtail. Atlantic 
States and Mississippi Valley. Cater- 
pillar feeds on parsley, parsnips, and 
fennel. 

681. Glass case showing Life History 
of Imperial Moth. United States. Feeds 
on hickory, oak, elm, maple. Larvae 
burrow into the ground to pupate. 

682. Glass case showing Life History 
of Achaemon Sphinx. Throughout 
United States and Canada. From June 
to August. Caterpillar feeds on grape 
and Virginia creeper. Enters the ground 
to pupate. 

683. Glass case showing Life History 
of Io Moth. (See collection 672.) 

684. Glass case showing Life History 
of Limenites Ursula, found in the mid- 
dle and Eastern portions of the United 
States. Head narrower than thorax, 
antenuae nearly as long as ' the body, 
ample wings without ocelli. 

685. Glass case showing Life History 
of Kallima Inachis — Dead Leaf Butter- 
fly. Resembles dry leaf in form and 



48 



color, makes use of this Mimicry to 
hide from its enemies. 

686. Glass case showing Life History 
of Actias Luna. (See collection 672.) 

FOREIGN BUTTERFLIES 
AND MOTHS. 

COLLECTION 687. 
Foreign Butterflies. 

1. Blue Morpho. Brazil and East In- 
dia. Belongs to the largest and most 
beautiful butterflies. Wooded swamps. 
Flies at great height. 

2. White Morpho. West coast of 
tropical South America. 

3. Owl Butterfly. Tropical South 
America. When wings are folded, large 
round black spots (ocelli) on under 



side look like eyes of small owl. They 
protect insect from attacks of birds. 

4-5. Bird-winged Butterfly. Celebes. 
Male and female. One of the largest and 
most beautiful butterflies. 

6. Apollo. Western Central Europe. 
Found in mountainous regions only. 

COLLECTION 688. 
Foreign Moths. 

1. Thysania Agrippinia. Brazil. 
Largest specimens, measure a foot be- 
tween tips of extended wings. 

2. Attacus Atlas. Silkworm. India. 
Introduced in France and United States. 
Silk gray, coarse and brilliant. Larva 
feeds on oak and beech leaves. 

3. Oleander Sphinx. Africa and 
Southern Asia. Larva feeds on oleander 
leaves. 



49 

To the Teacher: — 

Use this blank page to insert additional collections 689 to 750, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Page 49. 

COLLECTION 661 -a. Large Colored Charts Illustrating 

Xnsect Life. 

Glass case showing Life His- 
tory of Honey Bee. (See Collec- 666-a. Various Insects, 
tion 661). 685-a. Moths. 

685-b. Silk Moths. 



50 



REPTILES. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper — Animal Life in the Sea and 
on the Land. 

Ditmar— The Reptile Book. 

Hartwig — The Sea and Its Living 
Wonders. 

Jackmaii — Nature Study. 

Idnville-Xelly — Text Book in General 
Zoology. 

Wood — Natural History. 

COLLECTION 750. 
Reptiles: Turtles and Tortoises. 

1. Gopher Tortoise. Southern States. 
Burrows in the ground of sandy pine 
forests. Feeds on grass, vegetables 
and fruit. Flesh palatable. 

2. Common Mud Turtle. Eastern 
North America from Canada to Texas. 
Inhabits quiet ponds and sluggish 
streams. Burrows into the mud of 
pond bottom at the approach of win- 
ter. Feeds on aquatic insects, min- 
nows, fish-eggs, and worms. 

3. Box Turtle. Eastern United 
States to Mississippi River. On land 
only in well shaded forests. In time 
of danger it withdraws head, legs, and 
tail completely. Feeds on snails, 
slugs, and caterpillars. 

COLLECTION 751. 
Reptiles: Alligators and Crocodiles. 

1. Alligator. Gulf States. Burrows 
in sand banks. Builds mound of 
earth, grass, and moss in which it lays 
from 20 to 40 eggs. Its food consists 
"i ; uch mammals and aquatic birds as 
it can catch, but mostly of fish. 

2. Crocodile. Food and habits the 
same as those of alligator. 

COLLECTION 752. 
Reptiles: Lizards. 

1. Iguana. West Indies, Central, and 
South America. Among the largest 
of lizards. Climbing animal. Inhab- 
its thick tree-tops and feeds upon 
fruit and soft vegetables. Flesh con- 
sidered palatable. 

2. Basilisk. Mexico and South 
America. Harmless. When frightened 
skips along surface of water at rapid 
rate. 



3. Horned Toad. Western States. 
Inhabits deserts and arid regions. No 
toad, but lizard. Slow and sluggish. 
Feeds on insects. 

4. Glass Snake. Southern States and 
Mississippi Valley. No snake, but leg- 
less lizard. When struck with stick, 
breaks into several pieces. Feeds 
chiefly upon insects. 

COLLECTION 753. 
Reptiles: Lizards. 

1. Common Lizard. Western States. 
Very active, quick and graceful. Lives 
on ground catching insects, preferably 
meal worms. 

2. Rock Lizard or Mountain Roamer. 
North America. On and among rocks. 
Color, being much like rocks, serves as 
protection. Very active and pugna- 
cious. 

3. Uta. North America, west of 
Great Plains. Most beautiful and grace- 
ful of lizards. 

1. Striped Lizard. Pacific Slope. 
Runs over ground very swiftly in 
search of insects. 

5. Mexican Striped Lizard. White 
stripes which disappear as the animal 
becomes older. 



COLLECTION 754. 
Reptiles: Serpents. Harmless Snakes. 

1. Black Snake. Throughout the 
United States. Westward it changes 
color and is known as Blue Racer. 
Very active, good climber and swim 
mer. Feeds on small rodents, young 
birds, eggs, and frogs. 

2. Corn Snake or Spotted Racer. 
Middle and Southern States. Con- 
strictor, i. e., crushes its prey. Good 
climber. Feeds mi rats and mice. 

3. Garter Snake Very abundant in 
d States and Canada. Inhabils 

low marshy places mostly. Feeds on 
frogs, toads, and small quadrupeds. 

4. Green Snake. Middle States. Lives 
in meadows of high grass, feeding 
mostly on crickets and grasshoppers. 

COLLECTION 755. 

Reptiles: Serpents. Poisonous Snakes. 
Rattlers. 

Very poisonous. End of tail pro- 
vided with a rattle consisting of 



51 



joints ;. material developed out 

.a. Bring forth young alive. 
Inhabit rocky and hilly re. 
autumn t. to some deep 

rnong rocks or hole under? 
and lie in a torpid state until spring. 

on birds, rabbits, sq - 
rats. 

Timber or Banded Rattle; 
Eastern Unite . 

- - .thwestern 

- 
Prairie Rattlesnake. II 
- 

f Rattlesnake. 

756. 

Reptiles: Serpents. Poisonous Snakes. 

L Copperhead. Middle and Southern 
- its woods and rocks- 
Feeds on small mammals, birds, and 
: : : -; ; 

2. Water Moccasin or Cotton M< 

Inhabits z 
- ds of bayous and swamps. In 
sumir. - - are seen hanging from 

low t at trees over lakes 

F eeds mostly on f 

3. Boa Imperator. Centra. 

smaller - :" Boa 

i erushe- 
g of small quadrupeds 

I1LUSTBATIOSS OP BEPTTLES. 

Iiarge Colored Charts I. Life 

of Reptiles. 

I I 

~: - 

758. Lizard. 

759. Snake and F 

WORMS. 

BEPEBESXE BOOKS 
H I ". I ; 

Lm-nlle-BeUy — T-: : '_ : 
760. 

1. Earth- i body 

: .-. i . .s - - fe-: - .: -.:.-. '-. .-: = -. -s -. -- 

- i - -■ - - -:"." : e " - - : r : e ;..---- e 
of progression- aaL Dependent 

- : : " " :.;:..- e 



:. - Marine :ructs 

long • . . rnong 

of eelgrass. Brilliant red color. 
i for bait _ '.en. 

3. Seal- 

rough scales on back 

j-.ection and respira- 
tion. := and 
stones on the rock; 
r.is. 

Clam -Worm. U 
largest and most brilliantly colored 
worms of coast. 

mall animals in its 

AMPHIBIA. 

BEPEBENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper — Animal Life in the Sea and 

Land. 
Mekanon >ok. 

Ham 

H:r-= _=.,- -erican Natural 

I 

Jacknis.- iy. 

I-:-Tille-Kell7 — Text Book I 

- 

761. 

Amphibia: Toads. 

- 
on insects - 
dartir .-: long 

3 in torpid state, concealed 
- es. 
2- -outh 

America. Appears at dusk 

search of insects. 
I deep -ends 

erican Toad. 

762. 
Amphibia: Proga. 

Mexican - abundant in 

- 
frog. - grour.t 

hood of watei 

wor: 

bundant 
ern D Has sucking disc 

on end of ea -nabling it to 

:--e^= : - - -.. e ;-.". ..- -..-,-. Z e^ . s 



52 

COLLECTION 763. of shallow brooks and pools. On land 

_ , , found under fallen trees or stones. 

Amphibia: Salamanders. _, , . T . . , . . . 

* Feeds on insects. In torpid state in 

1. Spotted Salamander. Central and winter. 

Southern part of United States, and 2. Axolotl. Mexico. Food and hab- 

Mexico. Spends much time in water its like those of Spotted Salamander. 



53 



To the Teacher: — 



Use this blank page to insert additional collections 764 to 800, to he given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Page 53. 



Large Colored Charts Illustrating 
Amphibious Animals. 

758-a. Amphibious Animals. 
762-a. CJreen "Water Frog. 



54 



CRUSTACEANS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Damon — Ocean Wonders. 

Hartwig- — The Sea and Its Living 
Wonders. 

Holtz — Nature Study. 

Jackman — Nature Study. 

Linville-Kelly — Text Book in General 
Zoology. 

Parker and Haswell — Text Book of 
Zoology. 

COLLECTION 800. 
Crustaceans. Lobsters. 

1. Lobster. In waters of Temper- 
ate Zone. Lives in clear water along 
rocky coasts. Breathes by gills. 
Outgrows shell and changes it from 
time to time. 

2. Flat or Broad Lobster. Japan. 
In moderately shallow water. Bur- 
rows deeply into the mud. Considered 
a delicacy in Japan. 

3. Crayfish. Common in many of our 
rivers especially in limestone districts. 
Spends winter in holes in bartk. Eats 
anything, animal or vegetable. Ex- 
tensively used for food. 

COLLECTION 801. 
Crustaceans. Crabs. 

1. American Spider Crab. Eastern 
coast of North America. Marine. 
Deeper parts of the sea, lurking among 
the sea weeds. Slow of progress. 
Feeds on small mollusks and other 
marine animals. 

2. Spinous Spider Crab. British 
waters. Food and habit like those of 
American Spider Crab. 

3. Thornback Spider Crab. Common 
on our coasts. Strong and sharp 
claws. Acts as scavenger of the sea, 
feeding on decaying matter. Very vo- 
racious. 

4. Japanese Thornback. Japan. 

COLLECTION 802. 

Crustaceans. Crabs. 

1. Edible Crab. Plentiful around 
our rocky coasts. Most pugnacious 
and vicious of crabs. Armed with two 
strong pricking claws. After molting 
or shedding its shell it is perfectly 
helpless and easily falls a prey to it& 



enemies. At this stage it is commonly 
known as the Soft Shell Crab. 

2. Montagu's Crab. Common on our 
coasts. Turns over stones looking for 
smaller marine animals. Shell and 
claws very strong considering size of 
animal. 

3. Mole Crab. Eastern coasts of 
North America. Sandy beaches, bur- 
rowing in the sand, always backward. 

COLLECTION 803. 
Crustaceans. Crabs. 

1. Shore Crab. Common on coasts 
of North America. Marshes and waters 
of shallow bays. Very voracious, leap- 
ing upon its prey, which consists of 
smaller marine animals. 

2. Swimming Crab. Warmer seas. 
Remarkable speed in swimming, chas- 
ing after its victims, which are small- 
er crustaceans, and other marine ani- 
mals. 

3. Pea Crab. Lives within the shells 
of mussels and other bivalves inflict- 
ing no apparent injury to its nost. 
Thought to feed upon the juice of che 
mollusk whose shell it inhabits. 

4. Fiddler Crab. Salt marshes, bur- 
rowing deeply in the mud. In the 
males one claw is very large, held by 
the animal when disturbed, like a vio- 
lin bow. Great fighter. 

COLLECTION 804. 
Crustaceans. Crabs. 

1. Sand Crab. Burrows in the sand 
along the sea shore. Resorts to water 
only to deposit eggs. Very swift run- 
ner. 

2. Yellow Crab. Japan. Marine. 
Feeds on smaller crustaceans. 

3. Woolly Crab. California and 
Mediterranean. Marine. Seldom ap- 
proaches the shore, preferring the 
deeper waters. Feeds on marine ani- 
mals. 

4. Hairy Crab. Warmer seas. Hides 
under sponges, shells and other marine 
substances. 

5. Satin Crab. Japan. Habits and 
food like those of the preceding two 
crabs. 

6. King or Horseshoe Crab. Philip- 
pine Islands. Found in clear water 
near the coast, often half buried In the 
sand. Breathes by gills. Long, sharp 
tail spine used for arrows or lances. 



55 



7. Rhinoceros Crab. West -Indies. 
One of the largest of crabs. Eyes 
placed wholly on underside of head. 

COLLECTION 805. 

Hermit Crabs. 

Abdomen not covered with hard 
shell. For their protection hermit crabs 
inhabit shell of some mollusk. When 
grown too large for their houses they 
seek another shell. Very pugnacious. 

1. Common Hermit Crab. Common 
on coasts of North America and Eng- 
land. 

2. Hairy Hermit Crab. 

3. Mole Hermit Crab. 

4. Red Hermit Crab. 

COLLECTION 806. 
Crustaceans: Crabs. 

1. Northern Rock Crab. Eastern 
Coast of United States. In open waters. 
Strong and heavy. Valued as article 
of food. 

2. Green Crab. At home in the 
marshes and waters of shallow bays. 
Poor swimmer. 

3. Lady Crab. Lives on sandy bot- 
tom of shallow waters. Powerful and 
active swimmer. 

COLLECTION 807. 
Crustaceans. Shrimps. 

1. Common Shrimp. Found in great 
numbers in Europe and North Amer- 
ica. Color like the sands upon which 
it lives. Used as food. Shrimp fish- 
ing important industry on our coasts. 

2. Fairy Shrimp. One of the most 
common of fresh water shrimps. Beau- 
tifully colored. Inhabits pools. 

COLLECTION 808. 
Crustaceans. Sandflea, Woodlouse, Etc. 

1. Sand-flea. Found hopping about 
driftwood and sea weed on the sandy 
beaches. Lives on decaying animal 
matter. 

2. Wood-louse. Plentiful in damp 
places under logs of wood or decay- 
ing timber. 

COLLECTION 809. 
Crustaceans. Barnacles. 
1. Acorn Barnacle. Found in all 



seas. When young animals swim 
about; when older attach themselves 
to vessels, rocks, shells and even large 
sea animals. 

2. Goose Barnacles. In all seas. 
Hangs from long muscular stalk. At- 
taches itself to seaweed, driftwood, or 
the bottom of vessels. 



MOLLUSKS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper — Animal Life in the Sea and 
on the Land. 

Furneaux — Life in Ponds and Streams. 

Hardy— Hall of Shells. 

Hyatt — The Oyster, Clam and Other 
Common Mollusks. 

Holtz — Nature Study. 

Woodward — Manual of the Mollusca. 

COLLECTION 810. 

Bivalves. 

Characterized by absence of head 
and possession of two nearly equal 
lateral valves. Apex of valve always 
turned toward mouth. 

1. Oyster. Usually found adhering to 
rocks or other fixed objects in shallow 
water along the seacoast. Used for 
food. 

2. Thorny Oyster. Armed with 
spines. Tropical and Subtropical seas. 

3. Mother-of-Pearl. Nacreous shell 
of pearl oyster. Madagascar, Southern 
and Southeastern Asia, South Sea Is- 
lands, Panama and the West Indies. 

4. Sea-water Mussel. Found in im- 
mense quantities on rocks in the east- 
ern and western coasts of North Amer- 
ica, North and Baltic Seas, Mediter- 
ranean and Eastern Asia. Used as food 
in Europe more than in America. 

5. Pinna. Long, triangular shells. 
Spins a very strong byssus resembling 
silk. All warm seas. 

6. Pearl Oyster Shell showing pearl. 

7. Byssus of Pinna on card. 

8. Hammerhead Oyster. Eastern 
Asia. When young does not differ 
much in - shape from other "wing" 
shells, but as it grows it develops 
"ears" so as to make the shell look 
like a hammer. 

9. Vulsella or Sponge Shell. Red 
Sea. This species is found in sponges. 



56 



COLLECTION 811. 
Mollusks: Bivalves. 

1. Mactra or Giant Clam. Shell and 
mollusk in alcohol. Eastern Coast of 
United States. Burrows through the 
sand by means of a well-developed foot. 
Was used by the Indians as a hoe with 
which to hill their corn. 

2. Tresus. Clam with large mounted 
siphon. North Pacific. The siphon is 
a prolongation of the margins of the 
mantle. 

3. Venus or Quohog. Eastern United 
States. Large clam. Extensively eaten 
on and near the Atlantic Coast. 



COLLECTION 812. 
Bivalves. 

1. Fresh-water Mussels. In still 
water or running streams. Shell inter- 
nally pearly. Used for pearl buttons. 
Sometimes contain pearls. 

2. Pecten or Scallop. In shallow 
places, among the eelgra^s in seawater. 
Muscle holding together valves is edi- 
ble. Lower valve convex, while the 
upper is plain or concave. 

3. Cockle. Sandy bays near low- 
water. Flesh tasteless and leathery. 
Eaten in England. 

4. Razor Clam. Sandy shores along 
New England Coast. Digs vertical 
burrow into the sand. Used by some 
as food. 

5. Tridacna. Indian and Central Pa- 
cific Ocean. Very large specimens, 
weighing up to 500 pounds. Animal 
eaten by South Sea Islanders. 



COLLECTION 813. 
Mollusks: Bivalves. 

1. Edible Clam. In all northern seas. 
Lives in deep burrows in firm mud 
or sand. Through siphons extended to 
mouth of burrow, water and minute 
animals in it are drawn into shell. 
Flesh very palatable. 

2. Truncated Clam. Eastern coast of 
United States. Lives below low-water 
mark. 

3. Bear's Paw' Clam. Indian , and 
Central Pacific. Differs but slightly 
from Tridacna. Ribs on outside small- 
er and more numerous. 



4. Angel Wings. Eastern and west- 
ern coast of North America. Bores 
with its foot in sand, clay and lime- 
stone. Flesh edible. 

5. Amusium or Japanese Pecten. 
Japan. 

6. Saddle-Shell. Philippine Islands. 
Sandy shores. Shell formerly used as 
window panes by the inhabitants of the 
Philippines. 

7. Pieces of rock bored by Pholas 
or Angel Wing Shell. 

8. Teredo or Ship-worm. Florida. 
Worm-like bivalve with two long siphons 
each armed with a shelly pallet. Bores 
into wood, lining its channel with a 
calcareous deposit. Does great damage 
to dikes, wharves, and hulls of ships 

9. Lithodomus or Rock-Borer. Medi- 
terranean. Luminous. Bores into 
corals, shells, and hardest limestone 
rocks. Flesh edible. 

COLLECTION 814. 
Mollusks: Bivalves. 

1. Tellina or Sun Shell. West In- 
dies. Either valve presents in minia- 
ture a picture of the rising sun. 

2. Aspergillum or Watering Pot 
Shell. East Indies. The tapering tube 
at its larger end terminates in a per- 
fect sprinkler. 

3. Mammouth Watering Pot Shell. 
Red Sea. 

1. Tagelus, Florida. Common on 

eastern coast, buried in the sand. 

COLLECTION 815. 

Gasteropods. 

Univalves. Free and locomotive. 
Locomotion effected by a muscular, 
either disc-like or fin-like, foot. The 
latter enables them to swim. 

1. Chiton. In shallow waters of At- 
lantic and Pacific Coasts. Flattened 
body, covered above with a shell con- 
sisting of eight joints. 

2. Abalone. Tropical seas. Abun- 
dant on coast of California. Shell lined 
with mother-of-pearl. Used as money 
by South Sea Islanders. Animal eaten 
,n France. 

3. Animal occupying abalone shell. 

4. Limpet. Attached to rocks in all 
seas. Eaten by inhabitants of Euro- 
pean coasts; used as bait in America. 

5. Key-hole Limpet. Near the shores 
of tropical seas. Hole near apex of 
shell. 



57 



COLLECTION 816. 
Mollusks: Gasteropods. 

1. Scurria or Owl Shell California. 
One of the most attractive of tlie 
limpets. 

2. Bulla or Bubble Shell. California. 
Frequents sandy or muddy bottoms 
near the shore, burying 1 into the sand 
or hiding beneath masses of sea-weed. 

3. Aplysia or Sea-Hare. Florida. 
Rudimentary, translucent shell. Emits 
nauseous odor. 

4. Tethys or Naked Mollusk. Medi- 
terranean. No shell. Animal almost 
transparent. Rapacious, .feeding upon 
small mollusks and crustaceans. 

5. Dentalium or Tooth Shell. Cali- 
fornia. Shell tooth-shaped. Inhabits 
the sandy bottoms of the sea. 

COLLECTION 817. 
Gasteropods: Topshells. 

1. Trochus. In all seas. Shell pyram- 
idal. Mass of mother-of-pearl after 
outer shells have been removed. Ani- 
mal feeds on seaweeds. 

2. Turbo. Near the shores of tropical 
seas. Shell turbinated. Feeds on sea- 
weeds. 

3. Mason-shell or Shell-carrier. In- 
dian Ocean. Covers itself with all 
sorts of objects — shells, stones, bits of 
coral, etc. Agglutinates them with 
substance secreted from shell, to pro- 
tect itself. 

4. Ianthina or "Violet Snail and Eggs. 
Secretes a violet colored fluid. Lives 
in mid-ocean. Floats at the surface 
by means of a raft it constructs by 
forming and uniting air bubbles of 
hardened mucus. Raft contains eggs. 

5. Section of Trochus showing in- 
terior. 

6. Turbo Marmoratus. Philippines. 
Fine large shells of this species formed 
the drinking goblets of the Scandi- 
navian monarchs. 

COLLECTION 818. 
Gasteropods. 

1. Astralium or Cartwheel Shell. 
Japan. The whorl is covered with a 
row of long spines. 

2. Scalaria or Precious Wentle Trap 
.Shell. China and Australia. Turreted, 

consisting of many whorls provided 
with numerous transverse ribs. 



3. Solarium or Prospective Shell. 
China and Australia. Resembles trochus 
but is not pearly. 

4. Cerithium or Herald's Horn. Aus- 
tralia. Abundant on sea bottoms where 
algae are numerous. 

COLLECTION 819. 
Gasteropods. 

1. Voluta or Music Shell. Derives its 
name from fine dark lines interspersed 
with blotches on shell. Tropical and 
subtropical sea. Snail predacious and 
carnivorous. 

2. Oliva or Olive Shell. Tropical 
seas. Shell porcellanous. Snail carnivo- 
rous. 

3. Harpa or Harp Shell. Tropical 
seas except the Atlantic. Snail beauti- 
fully colored. Carnivorous. 

4. Mitra or Mitre Shell. Resemblins 
a bishop's mitre. Tropical and sub- 
tropical. Reef-shell, lurking in holes 
and crevices under seaweed. 

5. Melo or Melon Shell. Indian Ocean 
and Australia. Brings forth its young 
alive. Predacious and carnivorous. 

6. Crown Shell. "Warmer seas. Food 
and habits like those of "Voluta. 

7. Section of Voluta showing in- 
terior. 

8. Section of Oliva showing interior. 

9. Oliva Maura or Dark Olive. Cey- 
lon and Mauritius. Sometimes the shells 
of this species become almost black. 

COLLECTION 820. 

Gasteropods. 

Murex. Tropical and subtropical 

seas of Old World. Most rapacious of 
mollusks. Does great damage to oyster 
beds, boring through the shells of 
oysters. 

1. Black Murex. 

2. Section of Rose Murex showing 
interior. 

3. Section of White Murex showing 
interior. 

4. Urosalpinx or Drill. Eastern 
coast of United States. Very injurious 
to oyster beds. Settles down on oys- 
ters, bores hole through their shell 
and eats soft parts. 

5. Purpm-a. All parts of the world. 
Destructive to oyster and mussel beds. 
Ancients obtained purple dye from it. 



58 



COLLECTION 821. 
Mollnsks: Gasteropods. 

1. Fasciolaria or Tulip Shell. Tropi- 
cal and subtropical. Southern coast of 
United States. Some specimens two 
feet long. 

2. Pyrula or Pear Shell. West In- 
dies, Philippines and eastern coast of 
United States. Egg cases long strings 
of flattened capsules cast on the shore. 

3. Egg Case of Pyrula. 

4. Pulgur or Winkle Shell. Variety 
of pear shell. Atlantic coast of United 
States. Snail used by fishermen as bait. 

5. Whelk. Arctic and Temperate seas. 
New England coast. Eggs laid in cap- 
sules piled up in a heap, called sea- 
corn. Snail used in England as food, 
in America as bait for codfish. 

6. Winkle Shell and Mollusk in al- 
cohol. 

7. Ranella or Frog Shell. Japan. 
Useful as scavenger of the sea, feed- 
ing on decaying animal matter. 

COLLECTION 822. 
Gasteropods. 

1. Conus or Cone Shell. All tropical 
seas. Sandy coast. Predaceous and car- 
nivorous. Bite poisonous. 

2. Terebra or Auger Shell. Fast In- 
dies, west coast of Tropical America. 
Carnivorous. 

3. Periwinkle. On seashore in all 
parts of the world. Very useful, clear- 
ing the oysterbeds of seaweed. Used 
as food in Europe. 

1. Turritella or Screw Shell. In all 
waters. Feeds on animal matter in the 
ocean. 

COLLECTION 823. 
Mollusks: Gasteropods. 

1. Worm-shell. Shores of the United 
States. Shell irregular spiral. At- 
taches itself to submarine objects. 

2. Vermetus on Abalone. 

3. Vermetus on Oculina Coral. 

I. Vermetus in clumps. Japan. 

COLLECTION 824. 

Gasteropods. 

1. Tiger Cowry or Porcelain Shell. 
Among the coral reefs of the Pacific 
Ocean. 



2. Money Cowry. Tropical seas. Used 
in barter by native tribes of Western 
Africa. 

3. Strombus or Wing Shell. On reefs 
in tropical • waters. Feeds on dead and 
decaying animal matter. Shells ground 
into powder for the manufacture of 
porcelain. 

4. Scorpion shell. Indo-Pacific waters. 
Snail carnivorous. Shells used by East 
Indians as battle axes. 

5. Mole Cowry. Indian Ocean. Lit- 
toral. Hides itself under stone and 
branches of coral. Carnivorous. 

6. Argus or Eyed Cowry. Indian and 
Central Pacific. Food and habits like 
those of mole cowry. 

7. Arabic Cowry. Bed Sea, Austra- 
lia and Japan. 

8. West Indian Cowry. Bahamas. 

9. Section of Scorpion Shell show- 
ing interior. 

COLLECTION 825. 
Mollusks: Gasteropods. 

1. Ovula or Egg Shell. Bahamas. 
Attaches itself to various species of 
gorgonia upon the polyps of which It 
preys. 

2. Flamingo Tongue. West Indies. 
Small Egg Shell. 

3. Ovula ovum or Large Egg Shell. 
Fiji Islands. Used for personal or 
household ornaments by inhabitants of 
Smith Sea Islands. 

I. Trivia or Cross Roads Shell. In 
all warm seas. Small shell with rib- 
lets on the back. Subgenus of cowry. 

5. Mouse Cowry. Naples. 

6. Serpent Head Cowry. Australia. 
The flattened shell looks somewhat 
like the spreading hood of the Indian 
Cobra. 

7. Lynx Cowry. Singapore. 

COLLECTION 826. 
Gasteropods. 

1. Cassis or Helmet Shell. Tropical 
seas. Snail feeds on bivalve mollusks. 
Shells used in making cameos. 

2. DoHum or Tun Shell. Tropical an 1 
Subtropical seas. Snail lives on animal 
food. 

3. Triton or Trumpet Shell. In all 
Tropica] and Subtropical seas. Scaven- 
gers of the ocean, feeding upon decay- 
ing animals. Shell used as trumpet by 
fishermen in the Mediterranean. 



59 



4. Section of Dolium showing: in- 
terior. 

5. Operculum or Shell Door of 
Triton. The operculum is a lid cover- 
ing the aperture of the shell. 

COLLECTION 827. 

Gasteropods: Pond and Land Snails. 

1. Ampullaria or Apple Shell. Tropic 
al countries. Amphibious. ponds and 
marshes. Have both lungs and gills. 

2. Limnaea or Pond Snail. Temperate 
regions. Ponds and rivers. Comes to 
the surface to breathe. Feeds on 
aquatic plants. 

3. Melania or Black Snail. Fresh 
water lakes and rivers of tropical re- 
gions. Lives on aquatic plants. 

4. Paludomus. Variety of Melania. 
Ceylon. 

5. Neritina. Warmer regions. Inhab- 
its foliage of trees overhanging rivers 
and ponds. 

6. Pupa. Land Snail. Almost every- 
where. Lives in woods. Herbivorous. 

COLLECTION 828. 

Mollusks: Gasteropods: Fond and 
Land Snails. 

1. Helix or Common Garden Snail. 
Temperate regions. Terrestrial and 
herbivorous. 

2. Planorbis. Pond Snail. Move? 
about in still waters in a sluggish 
manner. 

3. Physa. Pond Snail. Common in 
United States. Amber colored vortex. 
More active than Planorbis. 

4. Goniabasis. Fresh-water Snail. 
Central United States. 

5. Io. Frest-water Snail. Mount- 
ainous regions of Virginia and Ten- 
nessee. 

6. Section of Helix showing interior. 

COLLECTION 829. 
Mollusks: Pond and Land Snails. 

1. Limax or Common Garden Slug. 
Air-breathing. Small rudimentary shell. 
Troublesome in gardens. 

2. Balimus. Barbadoes. A land snail. 
Widely distributed. Mollusks deposit 
eggs on leaves and cement leaves to- 
gether to protect the eggs. 

3. Painted Helix. Cuba. 

4. Auricula or Ear Snail. India. 
Terrestrial, usually living near the sea 
in salt marshes. 

5. Cyclophorus. Philippines. Land 



snail living in damp places. Air- 
breathing. 

COLLECTION 830. 
Ceplialopods. 

1. Chambered Nautilus. Tropical 
seas. Spiral shell. Interior divided by 
partitions into numerous chambers. 
Animal occupies outer shell. Feeds upon 
crabs, urchins, etc. 

2. Pearly Nautilus. Chambered nau- 
tilus whose outside striped coating has 
been removed and remaining shell pol- 
ished. 

3. Pearly Nautilus in sections show- 
ing the chambers. See Holmes' poem. 

4. Squid. Eastern coasts of United 
States. Two long tentacular and eight 
short arms. Swim in large numbers 
following young mackerel and herring, 
on which they feed. Used as bait. 

COLLECTION 831. 

Mollusks: Ceplialopods. 

1. Octopus or Devil Fish. Mediter- 
ranean Sea. No shell. Eight or ten arms 
provided with suckers or hooks. Eyes 
sessile, furnished with a lense. Car- 
nivorous. Some specimens become very 
large having a spread of twenty-five 
feet 

2. Argonauta or Paper Nautilus. 
Mediterranean. Fight arms, two of 
which are expanded at the end and 
clasp the shell. The male which is 
much smaller than the female has no 
shell. 

3. Sepia or Cuttle Fish. Mediter- 
ranean. Internal shell. Large eyes. 
Ten arms furnished with suckers, by 
means of which it secures its prey, 
young fish, crabs, etc. Has ink bag, 
From which it throws out a dark liquid 
enabling it to escape observation. 

4. Ommastrephes or Flying Squid. 
Eastern Coast of United States. Ten 
arms provided with suckers. Darts out 
of water, often to such a height as to 
fall on the decks of vessels. 

ECHINODERMS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper — Animal Life in the Sea and 
on the Land. 

Damon — Ocean Wonders. 

Hartwig — The Sea and Its Living 
Wonders. 

Hyatt — Common Hydroids, Corals and 
Echinoderms. 



60 



COLLECTION 832. 
Starfishes. 

1. Common Starfish. Western coast 
of North America. Five rays. Tubes 
on under surface of rays serving as 
feet. Broken rays replaced. Feeds on 
aquatic animal matter. Particularly 
fond of oysters and clams. 

2. Brittle Starfish. Everywhere in 
Northern Hemisphere. Breaks up its 
rays when touched or alarmed. Broken 
rays replaced by natural growth. 

3. Spiny Starfish. Lower California. 
Covered with tufts of tiny spines. 

4. Sun-star. Northern regions of 
Atlantic and Pacific. 

5. Serpent-star. When alarmed or 
caught breaks up its rays, which are 
replaced by natural growth. 

6. Goniaster. Central Paciific coast. 
Pentagonal. Arms project but slightly. 
Two rows of suckers. 

COLLECTION 833. 

Echinoderms : Starfishes. 

1. Stichaster or Sea Star showing 
development of arm. Chili. Common all 
along the west coast of South Amer- 
ica. 

2. Serpent Star, showing develop- 
ment of arm. 

3. Ophiura or Serpent Tail. New 
England Coast. Long armed with small 
disks. Arms often eight times as long 
as disk. 

4. Astrophyton or Medusa's Head. 
Maine. Five arms divided and subdivid- 
ed into a large number of branches. No 
arm spines. 

5. Astropecten or Star Comb. China. 
Five-rayed star, the upper surface of 
which is covered with beautiful star- 
shaped points. Edges of arms set with 
two rows of sharp pointed teeth. 

COLLECTION 834. 
Echinoderms : Starfishes. 

1. Pycnopodia or Wheel Shaped Star. 
California. Large round disk with from 
fifteen to thirty arms. Upper surface 
covered with short, sharp spines. 

2. Solaster or Sun Star. Bay of 
Fundy. From nine to eleven tapering 
rays. 

3. Linkia or Spineless Star. Most 
numerous in tropical regions. No spines 
Body smooth or uniformly granular. 



4. Oreaster or Mountain Star. Mex- 
ico. Arms project but slightly. Two 
rows of suckers. 

5. Luidia or Brittle Star. Florida. 
This species is known for its propensi- 
ty to break into innumerable fragments 
when brought into contact with the 
air. Rays four times the length of disk. 

COLLECTION 835. 

Sea Urchins. 

Echinoderms without arms and with- 
out a stalk. Regular sea urchins with 
globular shell. Live on rocky coasts. 
Burrow into limestone rocks and coral 
reefs until they lie in a cavity fitting 
their bodies. The flat-bodied or cake 
urchins are found on sand. Tube-feet. 

1. Green Sea Urchins, with spines. 
North Atlantic Ocean. 

2. Green Sea Urchins, spines re- 
moved. North' Atlantic Ocean. 

3. Purple Sea Urchin. Atlantic and 
Pacific Coasts. 

4. Sand Dollar. Central Atlantic 
and Pacific Coasts. 

5. Cake Urchin. Pacific Coast. 

6. Keyhole Urchin. Tropical seas. 

7. Heart Urchin. All oceans. 

S. Sea-beaver. Pacific Ocean. Va- 
riety of Heart Urchin. 

9. Spines of Sea Urchins. Various 
sizes. 

10. Club Spine Urchin. Bahamas. 
Massive solid spines. 

11. Phyllacanthus or Leaf Spine Ur- 
chin. Mauritius. 

12. Sea Biscuit. 

COLLECTION 836. 

Crinoids. 

Lowest class of echinoderms. Few- 
living forms. Found in deep water. 
Stem consists of many flattened cal- 
careous joints. Pinnules provide.1 
with ciliae or lashes produce a current 
of sea water which conveys to them 
their food. 

Pentaerinus Decorus. Carribbean Sea. 
COLLECTION 837. 
Echinoderms : Sea encumbers. 

Sea Cucumbers. Least radiate of 
echinoderms. Deep water forms 

Mouth surrounded by branched tenta- 



61 



cles. Feeds on minute aquatic ani- 
mals and vegetable matter. 

COLLECTION 838. 

Jelly Fishes. 

Bodies gelatinous, composed for the 
most part of water. When taken from 
water melt away, leaving thin film. 
Phosphorescent. 

1. Portuguese Man-of-War. Trop- 
ical oceans. Transparent, pear-shaped 
bladder, from which hang a variet./ 
of appendages. These are used for 
various purposes, some for swimming, 
some for producing eggs, some for 
procuring food, and others for eating. 

2. Velella or Float. Oblong disk 
body supported by a thin plate, from 
which raises a thin diagonal crest, act- 
ing as a sail. Floats at the surface. 

3. Aurelia. Jelly-fish. New England 
waters Body disk-shaped and of 
creamy white color. Four oral tentacles 
commonly carried extended from a 
cent ial mouth-opening. 



i !< >LLECTION 839. 

Hydroids. 

Simplest form of zoophytes or flow- 
er animals. Originally produced from 
a single egg, each species by the forma- 
tion of successive buddings grows up 
to a populous colony. Remarkable for 
their beauty of form. 

1. Aglaophenia. Ostrich Plume. I a- 
cific Coast. 

2. Plumulana. Plume Hydroid. New 
England Coast 

3. Sertularia, Squirrel-tailed Hy- 
droid from New Jersey Coast to Arc- 
tic Ocean. 

4. Clava. From Long Island Sound 
northward. 

COLLECTION 840. 

Miscellaneous Assortment of Sea 
Weeds. 

Sea Weed. Any member of the class 
Algae, very abundant, especially in 
warm seas, are often exceedingly deli- 
cate and beautiful. Some varieties also 
called sea moss. 



CORALS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper — Animal Life in the Sea and 
on the Land. 

Damon — Ocean Wonders. 

Hartwig — The Sea and Its Living 
Wonders. 

Hyatt — Common Hydroids, Corals 
and Echinoderms. 

Holtz — Nature Study. 

Jackman — Nature Study. 

CORALS. 

During life skeleton of corals cov- 
ered with soft flesh, the surface of 
which is thickly studded with star-like 
animals called polyps. Deep water of 
warm oceans. 

COLLECTION 841. 

Corals: Hydrocorallinae. 

Beautiful forms. Make important 
contributions to coral reef. Produce 
coral composed of calcareous fibers 
travesed by canals. As one polyp dies, 
another succeeds it, and a partition iw 
formed separating the new cup occu- 
pied by a polyp from the old, so that 
in time the pits become deep, but are 
divided by a series of transverse par- 
titions. 

1. Districhopora, Kingsmill Island. 

2. Stylaster, Samoa. 

3. Millepora, Hayti. 



COLLECTION 842. 

Corals: Astraeidae. 

True or Stony Corals. Reef builders, 
These polyps have, by their co-opera- 
tion, constructed vast deposits of lime- 
stone. Resemble sea anemones. Found 
in the coral reef seas. 

1. Isophyllia, Bahamas. 

2. •Symphyllia, West Indies. 

3. Manicina, West Indies. 

4. Meandrina or Brain Coral, Ber- 
mudas. 

5. Merulina. East Indies. 

6. Mussa. Tonga Islands. 

7. Large-leaf Coral (Euphyllia). 
Singapore. 

8. Angle-Star (Goniastnaea). Fiji 
Islands. 

9. Saw-Star (Prionastraea). East 
Indies. 



62 



COLLECTION 843. 

Corals: Fungidae or Mushroom-Coral. 

True or Stony Corals. Reef builders. 
Sometimes grow in simple leaves at- 
tached to the side of other rural rocks. 
Found in the coral reel" seas. 

1. Fungia, Zanzibar. 

2. Herpetholita, Java. 

;i. Peacock-Coral. Singapore. 

4. Tube-bearing Coral. (Hydno- 
phora). Singapore. 

5. Mushroom-Coral. (Pachyseris). 
Samoa. 

COLLECTION 844. 
Corals: Miscellaneous. 

1. Oculina. Reef-builder, Bermuda. 

2. Madrepore or Tree Coral. Forms 
banks miles in extent near western 
end of Florida Keys. 

3. Seriatopora. Resembles the Tree- 
Coral. Grows in massive forms in the 
Sandwich Islands. 

4. Montipora, Tahiti. 

5. Variously pored Coral (Poeilla- 
pora). Samoa. 

6. Hollow-pored Coral (Alveapora). 
Samoa. 

7. Porous Coral (Porites). Sandwich 
Islands. 

COLLECTION 845. 

Corals: Gorgonidae. 

Form foot-secretions, separable from 
animal layer covering them. Hues va- 
rious and brilliant. Star-like polyps. 

1. Red Coral. Mediterranean Sea. 
Precious coral of commerce used for 
ornaments. 

2. Gorgonia or Sea-fan. Tropical 
and subtropical seas. Consists of many 
lateral branches, forming a net-work 
of great fineness. 

3. Sea-whip. Tropical and subtrop- 
ical seas. 

4. Slave Whip (Autipathes). West In- 
dies. 

This species braided was used as a 
whip with which slaves were beaten. 

5. Organ-pipe Coral. Singapore. Gor- 
gonia forming a jointed i 

tube. Tubes connected by thin, flat 
plate. When alive, a bright purple 
polyp protrudes from each tube. 

6. Sea Pansy (Renilla). Panama. 



7. Sea Pen (Penuatula). Off George's 
Banks. 

8. White Sea I an i Leptogorgia). 
I 'anama. 

9. Woven Pan < I 'lexaura t. » !ar 
I Sea. 

COLLECTION 846. 

Sea-Anemone. 

Sea-Anemone. Tropical seas. Tenta- 
cles disposed in regular circles, tinged 
with bright colors, and resembling pet- 
als of our most beautiful flowers. At- 
1 to rocks. Voracious, feeding 
on almost any kind of small aquatic 
animals thai come within its reach. 



SPONGES. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Cooper -Animal Life in the Sea 
and on the Land. 

Hartwig — The Sea and Ms Living 
Wondei s. 

Holtz Nature Study. 

Hyatt Commercial and Other Spon- 

SFONGES. 

Live sponges consist of jelly-like 
united in a mass and supported 
by a framework of horny fibers and 
needle-shaped objects called spicules. 
Found in all waters. Sponges for do- 
mestic use come from the Red and 
Mediterannean Seas, the Bahamas and 
l lorida. 

C< M. LECTION 847. 

Sponges: Horny Sponges. 

Include all our commercial forms. 
Skeleton consists of horny fibers. Gen- 
erally found in a few fathoms of 
water, on some rock or coral bottom. 

1. Grass Sponge. Coast of Florida. 
cheapest commercial sponge. 

2. Anclote Grass Sponge. Gulf of 
Mexico. 

3. Sheep's Wool Sponge, Florida. 

4. Cuba Velvet Sponge, West Indies. 

5. Hardhead Sponge, Florida. 

6. Hircina. Florida. 

The variety of form in this species 
from the flat and spreading to the 
vase-shaped and branching forms is al- 
most endless. 



63 



COLLECTION 848. 
Sponges: Horny Sponges. 

1. Florida Violet Sponge, Florida. 

2. Reef Sponge, Algoa Bay. 

3. Rope Sponge. West Indies. 

4. Wire Sponge, Gulf of Mexico. 

5. Elephant Ear, Mediterranean Sea. 
One of the most valuable toilet sponges. 

6. Sponge imbedded in coral. Coast 
of Florida. 

COLLECTION 849. 

Sponges: Horny-Silicious Sponges. 

The skeletons are formed of solid 
horny fibers and silicious or quartz- 
like spicules. T0O coarse to be of com- 
mercial value. 

1. Pipe Sponge, Bahamas. 

2. Finger Sponge, West Indies. 

3. Loggerhead Sponge, West Indies. 

4. Fringing Sponge, West Indies. 

5. Golden Sponge, Algoa Bay. 

6. Violet Sponge, Bahamas. 

7. Sea-Cake (Suberites). Cape Cod. 
Only sponge form which can subsist 

on the shifting sands. Pores so small 
that sand can not enter. 

COLLECTION 850. 
Sponges: Silicious or Glass Sponge. 

The highest order of sponges. Have 
the skeleton almost entirely composed 
of silicious spicules. 

1. Venus Flower Basket, Philippines. 

2. Glass Rope Sponge, Japan. 

3. Sulphur Sponge (Cliona). Trini- 
dad. Boring sponge. Penetrates shell 
of mussels, encloses and dissolves it. 
Bores also into lime-stone. 

4. Red Beard Sponge (Macrocliona). 
Forms branching masses a few inches 
in height. 

5. Sugar-Loaf Sponge (Tethya). 
Buzzard Bay. The threads at the bot- 
tom are curled together in a sort of 
wool. This catches all the small stones 
sifted out of the mud and enables the 
sponges to remain right-side up. 



FISHES. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 



Hartwig — The Sea and Its Living 
Wonders. 

Jordan — Guide to the Study of Fish- 
es. 

Linville-Kelley — Text-book in Gen- 
eral Zoology. 



COLLECTION 851. 

Fishes: Spiny-finned Fishes. 
Sun-fish. 



Bass and 



1. Black-bass. Eastern United 
States and Canada. Fresh-water fish. 
Strong and courageous. Feeds on 
other fishes. Excellent game fish. 

2. Sun-fish. Eastern United States. 
Ponds, brooks, and rivers. Beautifully 
colored, when taken from water. 



COLLECTION 852. 

Fishes: Spiny-finned Fishes, 
and Blue-fish. 



Ferch 



Hornaday — American 
tory. 



Natural His- 



1. Pirate Perch. Northeastern Sec- 
tion of United States. In lakes, ponds, 
and fresh water bays. Smallest of 
perches. 

2. Blue-fish. From Maine to Florida. 
Sea water fish. Near the coast. Very 
rapacious and destructive to other 
fishes. Fine food fish. 

COLLECTION 853. 
Fishes: Spiny-finned Fishes. 

1. Pompano. Southeastern coasts of 
United States. Very common on coasts 
of Florida. Food consists mainly of 
small shell-fish. Delicious fish for the 
table. 

2. Silver-Moon Fish. Florida coasts. 
Body compressed and thin. 

3. Sword of Sword-fish. Sword-fish 
found in all warmer seas. Snout elon- 
gated into sword-like formation, a very 
dangerous weapon. Very pugnacious. 
Feeds on smaller fishes, mackerel, 
blue-fish, etc. Flesh sliced and salted 
and considered good food. 

COLLECTION 854. 

Fishes: Spiny-finned Fishes. 

1. Gurnard. All warm and temper- 
ate seas. Finger-like appendages of 
pectoral fins used to feel the ground 
in search of crustaceans and other 
small marine animals. Shallow waters. 
Good food fish. 



64 



2. Sand-eel or Lance. Eastern coast 
of North America. In large numbers 
on sandy shores. When alarmed bury 
themselves in sand, darting in and oul 
like arrows. 

COLLECTION 855. 

Pishes : Pike Family. 

1. Muskallunge. (iieat Lake region. 
Fresh water fish. Voracious and de- 
structive to other fishes. Excellent 
food fish. 

2. Killy-fish. Southern States and 
Central America. Smallest of pike- 
family. In swamps and brooks. Bring 
forth their young- alive. 

Cl tLLECTK >.\ 856. 
Fishes: Trout, Salmon and Shad. 

1. Black-spotted Trout. Mississippi 
Valley and Western States. In rivers 
and lakes well stocked with smaller 
fishes, on which it feeds. Excellent 
game fish. 

2. Silver Salmon. Northwestern Unit- 
ed States and Alaska. Lives in sea 
water. In spring and summer il entei 
the large rivers and proceeds upwards 
for hundreds of miles to deposit eggs. 
Excellent food fish. 

3. Scales of Tarpon, (lie largest of 
the salmon family. 

4. Quinnat. Pacific coast from Cali- 
fornia to Alaska. Most valuable of 
salmon. 

5. Humpbacked Salmon. A species 
of the Northern Pacific, found as far 
South as Oregon. 

6. Common Shad. Along all the At- 
lantic coast, but most common from fhe 
Hudson to the Potomac. Invades rivers 
for the purpose of spawning. Next to 
cod and salmon the most important 
food fish. 

COLLECTION 857. 

Fishes: Herring Family. 

1. Common Herring. Both shores of 
the North Atlantic. FOund in immense 
schools. One of the most valuable 
food fishes. 

2. Anchovy. Coasts of most temper- 
ate and torrid regions. Swim in large 
schools. Salted and pickled they fur- 
nish excellent food. Also used as bait. 

3. Menhaden. Atlantic coast of 



United States. Very abundant, Yield 

menhaden oil. Used as bait. Young 

iishes canned in oil are sold as "Amer- 
ican sardines." 

'•' ELECTION 858. 

Fishes: Flying Fishes. 

1. Common Flying Fish. All trop- 
ical seas. Pectoral fins much enlarged 
acting as wings by means of which 
the fish may sail through the air. 
Lives in open seas, swimming in largo 
schools. 

2. Half-beak. Tropical and sub- 
tropical seas. Spear-like prolongation 
of lower jaw. pectorals quite long. 
Associate in large schools. 

COLLECTK 'X 859. 

Fishes: Chub and Sucker. 

1. Columbia Chub. Rivers of West- 
ern and Pacific States. Largest of 
American chubs. In shape resembles 
pike. Helps to check the increase of 
predatory fishes by devouring their 
eggs. 

2. Sucker. All streams of United 
Slates east of Rocky .Mountains. Feeds 
on small aquatic animals, sucking 
food from mud at bottom of streams. 
Of inferior value as food fish. 

COLLECTION 860. 

Fishes: Stickle-back. 

Stickle-back. Waters of Northern 
Hemisphere. In blackish water near 
the coast. Male builds nest of stems 
and other vegetable matter, tying ma- 
terial by means of secretion from 
gland on its abdomen. 

COLLECTION 861. 
Fishes: Solid- Jaw and Foot-Fishes. 

1. Trigger-fish. Tropical and sub- 
tropical waters. Strong jaws and 
teeth. Feeds on small mollusks. Flesh 
eaten in tropical regions. Skin used 
by carpenters in place of sand paper. 

2. Trunk-fish. Atlantic and Pacific 
coast of United States. Shape like 
triangular box. Used as food in the 
West Indies. 

3. Porcupine-fish. Tropical waters. 
Can expand itself to about twice its 
normal size. Back covered with strong 
bony spines. 



65 



4. Bat-fish. Coasts of tropical East- 
ern America. Forehead produced into 
an elongated kind of snout. Assumes 
an almost toad-like attitude on the 
ground. 

5. Puffer or Balloon Fish. Atlantic 
Coast. Capable of extraordinary dis- 
tension so that when inflated the fish 
appears like a globe. 

COLLECTION 862. 
Pishes: Cod Family. 

1. Common Cod. Waters of Northern 
Hemisphere. Lives in moderate depth 
of ocean, but .sometimes enters rivers. 
Most voracious of ordinary fishes. 
Feeds on almost anything that is eat- 
able in the ocean. Most valuable of food 
fishes. 

2. Pollock. Atlantic coast of United 
States. Food and habits much like 
those of cod fish. 

COLLECTION 863. 

Fishes: Flat Fishes. 

1. Flounder. Waters of Northern 
Hemisphere. Lies on bottom of ocean, 
flat on light side. Protective colora- 
tion, the back showing the color of the 
ground. Excellent food fish. 

COLLECTION 864. 
Fishes: Eels. 

1. Common Eel. Found in fresh and 
salt water in all streams of Eastern 
and Western Atlantic slope having di- 
rect communication with ocean. Young 
eels ascend the streams in immense 
numbers. Very voracious. Feeds on 
smaller fishes of all kinds. Important 
as food fish. 

2. Conger-eel. Temperate regions 
of Atlantic ocean. Larger than com- 
mon eel. Does not ascend rivers. 
Common market fish in England. 

COLLECTION 865. 

Fishes: Fipe-Fish and Sea-Horse. 

1. Pipe-fish. Almost all seas. Long, 
slender body of jointed bone. Male 
has pouch in which young are hatched. 
Lives among eelgrass near coast, feed- 
ing on minute crustaceans. Swims in 
half-vertical position. 



2. Sea-horse. Almost all seas. 
Swims in perpendicular position. When 
resting, holds itself by grasping any 
object witli its prehensile tail. Carries 
young in pouch. 

3. Needle Fish. One of several dif- 
ferent Kar-fishcs or bill-fishes — any be- 
lonid; so-called from the sharp slender 
snout. 

1. Sting-ray Fish. A batoid, having 
a long, smooth, flexible, lash-like tail 
armed near the base with a bony spine 
"several inches long, sharp at the point, 
and serrated along the sides. Capable 
of inflicting severe and painful wounds 
that seem to lie poisoned by the slime 
with which the sting is covered. 

COLLECTION 866. 
Fishes: Ganoids or Armored Fishes. 

1. Sturgeon. Waters of North Tem- 
perate zone. Covered with five rows 
of bony plates. Mouth underneath 
head to enable fish to take food off the 
bottom of the water. Ascends rivers 
for the purpose of spawning. This 
specimen was caught in the Meramec 
river. Fine food fish. From the eggs 
caviar is prepared. 

2. Dog-fish or Bow-fin. Lakes and 
rivers of Eastern United States. Air- 
bladder divided into cells and func- 
tions as a lung. Voracious, consuming 
large ' numbers of smaller aquatic ani- 
mals. Flesh of no value. 

3. Long-nosed Gar-pike. Widely dis- 
tributed in lakes and rivers of the 
United States. Covered with hard 
scales laid on in oblique series. Air- 
bladder like that of dog-fish. Flesh 
unfit for food. 

COLLECTION 867. 
Fishes: Sharks and Skates. 

1. Mackerel Shark or Porbeagle. At- 
lantic coast of North America. Very 
rapacious. Feeds on fishes, crusta- 
ceans and mollusks Oil from the liv- 
ers used as substitute for cod-liver 
oil. 

2. Jaw of Blue Shark. 

3. Es\sr of Shark. 

4. Saw-fish. Southern Atlantic coasts 
and Gulf of Mexico. Snout prolonged 
into a very long fiat blade with strong 
enameled teeth on either side. Attacks 
ail larger inhabitants of the sea, espe- 
cially the whale. 



66 



5. Saw of Saw-fish. 

6. Thornback Skate or Stingy Ray. 
Nearly all seas. Lies flat on sandy 
bottom, feeding on crabs and shell- 
fish. Tail whip-like armed with saw- 
teeth, a very dangerous weapon. 

7. Jaw of man-eating Shark. 

COLLECTION 868. 

Fish Products. 

Isinglass. Cleaned and dried swim- 
ming bladders of sturgeons and other 
fishes. Used in confectionery and in 
clarifying wines and beer. 



PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
OF FISHES. 

Framed Colored Plates Showing Fishes 

Pound in the Waters of the 

"United States. 

Size, 10x12 Inches. 

COLLECTION 869. 

Colored Charts. 

1. White Perch. 

2. Yellow or Barred Perch. 

3. Pike Perch. 

4. White Bass. 

5. Sea Bass. 

6. Striped Bass. 

7. Small-mouthed Black Bass. 

8. Large-mouthed Black Bass. 

COLLECTION 870. 
Colored Charts. 

1. Scup Porgy. 

2. Bull Head. 

3. Weak Fish. 

4. Common Mackerel. 

5. Spanish Mackerel. 

6. Bonito. 

COLLECTION 871. 
Colored Charts. 

1. Tomcod or Frogfish. 

2. Bluefish. 

3. Brook Sucker. 

4. Eel. 

5. Butterfish. 



COLLECTION 872. 
Colored Charts. 

1. Sheepshead. 

2. Shad. 

3. Hickory Shad. 

4. Alewife or Branch Herring. 

5. Pike Pickerel. 

6. Banded Pickerel. 

7. Atlantic Salmon. 

8 and 9. Landlocked Salmon. (Male 
and Female.) 

COLLECTION 873. 

Colored Charts. 

1. Lake Trout. 

2 and 3. Brook Trout (male and fe- 
male). 

4. Rocky Mountain Trout. 

5. Rainbow Trout. 

6. Steelhead or Salmon Trout. 

7 and S. Canadian Red Trout (male 
and female). 

9. Brown Trout. 

10. Sunapee Trout. 

11. Smelt. 

COLLECTION 874. 
Colored Charts. 



1. 


Whitefish. 


2. 


Round Whitefish. 


3. 


Creek Chub. 


4. 


River Chub. 


5. 


Red-sided Minnow. 


6. 


Red-nosed Minnow. 


7. 


Blunt-nosed Minnow. 


8. 


Silverside (male and female) 


9. 


Roach. 




COLLECTION 875. 




Colored Charts. 


1. 


Bream. 


2. 


Mummichock. 


3. 


Sunfish. 


4. 


Long-eared Sunfish. 


5. 


Tautog. 


6. 


Cisco. 


7. 


Bergall. 


8. 


Fallfish. 


9. 


Black-nosed Dace. 


10. 


Common White Sucker. 



large Colored Charts Illustrating Sea 
Life. 

COLLECTIONS. 

876. Snail. 

877. Sawfish. 



67 

To the Teacher: — ■ 

Use this blank pag~e to insert additional collections 878 to 900, to toe given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Pape 67. 

Large Colored Charts Illustrating - 
Sea Life. 

867-a. Man-eating Shark. 

878. Fresh-water Fish. (6 Specimens). 

879. Whalebone Whale. 

880. Sea Fish. (6 Specimens). 



68 



MOUNTED MAMMALS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Hornaday — American Natural His- 
tory. 

Holtz — Nature Study. 

Linville-Xelley — Text-book in Gen- 
eral Zoology. 

Farker-Haswell — Zoology. 

Stone-Cram — Animals. 

Mammals: Bats. 

COLLECTIONS. 

900. Little Brown Bat. North Amer- 
ica east of Rocky Mountains. In- 
sectivorous. Congregate about dwell- 
ings, old buildings and hollow trees. 
Nocturnal, resting during the day by 
means of hanging head down by hind 
limbs. Hibernating 1 . 

901. Silver-haired Bat. Most com- 
mon species in northern part of the 
United States. Passes the day in hollow 
trees. Food and habits like those of 
the Brown Bat. 

902. Long-eared Bat. One of sev- 
eral hats, whose ears are notably long 
or large, especially plecotus auritusj 
a common European species. 

903. Philippine Bat. An unusually 
large bat, native of the Philippine Is- 
lands. 

Mammals: Insectivorous Animals. 

C< ELECTIONS. 

904. Common Sinew. Northern Unit- 
ed States. Puts proboscis-like nose 
into crevices of hark of hollow trees 
for insects. Favorite haunts underneath 
« I piles and logs. Prefers neighbor- 
hood of streams 

905. Common Mole. Common through- 
out United States. Burrows near 
surface of ground for insects and 
warms. Destructive to roots or garden 
and field plants. Form and parts of 
body particularly well adapted to mode 
of life. 

906. Garden Mole. An insectivorous 
mammal of which there are several 
species. Much alike in general appear- 
ance and habits, all living under ground 
where they burrow with wonderful 
facility and construct galleries often of 
great extent. They have small c 
rudimentary eyes and ears, sharp snout, 



no visible neck, strong and highly fos- 
sorial fore feet and short tail. They 
feed chiefly on earth worms. 

907. Hedgehog. United States and 
throughout Europe. Woods and hedge- 
rows, living in burrows in winter. 
Nocturnal. When attacked rolls itself 
into a ball. Bristles inflict painful 
wound. 

Mammals: Carnivorous Animals. 

COLLECTIONS. 

908. Domestic Cat. 

909. Wild Cat. Formerly every- 
where in the United States, but dis- 
appearing before civilization. Lives in 
hollow trees and caverns among tne 
rocks and ledges. Destructive, eagerly 
hunted by farmers. Ferocious and un- 
tamable Fur valued. 

910. Coyote. Northern Mississippi 
Valley to Rocky Mountains. Lives in 
burrows on the plains. Feeds on rab- 
bits, ground squirrels and mice. Hunts 
in packs at night. 

911. Red Fox. North America and 
Europe. Lives in burrows in the 
ground. Preys on birds and smaller 
animals Very cunning and cautious. 

912. Raccoon. Northern United 
States to Rocky Mountains. Lives near 
the water, along the borders of swamps 
and brooksides. Omnivorous; eats 
anything, animal or -vegetable. Dips 
food in water before eating. 

913. Badger. Western North Amer- 
ica. Lives in burrows of its own dig- 
ging. Feeds on smaller prairie mam- 
mals, also on insects and snakes. Rare- 
ly leaves its den in winter. 

914. Martin. United States and Eu- 
rope Expert climber. Nocturnal. 
Very voracious. Feeds on eggs, bird 3, 
and small quadrupeds. Ruinous vis- 
itor to farm yards. Fur valuable. 

915. Ferret. Europe. Feeds on small 
reptiles and quadrupeds, eggs, and 
birds. Sometimes domesticated a d 
used for rabbit-hunting. Fur valued. 

916. Black-footed Ferret. Western 
North America. Food and ha 1 its like 
those of European ferret. 

917. Mink. Northern parts of North 
America, along streams, especia'ly 
near woods. Feeds on fish, small rep- 
tiles, quadrupeds, and birds. Fur very 
valuable when taken in winter. 

918. Weasel. Various species in all 
parts of United States. Very pre8a- 



69 



ceous. Often kills for the mere joy ot 
killing. Feeds on all kinds of small 
quadrupeds and birds, but in summer 
often lives on grasshoppers and bee- 
tles. House under stumps and in the 
hollow roots of old trees. 

919. Skunk. United States and Can- 
ada. Odor, means of defense, very 
strong and offensive. Feeds on eggs, 
birds, small quadrupeds, and chiefly on 
insects. Hibernates in burrows. 

920. Ermine. (Winter and Summer 
Fur.) Northern regions of America 
and Furope. Destructive to small 
quadrupeds and birds. Fond of eggs. 
Color of fur brown in winter and white 
in summer. 

Mammals: Gnawing Animals. 

COLLECTIONS 

921. Jack Rabbit. Western United 
States and Canada. Largest of the rab- 
bit family. Home beneath a clump 
or bush in the prairie. Feeds on veg- 
etables, grass, and weeds. Flesh ex- 
cellent. 

922. Cottontail Rabbit. Common in 
the United States. Digs its burrow in 
fields, groves, and meadows. Feeds on 
fruit, vegetables, grass, and weeds. 
Destructive to young trees by gnaw- 
ing their bark. Flesh very good. 

923. Guinea Pig. Domesticated. Wild 
in the woods of Brazil and Paraguay, 
where it is called Aperea. 

924. Red Squirrel. Northern United 
States and Canada. Quarrelsome, 
noisy and mischievous. Feeds on nuts, 
seeds of pine cones, corn, and vege- 
tables. 

925. Western Fox Squirrel. Western 
United States. Largest of the squirrel 
family. Feeds on wild fruit, berries, 
pine cones, and corn. Less provident 
in preparing for the cold season. 

926. Gray Squirrel. United States. 
In hollow branches or trunk of trees. 
Feeds on fruits, nuts, seeds, and veg- 
etables. Lays in store for winter. 

927. Flying Squirrel. A squirrel or 
squirrel-like animal having a fold of 
skin like a parachute along each side 
of the body by means of which it is 
enabled to make long flying leaps 
through the air. 

928. Ground Squirrel or Striped 
Gopher. Western United States and Can- 
ada. Lives in burrows on the prairies. 
Feeds on nuts and grain, of which 



large Supplies are put away for the 

winter months. Uses cheek pouches 
to carry off food. 

929. Franklin Spermophile or Gray 
Gopher. Western United States and 
Canada. Burrows among thickets in 
sandy soil, food and habits like those 
of .may gopher. 

930. Pocket Gopher. Mississippi Val- 
ley. Burrows in the ground. Lives 
in communities. Nocturnal. Large cheek 
pouches opening outside of the mouth. 
Feeds on roots and vegetables. 

931. Western Chipmunk. Western 
region of United States. Among the 
locks of the western mountains. Digs 
burrows in ground, in which it hiber- 
nates. Feeds mi seeds, main, berries, 
grasshoppers and sometimes robs 
birds' nests of their eggs. 

932. Meadow Mouse or Prairie Vole. 
Upper Mississippi Valley. Inhabits old 
nil hills or burrows of its own dig- 
ging in the prairies. Feeds on nuts, 
acorns and grain. Does great damage 
by gnawing at stalks of corn. 

S33. Muskrat. Northern and Central 
United States and Canada. Lives in 
shallow water, ponds, and river banks, 
using its vertically flattened tail for 
sculling. In fall constructs houses of 
rushes and mud. Feeds on roots, young 
shoots, and fresh-water mussels. 

934. White-footed Deer Mouse. Cen- 
tral United States, east of Rocky 
Mountains. Most beautiful of mice. In 
woods. Makes home in hollow roots 
and branches of trees. Lays up store 
of nuts, grain, and seeds for winter. 

935. Common House Mouse. Known 
everywhere. 

936. Brown Rat. A rodent of some 
of the larger species of the genus mus. 

937. Prairie Dog. Western United 
States. Lives in colonies in burrows 
on the prairies. Feeds on grasses and 
roots. 

938. Groung Hog • or Woodchuck. 
North America. Burrows in woods, 
prairies, and meadows. Feeds on roots 
and vegetables; especially fond of red 
clo\er. Hibernates. Peculiar superstition 
regarding its appearance on 2nd of Feb- 
ruary. 

939. Porcupine. Southern Europe. 
Natural armor of defense firmed of 
sharp stiff bristles which may grow to 
the length of a foot. Nocturnal. Hiber- 
nates in burrows. 



70 



Illustrations of Mammals: Gnawing- 
Animals. Large Colored Charts. 

COLLECTIONS. 

940. Rabbit. 

941. Flying Squirrel. 

COLLECTION 942. 

Mammals: Pouched Animals. 

Opossum. Only pouched animal of 
United States. Lives in trees, eating 
fruits, eggs, and other small animals. 
Feigns death, when attacked. Long 
hairless prehensile tail. Hair used in 
making felt hats. 

PREPARED BODIES OF ANI- 
MALS SHOWING BLOOD 
CIRCULATION AND 
NERVOUS SYS- 
TEM. 

(In Alcohol.) 

For Teachers College and High 
Schools. 

COLLECTION 943. 

Domestic Cat. 

COLLECTION 944. 

Squirrel. 

COLLECTION 945. 

Pigeon. 

COLLECTION 946. 

Pike. 

COLLECTK >X 947. 
Frog. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
ANIMALS. 

LARGE COLORED CHARTS. 

COLLECTIONS. 

948. Orang-Outang. 

949. Gorilla. 

950. Wolf. 



951. 


Hyena. 


952. 


Beaver. 


953. 


Elephant. 


954. 


Deer. 


955. 


Reindeer. 


956. 


Buffalo. 


957. 


Llama. 


958. 


Sheep. 


959. 


Dromedary. 


960. 


Giraffe. 


961. 


Polar Bear. 


962. 


Lion and Lioness. 


963. 


Kangaroo. 


964. 


Seal. 


965. 


Duckbill. 


966. 


Wild Hog. 



Following Large Colored Charts have 

been previously listed in Catalogue 

under numbers given here. 

COLLECTIONS. 



488. 


Ostrich. 


489. 


Pelican. 


490. 


Swan. 


491. 


Turkey. 


492. 


Stork. 


493. 


Owl. 


4b4. 


Ring-necked Pheasant. 


495. 


Crow. 


496. 


Woodpecker. 


497. 


Rooster. 


498. 


Rooster, Hen and Chicks. 


757. 


Crocodile. 


758. 


Lizard. 


759. 


Snake and Frog. 


876. 


Snail. 


877. 


Sawfish. 


940. 


Rabbit. 


941. 


Flying Squirrel. 



SMALL GLASS COVERED CHARTS. 
Mammals. 

COLLECTIONS. 

967. Virginia Deer. 

968. Adirondack Deer. 

969. Moose. 

970. Elk. 

COLLECTION 971. 

Illustrations of Animals. 

Mounted colored post cards — Pictures 
of Animal Life. 



71 



To the Teacher: 



Use this blank page to insert additional collections 972 to 1000, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Page 7 1 . 

Large Colored Charts Illustrating 
Mammals. 

961-a. Brown Bear. 
964-a. Walrus. 
966-a. Hippopotamus. 



72 



MINERALS. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Clapp — Thirty-six Observation Les- 
sons on Common Minerals. 

Crosby — Common Minerals and Rocks. 

Dana — The Geological Story. 

Dana — Minerals and How to Study 
Them. 

Heilprin — The Earth and Its Story. 

Patton— The Teacher's Aid. 

Farker — Man and Materials. 

Richards — First Lessons on Min- 
erals. 

Toothaker — Commercial Raw Ma- 
terials. 

COLLECTION 1000. 

Iron. 

Most useful and most widely spread 
of all metals. 

1. Hematite. Crystalline, massive or 
earthy. The earthy variety is rod 
ochre, used for making paint. 76 per 
cent, of iron ore used in the United 
States is hematite. 

2. Limonite. Brownish or yellowish. 
Yellow variety is earthy, called yellow 
ochre. Bog iron is limonite found in 
swamps. 9 per cent, of the iron ore 
mined in the United States is limonite. 

3. Magnetite. Black, crystalline or 
massive. Magnetic. 5 per cent, or iron 
ore in the United States is magnetite. 

4. Siderite. Carbonate of iron. In 
the early stages of iron manufacture it 
was the most important ore in the 
United States. Now it constitutes about 
10 per cent, of the iron ore mined. 

5. Pyrite. Iron sulphide. Massive or 
in cubical crystals. Widely distributed. 
Often mistaken for gold and called 
"Fool's Gold." 

6. Calcite with Hematite. 

7. Red Ochre. 

8. Yellow Ochre. 

COLLECTION 1001. 

Iron. 

Two Glass Cases showing Iron and 
its various products. 

Illustrations of Iron Industry. 

COLLECTIONS. 
1002. "Various Stereoscopic views 
illustrating iron industry. 



1003. iron Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one stereoscopic view. "Steam Shovel 
Loading Cars." 

1004. Iron Industry. Fifteen copies 
of one stereoscopic view: "Ladle Empty- 
ing Molten Metal into Moulds." 

COLLECTION 1005. 

Copper. 

Next to gold and silver in malleabil- 
ity and ductility; next to iron and steel 
in tenacity. Native copper occurs in 
beds and veins. Lake Superior region 
has the largest native copper beds in 
the world. 

1. Chalco-pyrite. Sulphide of cop- 
per and iron, sometimes bearing gold 
and silver. 

2. Bornite. Sulphide of copper and 
iron. Massive. Structure granular or 
compact. Color red or brown. 

3. Chalcocite. Sulphide of copper. 
Softest of the common copper ores. 
Color lead-gray, often blue or green. 

4. Malachite. Carbonate of copper. 
Massive. Color bright green. 

5. Azurite Carbonate of copper. 
Color various shades of azure blue. 

6. Ore containing copper, iron, quartz 
and talc. 

COLLECTION 1006. 

Illustrations of Copper Industry. 
Stereoscopic views representing Cop- 
per Industry. 

COLLECTION 1007. 

Zinc and Lend. 

Most of the zinc and lead used in our 
country is found in Missouri, Kansas 
and Illinois. 

1. Sphalerite, Zinc Blende or Black 
Jack. Sulphide of zinc, often contain- 
ing iron and manganese. Massive or in 
crystals. Lustre resinous. 

2. Smithsonite. Carbonate of zinc. 
Lustre glassy to pearly. Color varies 
from white to brown. 

3. Franklinite. Oxide of zinc, iron 
and manganese. Color iron black. 
Slightly magnetic. 

4. Galena or Lead Ore. Heavy, soft 
and malleable. Contains more or less 
silver. 

5. Cerussite. Carbonate of lead. Usu- 
ally massive. Color white to gray. 



73 



6. Calcite with sphalerite. 

7. Calcite with lead. 

8. Silver-lead ore. 

COLLECTION 1008. 
GoM and Silver. 

1. Gold ore. 

2. Gravel containing: gold. 

Gold occurs free in veins or in grav- 
els. In the latter case it is called al- 
luvial gold, occurring in flakes or as 
nuggets, due to rolling. South Africa, 
Colorado and Alaska are the most im- 
portant gold-producing regions. 

3. Sylvanite. Colorado. Contains both 
gold and silver. 

4. Silver. Mostly found with gold 
and like it in masses, threads or leaves 
in rocks. Principal silver producing 
countries are United States and Mexico. 

5. Argentite. Sulphide of silver. 
Found in Nevada, Arizona and the Lake 
Superior region. 

6. Gold and Antimony. New South- 
Wales. For antimony see collection 
1062. 

7. Argentiferous Quartz. 

COLLECTION 1009. 

Illustrations of Gold and Silver In- 
dustry. 

Stereoscopic views showing gold and 
silver mining. 

COLLECTION 1010. 

Illustrations of Mining. 

Stereoscopic views showing various 
phases of mining of metallic ores. 

COLLECTION 1011. 

Mining-. 

Ore Samples and commercial products 
from North American Mines, Frederick- 
town, Missouri. 

COLLECTION 1012. 

Quartz. 

Quartz or Silica occurs massive or in 
crystals. Hardest common mineral, 
scratching glass easily. Insoluble in 
water and the common acids. 25 per 
cent of the crust of the earth is 
quartz. Used in glass and pottery- 
making and for sandpaper. 
1. Massive Quartz. 



2. Quartz Crystal. Beautiful speci- 
mens are found in Hot Springs, Ark. 

Some quartz is milky in appearance. 
The presence of various element fc forms 
the following varieties, some of which 
are used as ornamental stones: 

3. Amethyst.* 

4. Rose Quartz. 

5. Opal. 

6. Chalcedony. 

7. Agate. 

8. Smoky Topaz. 

9. Jasper. 

10. Flint. Produces fire when struck 
with steel. Used for knives and arrow 
points in early times. 

11. Fragments of Quartz Geodes. 
Compact crystallizations of quartz. 

12. Onyx. 

13. Heliotrope or Bloodstone. 

COLLECTION 1013. 
Silicined Woods. 

Woods in which the woody matter 
has given way to quartz molecules. 
The structure of the wood remains. 

1-6. Various specimens of silicifled 
woods, polished and unpolished. 

COLLECTION 1014. 

Illustrations of Silicined "Woods. 

Stereoscopic views representing sili- 
cified woods and regions where they 
are found. 

COLLECTION 1015. 
Granite. 

Consists of quartz, feldspar and mica. 
Widely distributed. Forms the core of 
many mountain ranges. Used in build- 
ing, paving, and for monuments. 

1-3. Various specimens of granite. 

4. Syenite Granite. Contains quartz, 
feldspar and hornblende. 

COLLECTION 1016. 
Illustrations of Granite Industry. 

Stereoscopic views representing 

granite, granite quarries, etc. 

COLLECTION 1017. 
Minerals of Which Granite is Formed. 
1. Feldspar. Widely distributed. 
Easily split into blocks or plates. Color 



74 



white or flesh-red. Used in the manu- 
facture of pottery and tiles. 

2. Mica. Often wrongly called isin- 
glass. World-wide. Easily split into 
thin leaves. Used for stove doors and 
lamp chimneys. 

3. Quartz. See collection 1012. 

COLLECTION 1018. 
Limestone. 

Most common of the sedimentary 
rocks. Large beds Sound in the Central 
States. Formed from calcareous skele- 
tons of invertebrates or by precipita- 
tion of carbonate of lime from fresh or 
salt water solution. Used as building 
stone. 

1. Fossil Invertebrates, from which 
limestone is formed. 

2-3. Black and White Limestone. 

Hydraulic Limestone. Yields ce- 



4. 
ment. 

5. 

6. 

cite. 

7. 
8. 
9. 



Calcite. Crystalline limestone. 
Dog-tooth Spar. Variety of cal- 

Rhomb Spar. Variety of calcite. 
Iceland Spar. Variety of calcite. 
Aragonite. Finest of crystalline 



limestone. 

COLLECTION 1019. 
Other Limestone Formations. 

1-2. Stalagmite and Stalactite. Cave 
formations, calcium carbonate being 
deposited from dripping or standing 
water. 

4-7. Varieties of Marble. Marble is 
limestone subjected to heat and press- 
ure in the presence of moisture. Used 
in building and in sculpture. 

8. Dolomite. Carbonate of calcium 
and magnesium. .Sometimes called 
magnesian limestone. Durable build- 
ing stone. 

9. Polished specimens of stalagmite 
and stalactite. 

10. Calcareous Tufa. Variety of cal- 
cite. Deposited around the mouths of 
springs and along the beds of streams 
which these springs form, enveloping 
stones, roots, grasses, etc. 

11. Chalk. Kansas. Occurs abun- 
dantly in great strata. Easily broken 
and pulverized. Used to make lime 
for polishing metal and glass, as mark- 
ing material, and for writing in the 
shape of crayon. 



COLLECTION 1020. 
Limestone: Domestic Marble. 

1. Black Marble. Vermont. 

2. Extra Dark Marble. Vermont. 

3. Verde Antique Marble. Vermont 

4. Royal Blue Marble. Vermont. 

5. Ebony Marble. Vermont. 

6. Mahogany Marble. Vermont. 

7. Italian Marble. Vermont. 

8. Oriental Marble. Vermont. 

9. White Marble. Vermont. Show- 
ing various stages of development. 

COLLECTIOX 1021. 

Illustrations of Marble Quarrying-, 
Vermont. 

Fifteen copies of one stereoscopic 
view— ••.Marble Quarry of Vermont." 

COLLECTION 1022. 

Illustrations of Marble Quarrying - . 
Photographs of Marble Quarry in 
Vermont. 

COLLECTION 1023. 

Limestone: Domestic Marble. 

1. Varieties of Tennessee Marble. 

2. Varieties of Georgia Marble. 

COLLECTIOX 1024. 
Limestone: Foreign Marble. 

1. Statuary Marble. Italy. 

2. Porphyritic Marble. Italy. 

3. Stalagmite Marble. Gibraltar. 

4. Rosewood Marble. England. 

5. Serpentine Marble, [reland. 

6. I'ollino Marble. Saxony. 

COLLECTION 1025. 

Limestone. 

1-2. Glass cases showing various 
forms of limestone. 

COLLECTION 1026. 

Illustrations of Limestone Formations. 

Various stereoscopic views showing 
limestone formations. 

COLLECTION 1027. 
Sandstone and Slate. 
Sedimentary formation consisting of 



75 



small quartz grains held together by 
lime or some other cementing materia!. 
Common colors white, gray, brown, and 
red. Used for building and ornamental 
work, for paving and making mill- 
stones and grindstones. 

1-4. Varieties of Sandstone. 

Slate is a fine-grained deep-water 
formation. Cleavage due to pressure 
and folding of rocks. Color generally 
gray, passing into shades of blue, green 
and red. Used for roofs, blackboards 
and school slates and ground up as a 
pigment for paint. 

5-6. Red and Black Slate. 

COLLECTION 1028. 

Gneiss and Schist. 

Like granite, composed of feldspar, 
mica and quartz, but arrangement is in 
parallel planes. Can easily be split 
into layers. 

1. Gneiss. 

Schist has the same constituents as 
granite and gneiss, mica predominat- 
ing. Of little economic value. 

2. Mica Schist. 

3. Chlorite Schist. 

4. Hornblende Schist. 

5. Garnet in Schist. 

COLLECTION 1029. 
Lava. 

Hard, tough, and dark-colored rock 
formed of masses issued by eruptions 
from volcanoes. Article used by jewel- 
ers as lava is a cement of volcanic ash 
and water. The material which covers 
Pompeii is largely of this nature. 
Diabase is underground lava. 

All lavas are finely crystalline, due 
to rapid cooling. 

1. Obsidian or Volcanic Glass. 

2. Volcanic Ash. 

3. Basalt. 

4. Anorthite, Mt. Vesuvius. 

5. Pumice. Used as polishing ma- 
terial. 

6. Dendritic Lava. So called from 
tree-like formations on surface. 

7. Manharite. 

COLLECTION 1030. 

Coarsely Crystalline Igneous Bocks. 
Found underground. Crystals are 
coarse because of slow cooling. 
1. Pyroxene. 



2. Diabase. 

3. Sahlite. The Tyrol. 

4. Diorite. 

Illustrations of Volcanoes. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1031. Various stereoscopic views 
illustrating volcanic action. 

1032. Volcanic Action — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one stereoscopic view "Mallibon, 
Strange River of Fire— St. Vincent, 
B. W. I." 

1033. Volcanic Action — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one stereoscopic view "Mammoth 
Crater — St. Vincent, B. W. I." 

1034. Volcanic Action— Fifteen cop- 
ies of one stereoscopic view "Crumbling 
Ash Deposits— St. Vincent, B. W. I." 

COLLECTION 1035. 

Coal. 

Coal is the result of the gradual 
change which has taken place during 
past ages in organic deposits, chiefly 
vegetable. Thus it passed from forms 
such as peat and lignite, which still 
retain the structure of the vegetable 
matter, to soft or bituminous coal and 
further to hard or anthracite coal and 
to graphite. 

1. Peat. 

2. Lignite. 

3. Soft Coal. 

4. Hard Coal. 

5. Graphite. See collection 1045. 

6. Gilsonite or Asphalt. Utah. Min- 
eral substance formed by the decom- 
position of organic matter. Found in 
a pure state and mixed with clay, 
shale, sandstone, and limestone. Used 
as paving material and for the making 
of cement and varnish. 

Illustrations of Coal Mining'. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1036. Various stereoscopic views 
illustrating peat regions and coal min- 
ing. 

1037. Coal Industry — Fifteen copies 
of one stereoscopic view "Cutting Peat 
in the Allen Bogs — Ireland." 

1038. Coal Industry — Fifteen copies 
of one stereoscopic view "Miners En- 
tering Shaft." 

1039. Coal Industry — Fifteen copies 
of one stereoscopic view "Digging into 
the Hillside — Pennsylvania." 



76 



COLLECTION 1040. 
Coal. 

Three glass cases showing Coal in 
its various stages of development. 

COLLECTION 1041. 

Illustrations of Peat Industry. 

Chart showing the cutting of Peat. 

Miscellaneous Minerals. 

COLLECTION'S. 

1042. Cinnabar. Sulphide of mercury. 
Ore from which mercury is obtained. 
Color generally cochineal red. Princi- 
pal mines in our country in California, 
Nevada and Utah. 

1043. Bauxite. The only ore from 
which aluminum is i 

in Arkansas, Alab 

and in Prance and Ireland. 

1044. Sulphur. Found abundantly In 
the neighborhood of volcanoes. Princi- 
pal mines in Southern Italy and £ 
Used in the manufacture of gunpowder, 
matches, and as a disinfectant. 

1045. Graphite or Plumbago. Char- 
acteristics: extreme softness, iron black 
color and metallic, lustre. Principal 
mines in East Siberia, Ceylon and Bo- 
hemia. Used for makin p ucils, 
stove blacking, paint and lubricants. 

1046. Asbestos. Fibrous mineral. In- 
combustible. Owing to its fibrous text- 
ure. It can in* woven into cloth 

i mi theater curtains and gs for 

boilers and steam pipes. t'ri 
mines near ijuei.ee, Canada. 

1047. Rock Salt. Occurs in beds of 
rock masses and is mined in lumps 
like ore or coal.. Principal mine in 
Wieliczka, Austria. In the United States 
salt mines are found in New York, 
Louisiana, Texas, Michigan and Utah. 

1048. Phosphate Rock. Southern 
Stales, Canada and Central Europe. 
Used in the preparation of fertilizers. 
Also yields the phosphorus for the man" 
ufacture of matches. 

COLLECTION 1049. 
Illustrations of Salt Mining. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating Salt 
Mining. 

COLLECTION 1050. 
Gypsum. 
Occurs in extensive beds in central 



portion of United States west of the 
Mississippi. Does not effervesce with 
acids like calcite. Soft. 

1. Massive Gypsum. Color usually 
white, sometimes, red, gray, yellow or 
blue. The fine grained variety is called 
alabaster, from which fine vases are 
made. 

2. Red Gypsum. 

3. Selenite. Crystallized Gypsum. 
Colorless and transparent. Splits into 
thin, brittle lea\es. 

4. Satin Spar. Fibrous gypsum 
abundant in Mammoth Cave, Ky., and 
in the Garden of the Gods, Colora lo 

COLLECTION 1051. 

Illustrations of Ruby Mining. 

Stereoscopic views, illustrating Ruby 
M uiing. 

Miscellaneous Minerals. 

I ' ELECTIONS. 

1052. Corundum, oxide of aluminum. 

Next to diamond in hardness. EJndei 
the term "emery" it is used as an abra 

Ftul nd Sapphire are forms 

of crystallized cot undum. 

1053. Beryl. One of the very hard 
minerals, i irald green to light- 
blue. Tlie emerald is a green va 

of berj l. 

1054. Strontianite. Carbonate of 
strontium. Ones intense red flame 
when treated with hydrochloric acid. 

1055. Celestite. Sulphate of stron- 
tium. Often associated with lime- 
May lie recognized by its in- 
solubility iii acids ami by the red flame 

i i in:; alter treating the fused 
specimen with alcohol or hydrochloric 

acid. 

1056. Talc. Very soft. Can be in- 
dented with linger nail. Feels greasy. 
Two varieties: (a) foliated. easily 

into leaves; (b) massive, 
known as steatite, from which a cer- 
tain kind of crayon and pencil is made. 

1057. Soapstone. Impure variety of 
talc. 

1058. Tourmaline. Black mineral 
in some granite rocks. Resembles 
hornblende, but is harder and more 
brilliant. Red and green varieties are 
used as gems. Crystals, when rubbed 
or heated, become electric and attract 
hairs and fibers. 



77 



Miscellaneous Ores. 

COLLECTION 1059. 

Arsenic Ores. 

Arsenic Ore. From it is obtained 
the arsenic of commerce. Employed 
in the preparation of dyes, in the mak- 
ing of glass, and as a poison to de- 
stroy vermin. 

1. Orpiment. Species of arsenic ore. 
Color lemon yellow. Softer than cal- 
cite. 

2. Realgar. Species of arsenic ore. 
Color morning red to orange. On 
charcoal burns with blue flame. Often 
associated with orpiment. 

COLLECTION 1060. 

Manganese Ores. 

Manganese. Three species. Found 
mostly in Russia. Used in the produc- 
tion of steel and manufacture of 
bleaching agents. 

1. Philomelane. Color iron black to 
dark steel gray. Common but impure 
ore of manganese. 

2. Pyrolusite. Oxide of manganese. 
Color iron black. Much softer than 
philomelane. 

3. Dendrite. So-called from the 
peculiar tree-like forms found in cer- 
tain manganese ores. 

Miscellaneous Ores. 
COLLECTIONS. 

1061. Chrome. Chromite. Oxide of 
iron and chromium. Color black, streak 
brown. Sometimes feebly magnetic. 

1062. Antimony. Stibnite, Also called 
antimony glance. Fine metallic lustre. 
Color lead gray. Easily fusible. Lit- 
tle harder than graphite. 

1063. Tin. Cassiterite. High specific 
gravity. Hardness almost that of 
quartz. Stream tin (specimen in bot- 
tle) the ore in state of sand. Oc- 
curs in small quantities in Virginia, 
Maine, California, and Montana. 

COLLECTION 1064. 
Aluminum. 

1. Bauxite. Ore from which alumi- 
num is obtained. 

2. Alumina. Bauxite is shipped to 
purifying plants where the impurities 
are removed, leaving the pure oxide of 



aluminum, or alumina, in the shape of 
a white powder. 

3. Ingot of Aluminum. Through re- 
moving the oxygen by electrical energy 
the alumina is reduced to aluminum 
which is then run into moulds similar 
to the small ingot in this collection. 

4. Aluminum Wire. 

5. Aluminum Sheeting. 

6. Aluminum Tubing. 

7. Aluminum Castings. 

COLLECTION 1065. 
Talc. 

1. Talc or Soapstone. See collections 
1056 and 1057. 

2. Talc Pencils formerly used for 
writing. 

3. Talc cut into various forms. 

COLLECTION 1066. 

Carborundum. 

Carborundum is a manufactured ma- 
terial. Coke crushed and ground to a 
fine powder is mixed with glass sand, 
and salt and sawdust added. This mix- 
ture is placed in an electric furnace 
through which for 36 hours an elec- 
tric current of one thousand horse 
power is passed producing a heat of 
7000° Fahr. When the furnace is cool 
the mixture is found converted into 
beautifully colored crystals. 

1. Coke. ( Crude materials from 

2. Sawdust. J which carborundum 

3. Sand. j is made. 
I. Salt. I 

5. Crude Carborundum. Next to the 
diamond the hardest substance. 

6. Varieties of Carborundum Crys- 
tals, Gi-ains, and Powders. Used in the 
manufacture of wheels, disks, hones, 
and carborundum cloth and paper. 

7. Carborundum Cloth. Used as an 
abrasive. 

8. Carborundum Paper. Used for the 
same purposes as sandpaper. 

9. Carborundum Wheel. Made of a 
mixture of clay and carborundum crys- 
tals and grains. 

10. Scythe Stone. Made of carbo- 
rundum powder. 

11. Slip Stone. Made of carborundum 
powder. 

12. Oil Stone. Made of carborundum 
powder. 

13. Varieties of carborundum disks 
used for dental work. 



78 



COLLECTION 1067. 

Minerals. 

Eleven duplicate boxes, containing 
twelve specimens each, of the World's 
Fair Collection of Idaho minerals. 

1. A Gold-bearing ore. 

2. Chalcedony. 

3. Amazon Stone. 

4. Black Moss Agate. 

5. Lithia Mica. 

6. Petrified Wood. 

7. Precious Opal. 

8. Smoky Topaz. 

9. Galena. 

10. Satin Spar. 

11. Lime-soda Feldspar. 

12. Rose Quartz. 



COLLECTION 1068. 

Minerals. 

One box Manhattan collection of min- 
erals. Thirty-six pieces arranged ac- 
cording to Dana's "Minerals and How to 
Study Them." 

COLLECTION 1069. 
Fossil Formations. 

1. Fossil Trilobites — Paleozoic, Si- 
lurian. 

2. Various other fossil formations 
of the Paleozoic Era. 

3. Fossil formations of the Mesozoic 
Era. 

4. Fossil formations of the Tertiary 
Era. 

5. Concretions containing fossils; 
taken from the coal measures of Mazon 
Creek, Grundy Co., 111. 



79 

To the Teacher: — 

Use this blank pag-e to insert additional collections 1070 to 1100 to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



80 



CHARTS ILLUSTRATING 
PHYSIOLOGY. 

largfe Colored Charts, Showing - Various 
Organs of the Human Body. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1100. Thoracic Cavity ami Organs of 
Circulation. 

1101. Respiratory Organs. 

1102. Alimentary Tract. 

1103. Digestive Organs. 

1104. Chest, Abdomen and Blood 
Circulation. 

1105. Skeleton of Man. 

1105a. Organs of the Senses 
and I . 

COLLECTION 1106. 

Physiology. 

One set of twelve lithographic plates 
showing the formation of teeth and 
jawbone from Birth to Old Age. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OF 

LANGUAGE LESSONS. 

Large Colored Charts for the Illustra- 
tion of Language Lessons in the 
Kindergarten and the Pri- 
mary Grades. 

Size, 22x2S Inches. 

COLLECT!" »NS. 



1106a. 


Tannery. 


1107. 


Carpenter Shop 


1108. 


Blacksmith Shop. 


1109. 


Pottery Shop. 


1110. 


Bakery Shop, 


1111. 


Cooper Shop. 


1112. 


Village and Pond. 


1113. 


Plowing. 


1114. 


Wanderer and hail; 


1115. 


Horse and Sparrow. 


1116. 


Dancing Bear. 


1117. 


Fox and Duck. 


1118. 


Ducks in Pond. 


1119. 


Pigpen. 


1120. 


Goat and Dog. 


1121. 


Horse. 


1122. 


Cat. 


1123. 


Dog. 


1124. 


Donkey. 


1125. 


Boy and Bird. 


1126. 


Cow and Calf. 


1127. 


Spring. 



1128. Summer. 

1129. Autumn. 

1130. Winter. 

The Following Eighteen Charts have 

been previously listed in Catalogue 

under numbers as given here. 

Illustrations of Language Lessons. 

COLLECTIONS. 

325. (loose. 

497. Rooster. 

498. Rooster, Hen and Chicks. 

494. Ring-necked Pheasant. 
493. <>\vl. 

496. Woodpecker. 

495. Crow. 

488. Ostl 

489. Pelican. 

490. Swan. 

491. Turkey. 

492. Stork. 

759. Snake and Frog. 

876. Snail. 

958. Sheep. 

941. Flying Squirrel. 

954. Deer. 

962. Lion and Lioness. 



ASTRONOMICAL 
CHARTS. 

ci ELECTIONS. 

1131. Revolution of the Moon aboul 
the Earth. 

1132. Movemenl of the Earth about 
i ;■• sun. 

1133. The C parative Sizes of the. 

I 'lanets. 

1134. Central Sun and View of the 
d Stars. 

1135. Solar System. 

1136. The Sun seen through a Tele- 

1137. The .Moon seen through a Tele- 

1138. The Moon's Phases. 

1139. The Tides and Eclipses of Sun 
and Moon. 

1140. Map of the Heavens showing 
Stars which are visible during the en- 
tire year. 

1141. Signs of the Zodiac and Change 
asons. 

1142. Atmospheric Phenomena. 

1143. Comets and Aerolites. 

1144. The Earth and its Atmosphere. 



81 



CHARTS SHOWING 

TYPES OF 

ARCHITECTURE. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1145. Egyptian. 

1146. Greek. 

1147. Roman. 

1148. Gothic. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
ANCIENT HISTORY. 

Large Colored Charts 22x28 Inches, and 
Photogravures 12x16 Inches in Size. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1149. Hekate Group. 

1150. Dedication of Greek Temple. 

1151. Temple of Neptune. 

1152. Lemnian Atliena. Phidias. 

1153. < > I > mpian Games. 

1154. 1 >emos1 iM'nes. 

1155. Theater of Dionysius in Athens. 

1156. A Roman Camp. 

1157. Forum Romanum. 

1158. Interior of a Roman House. 

1159. Roman Lady at Her Toilet. 

1160. Vestal Virgins. 

1161. Teutonic Life. 

1162. Emperor Hadrian. 

1163. Emperor Trajan. 

1164. Emperor Marcus Aurelius. 

1165. Empress Faustina in the Tem- 
ple at Praene^te. 



1166. 
1167. 
1168. 

tine. 

1169. 
up Ambi'ose. 

1170. Last 
tors. 



Death of Commodus. 
Emperor ( lonstantine. 

Triumphal Arch of Constan- 

Emperor Theodosius and Bish- 
Combat of the Gladia- 



1171. 

I inch. 

1172. 

tioch. 
1173. 
1174. 



Chariot Race in Circus at An- 



Peristyle in Pompeian An- 



House of Poet in Pompeii. 
Colossus of Memnon. Large 
Photographs. 

1175. Persepolis. 

1176. Pompeii. 

1177. Coliseum, Rome. 

1178. Pantheon, Rome. 

1179. Interior of Greek Theater. 

1180. Greek School. 



1181. Homer. 

1182. Plato. 

1183. Sophocles. 

1184. Cicero. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OF HIS- 
TORY OF THE MIDDLE 
AGES. 

Large Colored Charts. 
C< ILLECTK >NS. 

1185. Tournament. 

1186. German Castle. 

1187. Interior of a German Town in 
the 15th Century. 

«'< >L LECTION 1187a. 

History of the Middle Ages. 

Model of a Catapult. Constructed by 
a pupil of the Wyman School to illus- 
trate the Reading Lesson: "How They 
Besieged the Town." (Baldwin's Sixth 

Reader ). 

ILLUSTRATIONS— HISTORY. 

Mounted Colored Post Cards. 
COLLECTIONS. 

1188. Pictures of Ancient and Me- 
\ ; 1 1 life. 

1189. Crowned heads of England in 
Costume in their period from William 
T. — 1066 i" Queen Victoria in.'.n. 

1190. Soldiery of England from 1066 
to 1838. 

Articles of Armor: Metal Ware. 

i ■> >I.LI.i'Th INS. 

1191. Helmet. 

1192. Helmet with Vizor. 

1193. Gauntlet. 

COLLECTION 1194. 
Stereoscopic Views. 

Early United States History. The 
Spirit of Independence. 



82 



PICTORIAL ILLUSTRA- 
TIONS OF GEOGRAPHY. 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS. 

From 6 to 12 Views in each Collection, 

except where 15 copies of one view 

are indicated. 

COLLECTIONS. 



1195. 


Maine. 


1196. 


New Hampshire. 


1197. 


Vermont. 


1198. 


Massachusetts. 


1199. 


Boston, Mass. 


1200. 


New York. 


1201. 


Rochester, N. Y. 


1202. 


Niagara Falls. 


1203. 


Pennsylvania. 


1204. 


New Jersey. 


1205. 


Maryland. 


1206. 


Washington. 


1207. 


Virginia. 


1208. 


"West Virginia. 


1209. 


Georgia. 


1210. 


North and South Carolina. 


1211. 


Tennessee. 


1212. 


Florida. 


1213. 


St. Augustine, Fla. 


1214. 


Louisiana and Arkansas. 


1215. 


Texas. 


1216. 


Kentucky. 


1217. 


Mammoth Cave, Ky. 


1218. 


Ohio. 


1219. 


Indiana. 


1220. 


Indianapolis, Ind. 


1221. 


Illinois. 



1222. Missouri. 

1223. St. Louis — Louisiana Purchase 
Exposition. 

1224. St. Louis — Tower Grove Park. 
St. Louis — Reservoir Park. 
St. Louis — Various Floral 



1225. 
1226. 
Groups. 
1227. 
1228. 
1229. 
1230. 



Wisconsin and Minnesota. 

Colorado, Montana, Idaho. 

Yellowstone Park. 

Yellowstone — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Old Faithful Queen of the 
Geysers." 

1231. Utah. 

1232. Oregon. 

1233. "Washington State. 

1234. California. 

1235. California — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Orange Blossoms and 
Fruit." (Colored.) 

1236. Arizona. 

1237. Alaska. 



1238. British America. 

1239. West Indies. 

1240. Martinque — -West Indies. 

1241. Cuba. 

1242. Hawaii. 

1243. Mexico. 

1244. Central America — Costa Rica. 

1245. Central America — Nicaragua. 

1246. Central America — Gautemala 
and Salvador. 

1247. Panama. 

1248. South America. 

1249. Great Britain — England. 

1250. London — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Street Scene in front of Royal 
Exchange — London." 

1251. England — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Ambleside and Wansfell Pike 
■ — Lake District — England." 

1252. Great Britain — Scotland and 
Wales. 

1253. Great Britain — Ireland. 

1254. France. 

1255. Paris, France. 

1256. Paris — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Avenue de L'Opera — Paris." 

1257. Germany. 

1258. Germany — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Harbor at Hamburg — Ger- 
many." 

1259. Germany — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Castle Rheinstein — On 
Rhi ne — Germany." 

1260. Holland. 

1261. Holland — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Quaint Street in a Dutch Vil- 
lage." 

1262. Holland — Fifteen copies of one 
view-— "Water Street in Zaandam. — Hol- 
land." 

1262a. Belgium. 
1262b. Denmark. 
1262c. Norway. 
1262d. Sweden. 

1263. Switzerland. 

1264. Switzerland — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "A Glimpse of the Matter- 
horn." 

1265. Switzerland — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Village of Wengen." 

1266. Switzerland — Fifteen copies of 
one view — "Looking out of the Gorge 
of the Alpbach." 

1267. Spain. 

1268. Italy. 

1269. Italy — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Birds-eye View of Naples and 
Vesuvius." 

1270. Greece. 

1271. Russia. 



83 



1272. 


Russia — Fifteen copies of one 


1308. 


view — ' 


"Wheat for Export — Seaport of 


1309. 


Odessa- 


— Russia." 


1310. 


1274. 


Africa. 


1311. 


1275. 


South Africa. 


1311a. 


1276. 


Egypt. 


1312. 


1277. 


Egypt — Fifteen copies of one 


1313. 


view — ' 


'Colossus of Rameses." 


1314. 


1278. 


Egypt — Fifteen copies of one 


Africa. 


view — ' 


'Inundation of the Nile." 


1315. 


1279. 


Syria. 


1316. 


1280. 


Palestine. 


1317. 


1281. 
1282. 
1283. 


Turkey. 
Ceylon. 
East Indies. 


1317a, 
scape. 
1318. 


1284. 
1285. 
1286. 


India. 
China. 
Korea. 


1319. 
1320. 


1287. 


Japan. 


t r 


1288. 


Philippine Islands. 


IL 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
GEOGRAPHY. 

LARGE COLORED CHARTS. 

COLLECTIONS. 



1289. 
1290. 

Idaho. 

1291. 

1292. 

1293. 

1293a. 

1294. 

1295. 

1296. 
America 

1297. Mangrove Coast of Venezuela. 
The Harbor of Hamburg, Ger 



Harbor of New York. 
Canyons of the Shoshone River 

Grand Canyon of the Colorado. 
Sierra Nevada. 
Polar Landscape. 

Esquimaux. 
The Tundra. 
Greenland. 
Tropical Forest of South 



1298. 
many. 
1299. 
1299a. 

Sylt. 
1299b. 



The Dunes of Helgoland. 
The Dunes of the Isle 



of 



Caused 



Natural Phenomena 
by Sand and Wind. 

1299c. Thuringen Forest. 
A Scene in Berlin. 

Bay of Kiel. 
A Scene in Vienna. 
A Scene in Amsterdam. 
Sluices in Yumidon. 
Marshland. 
Mountain Scene in Switzer- 



1300. 
1300a 
1301. 
1302. 
1303. 
1304. 
1305. 
land. 

1306. Set of charts, illustrating 
Schiller's drama, William Tell. 

1307. St. Peter's Church, Rome. 



Naples — Vesuvius. 
Syracuse — Sicily. 
Nice Type of Promontory. 
The Steppes — Russia. 

Hungarian Steppe. 
Norwegian Fjord. 
Hammerfest, — ■ Norway. 
Sphinx and the Pyramids- 
Street Life in Cairo. 
The Sahara Desert. 
Cape Town, — Africa. 

German — East African Land- 

A Chinese Town. 
Himalaya Mountains. 
Life in Japan. 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
GEOGRAPHY. 

PHOTOGRAPHS ILLUSTRATING LIFE 
IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1321. Great Britain. 

1322. Switzerland. 

1323. Germany. 

1324. France. 

1325. Spain and Portugal. 

1326. Italy. 

1327. Greece. 

1328. Egypt. 

1329. Holy Land. 

1330. India. 

1331. Japan. 

1332. Philippines. 

1333. Bahama Islands. 

1334. New Zealand — Okoroire. 

1335. Cuba. 

1336. Niagara Falls. 

1337. California. 

1338. Agriculture in California. 

1339. Yellowstone and Garden of the 
Gods. 

ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
GEOGRAPHY. 

BOOKLETS. 

Booklets containing' Pictures and Mis- 
cellaneous Information on Various 
Sections of our Country. 

COLLECTION 1339a. 

Booklets. 

Thirty copies of Booklet containing 



84 



twelve views of Calif ornia, Oregon and 

Washington. 

COLLECTION 1339b. 

Booklets. 

Three copies of Booklet containing 
pictures and information on the State 
of Washington. 

COLLECTION 1339c. 

Booklets. 

Three copies of Booklet containing 
pictures and information on the State 
of Montana, 

C< ILLECTH >N 1339d. 

Booklets. 

Five copies of Booklet containing 
pictures and information on Yellow- 
stone Natioi Lake Tahoe, Yosem- 
i alley and Mariposa Big Tree 
Grove. 

Ci ILLECTION 1339e. 

Booklets. 

Twenty copies of Booklet entitled — 
"One Hundred Golden Hours at Sea." 
A "Circle Tour"' by Water and Rail 
from New York to the South, West. 
North, and back to New York. 

C< ILLECTK >N 1339f. 

Booklets. 

Twenty-five copies of Booklet en- 
titled— "What Everj School-boy and 
School-girl Should Know." — giving 
interesting facts of Railroad De- 
\ elopment. 

(i ILLECTION 1339g\ 

Booklets. 

Twenty-five copies of Booklet en- 
titled — "Railroad Signaling," — especial- 
ly interesting for the boys. 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

LARGE COLORED CHARTS. 

COLLECTIONS. 
1340. Eruption of Mount Etna. 



1340a. Eruptions of Mt. Vesuvius. 

1341. Glacial Formations. 

1342. Caves Formed by Decomposi- 
tion. 

1343. Lime Formations. 

1344- Rock Strata on the Potomac. 

1345- Principal Forms of the Earth's 
Surface. 

Previously Listed Charts. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1290. Canyons and Falls on the 
Shoshone. 

1305. Mountain Scene in Switzer- 
land. 

1316. The Sahara Desert. 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF 
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS. 

From 2 to 6 views in each collection, 

except where 15 copies of one view 

are indicated. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1346. Sea Coasts. 

1347. Sea Coasts — Fifteen copies of 
iew "Rock and Town of Gibral- 

1348. Erosion. 

1349. Erosion— Fifteen copies of one 
view — "The Sinuous Colorado." 

1350. Volcanic Action. 

1351. Volcanic Action — Fifteen cop- 
ies of one view — "Fujiyama's Vast, 
.\i j sterious Crater." 

1352. Ge: 

1353. Geysers. — Fifteen copies of one 
view -"Old Faithful Geyser in Action." 

1354. Rivers. 

1355. Lakes. 

1356. Divides ■ I'M f teen copies of one 
\ iew — "The Continental Divide." 

1357. Canyons. 

1358. Canyons — Fifteen Copies of 
one view — "Down the River and Can- 
yon — Yellowstone." 

1359. Falls and Cataracts. 

1360. Falls — Fifteen copies 
view — "General View of 
Falls." 

1361. Plains. 

1362. Glaciers. 

1363. Glaciers — Fifteen copies 



of one 
Niagara 



of 



85 



one view — "The Great Glacier of the 
Selkirks." 

1364. Tides. 

1365. Deserts. 

1366. Deserts — Fifteen copies of one 
view — "Second Pyramids, Egypt." 

ILLUSTRATIONS : 
GEOGRPHY. 

Homes. 

REFERENCE BOOK. 

Chamberlain — How We Are Sheltered. 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS. 

From 2 to 6 views in each collection. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1367. Homes of North American 
Indians. 

1368. Homes of Alaska and the Arc- 
tic Regions. 

1369. Homes of Mexico. 

1370. Homes of the West Indies and 
Panama. 

1371. Homes of Hawaii. 

1372. Homes of Great Britain. 



1373. 
1374. 
1375. 
Korea. 
1376. 
1377. 
1378. 



Homes of Norway. 

Homes of Europe. 

Homes of Japan, China and 

Homes of the Philippines. 

Homes of Asia. 

Homes of Africa. 



COLLECTION 1379. 

Illustrations: Geography. 

Large colored chart illustrating pre- 
historic homes built on piles. 

ILLUSTRATIONS : 
GEOGRAPHY. 

Mounted Colored Post Cards, Illustra- 
ting Life in Various Foreign 
Countries. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1380. Pictures of Homes and Life in 
Argentine. 

1381. Natives of Europe in Costume. 

1382. Natives of Africa in Costume. 

1383. Life in New Zealand. 

1384. Life in Borneo. 

1385. Natives of Asia in Costume. 



86 



To the Teacher: 



Use this blank page to insert additional collections 1386 to 1450, to be given 
in future Supplementary Catalogues. 



Page 86. 



Large Colored Chart for the Illus- 
tration of Language Lessons 
in the Kindergarten and 
Primary Grades. 

1107-a. Tailor Shop. 

Stereoscopic Views. 

From 6 to 12 Views in each Col- 
lection, except, where 15 cop- 
ies of one view are 
indicated. 



COLLECTIONS. 

1247-a. Panama — Fifteen copies 
of one view "At Work in Culebra 
Cut near Empire, Panama," 

1247-b. Panama. 

1248-a. Peru. 

1248-b. Ecuador. 

1259-a. Austria Hungary. 

1262-e. Norway — Fifteen copies 
of one view — "Trondhjem Har- 
bor." 

1262-f. Xorway — Fifteen copies 
of one view — "Taking Hay down 
from the Mountains." 

1269-a. Sicily. 

1270-a. Greece. 

1270-b. Constantinople. 

1283-a. Burma. 

1288-a. Australia. 

1288-b. New Zealand. 

Large Colored Charts Illustrating 
Geography. 

COLLECTIONS. 

1308-a. Venice. 

1318-a. Nation Types — Chinese. 



A VALUABLE COLLECTION 
OF 900 EXCELLENT PHOTO- 
GRAPHS, DONATED TO THE 
EDUCATIONAL MUSEUM BY 
MR. JAMES W. BELL, WHO 
HAD GATHERED THEM DUR- 
ING A TRIP ABROAD. 

COLLECTIONS. 



1321. 


British Isles. 


1322. 


Switzerland. 


1323. 


Germany. 


1323-a. 


Austria-Hungary. 


1324. 


France, 


1324-a. 


Holland and Belgium. 


1326. 


Italy. 


1327. 


Greece. 


1327-a. 


Turkey in Europe. 


1328. 


Egypt. 


1329-a. 


Turkey in Asia. 


1330. 


India. 


1330-a. 


Indo-China and Malay 


Peninsula 




1330-b. 


China. 


1331. 


Japan. 


1331-a. 


People and Industries 


of Japan. 




Various Booklets 


COL 


LECTION 1339-a2. 



Twenty copies of Booklet — 
"Big Trees of California." 

COLLECTION 1339-e2. 

Twenty copies of Relief Map 
of Panama Canal Zone and 
twenty copies of Booklet of Sta- 
tistics and Views of Panama 
Canal. 

COLLECTION 1339-h. 

Twenty copies of Booklet — 
"For Better Crops." 

Large Colored Charts Illustrating 
Literature Subjects. 
1339-z. Red Riding Hood. 
1339-y. Wolf and Seven Kids. 



87 



COLLECTIONS 

ILLUSTRATING LIFE AND 

OCCUPATIONS OF 

NORTH AMERICAN 

INDIANS. 

COLLECTION 1450. 

Home. North American Indians. 

Various articles used about the 
home, by the North American Indian. 

COLLECTION 1451. 

Clothing". North American Indians. 

Various articles of clothing worn by 
the North American Indians. 

COLLECTION 1452. 

War. North American Indians. 

Various implements of war used by 
the North American Indians. 

COLLECTION 1453. 

Illustrations. North American Indians. 

Stereoscopic pictures illustrating life 
of North American Indians. 

COLLECTION 1454. 

Samples of Indian Pottery, show- 
ing variety 'of motives in decoration, 
useful for Seventh Grade Drawing 
Work. 



ARTICLES ILLUSTRA- 
TING LIFE IN MEXICO. 

COLLECTION 1455. 

Mexico: The House. 

Articles used about the house by the 
Mexicans. 

COLLECTION 1456. 

Mexico: Ancient Modes of Worship. 

Various idols worshiped by the Mex- 
icans. 



COLLECTION 1457. 

Mexico: War. 

Implements of war used by the Mex- 
icans. 

COLLECTION 1458. 

Mexico: Pottery. 

Various vases used by the Mexicans. 

COLLECTION 1459. 

Mexico: Ornaments, etc. 

Articles of dress and ornamentation 
worn by the Mexicans. 

COLLECTION 1460. 

Illustrations: Mexico. 

Photographs illustrating Life and 
Scenery in Mexico. 

COLLECTION 1243. (Previously listed.) 
Illustrations: Mexico. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating Life in 
Mexico. 



ARTICLES ILLUSTRA- 
TING LIFE IN JAPAN. 

COLLECTION 1461. 

i 
Clothing: Japan. 

Various articles of clothing worn by 
Japanese men, women and children. 

COLLECTION 1331. (Previously listed.) 
Illustrations: Japan. 



Photographs 
Japan. 



illustrating life in 



COLLECTION 1287. (Previously listed.) 
Illustrations : Japan. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating life 
in Japan. 



88 



COLLECTIONS OF ARTI- 
CLES USED BY THE IN- 
HABITANTS OE THE 
PHILIPPINE 
ISLANDS. 

COLLECTION' 1462. 

House. Philippine Islands. 

Various articles used in the hi »mes pi 
the Filipinos. 

C i|.l.i:i "fl >N 1463. 

Philippine Islands: Clothing-, etc. 

Articles of clothing worn by the in- 
habitants of the Philippines. 

C iLLECTK >N 1464. 

Fhilippine Islands: Agriculture. 

Models of agricultural implements 
used on the Philippine Islands. 



STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS 
SHOWING VARIOUS 
MODES OF TRANS- 
PORTATION. 

From 6 to 10 Views in Each Collection. 

COLLECTION 1467. 

Transportation: On Land. 

Transportation of people. Primitive 
and modern methods. 

COLLECTION 1468. 

Transportation: On Land. 

Transportation of freight. Primitive 
and i Ii in met hods. 

COLLECTION 1469. 

Transportation: By Water. 

Primitive and modern methods of 
iortation by water. 

COLLECTION 1170. 

Transportation: Aerial. 

Mel hods of aerial i ra n ;porta1 ion, 



COLLECTION 1465. 

Philippine Islands: Fishing and Hunt- 
ing. 

Articles used ii> the Filipinos while 
fishing and hunt Jul;. 



COLLI I 'Tit i.\ 1466. 

Philippine Islands: Transportation. 

Models of carts, sledges, etc., used 
by the Filipinos. 

COLLECTION 1332. (Previously listed.) 

Illustrations : Philippine Islands. 

Photographs illustrating occupations 
in the Philippine Islands. 

COLLECTION 128S. (Previously listed.) 

Illustrations: Philippine Islands. 

Stereoscopic views illustrating life 
on the Philippine Islands. 



MISCELLANEOUS COL- 
LECTIONS SHOWING 
THE MANUFACTURE OF 
VARIOUS ARTICLES. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Chamherlain Mow We Are Sheltered. 
Clifford- - K\ erj day < ►ccupations. 
Lewis — Modern Industries. 
Fatton— The Teacher's Aid. 

COLLECTION 1471. 

Manufacture of Ink. 

Glass case showing the different Proc- 
esses in the Manufacture of Ink. 

COLLECTION li72. 

Manufacture of the Steel Pen. 

Glass case showing the various Proc- 
esses in the Manufacture of the Pen. 



89 



COLLECTION 1473. 

Manufacture of the Needle. 
Glass case showing the differ* til 
esses in the Manufacture of the Need! 

COLLECTION 1474. 
Manufacture of the Lead Pencil. 
Glass case showing the different 
Processes in the Manufacture of the 
Lead Pencil. 

COLLECTION 1475. 
Glass. 

Glass case-; showing the various 
Processes in the Manufacture of i ! 

COLLECTION 1476. 
Leather. 

Glass case showing the various Kinds 
and Products of Leather. 

COLLECTION 1477. 
Hide and Leather. 

1. Green Hide, salted. 

2. Hide unhaired and fleshed ready 
for tanning. 

3-5. Harness Leather, in various 
stages of tanning process. 

6. Finished Belting Leather. 

7. Piece of Elephant Hide. Four years 
in tanning process. 

S. Finished Harness Leather. 
9. Raw Hide Lace-Leather. 

COLLECTIOX 1478. 
Materials Used for Tanning 1 . 

1. Hemlock Bark (Natural State.) 

2. Ground Hemlock Bark, ready to 
he used in tanning. 

3. Quebracho Chips. Obtained from 
;i hard red wood which grows in Ar- 
gentina and Paraguay. 

4. Divi-Divi. Pods of a tree belong- 
ing to the Leguminosae. West Indies 
and Mexico. Largely imported into this 
country for tanning. 

5. Turmeric. Underground steins of 



a plant of the ginger family grown in 
Southeastern Asia. Used in preparing 
I hers. 
6. Lungan Nuts. Fruit of Lungan 
Tree i Sapendaseae. > Japan. 

COLLECTION 1479. 

Manufacture of Shoes. 

Various Processes in the Manufacture 
of a Shoe and the Materials Used. 

COLLECTION 1480. 

Materials for Dyeing. 

1. Indigo Plant. Indigo is obtained 
From the I ndigofera grow n in tro 
countries. Freshly cut plants are 

I in water which absorbs the 
juice, becoming greenish in color. On 
exposure to the air it turns blue. The 
Indigo separates, falls to bottom of 
tank and is dried. 

2. Safflower. Dried flowers <>f an 
herb found in India, Persia and Egypt. 
Extract gives red dye for silk. 

3. Orchilla Weed. Lichen growing 
in the Canary Islands. Extract fur- 
nishes beautiful purple dye. 

4. Log-Wood. Leguminosae. Grows 
in Central America. Heartwood used 
for the manufacture of a red or black 
dye. 

5. Brazil wo, i, i Leguminosae. Tropic- 
al Ami ca i ■ used for manu- 
facturing red dye. 

6. Reel Sandal Wood. Leguminosae. 
Southeastern Asia. Furnishes red dye. 

7. Fustic or Moraceae. Tropical 
America. Furnishes yellow dye used 
in dyeing woolen goods. 

8. Annatto. Dried seeds of a shrub 
growing in South and Central America. 
From these a yellow dye foi coloring 
liu tier and cheese is made. 

9. Cochineal. Dried bodies of in- 
sects belonging to the plant-lice fam- 
ily living on cactus plants in Mexico 
and Central America. Furnish carmine 
color used in dyeing woolen fabrics. 



90 



To the Teacher: 



Use this blank pag-e to insert additional collections 1481 to 1500, to he given 
in future Supplementary Catalog-ues. 



91 



COLLECTIONS OF 
APPARATUS TO ILLUS- 
TRATE LESSONS IN 
PHYSICS IN THE 7th 
AND 8th GRADES. 

REFERENCE BOOKS. 

Bert-Paul — First Steps in Scientific 
Knowledge. 

Culler — First Book in Physics. 

Harring-ton — Physics for Grammar 
Grades. 

Smith — Easy Experiments in Physics. 

COLLECTION 1500. 

Difference Between Physical and Chem- 
ical Changes. 

Apparatus: Four-inch platinum wire, 
two 3-inch bits of magnesium wire, 
flat nose pliers, alcohol lamp or Bun- 
sen burner. (1) Heat platinum wire 
red hot. Note that on cooling there 
is no change. (2) Heat magnesium 
wire in flame. Note how it takes fire 
and burns with a brilliant light. Repeat 
the last experiment. Ask pupils for 
examples of each change. A hot iron, 
and a lighted candle are typical in- 
stances that suggest themselves. 

NOTE. — Platinum wire and pliers 
must be kept and returned to the 
museum. 

COLLECTION 1501. 

Cohesion and Adhesion. 

Apparatus: Small spring balance, 
glass adhesion disk, pan of water. (11 
Weigh disk "dry." Now lower disk 
to touch water and try to lift it by 
raising the balance. Note how much 
heavier the disk seems to be. When 
the disk finally separates, it brings 
layer of water with it. Does water 
stick more to water or to glass? Ex- 
plain difference between the terms ad- 
hesion and cohesion, and let pupil see 
why water "wets glass." 



COLLECTION 1502. 

Cohesion Acts Only at Small Distances. 

Apparatus: Two lead bullets. 

See that flat surfaces are carefully 
scraped fiat and clean. Touch them 
together. They do not adhere. Why? 
Then press them together firmly with 
a twist — they now adhere so tightly 
that one will support the other. Why 
so? 

COLLECTION 1503. 

Capillarity. 

Apparatus: Three 6-inch glass tubes 
of unequal diameters, beaker. Fill 
beaker nearly full of water. Put the 
tubes into the water, and note how 
high the water in each one rises. In 
which one highest? Try a narrow strip 
of blotting paper in the same way. 
What raises the water? Try a strip 
of foolscap — why does not water rise 
in same way? (No pores.) 

COLLECTION 1504. 

Crystallization. 

Apparatus: Bottles of rock salt and 
alum and piece of quartz. Tell chil- 
dren how crystals are formed. If a 
little common alum is dissolved in hot 
water and a few drops are put on a 
bit of glass, as it dries out, the crystal 
will be seen. Do not uncork the bot- 
tles — these are only for "display." Per- 
haps the children can name some 
things they have seen as crystals, 
such as sugar, salt, snow, quartz. 
Children will be interested to see pic- 
tures of snow crystals, such as are 
shown in "Forms of Water." 

COLLECTION 1505. 

Pressure of Liquids. 

Apparatus: Battery jar filled with 
water, funnel tube. Close end of fun- 
nel tube with finger and plunge a little 
distance into water. Hold lighted match 
above tube and suddenly remove finger. 
Air blows out flame. Test again at 
greater depth. Match goes out quicker. 
What forces out air? What is true of 
pressure at different depths? If holes 
inside of jar are made at top, middle, 
or bottom, where would water run out 
fastest? Why? 



92 



COLLECTION 1506. 
Archimides Principle. 

Apparatus to use in studying the 
Archimedean Principle — that a body im- 
irn i ed in a fluid loses an amount of 
weight equal to that of the fluid it dis- 
places — (to lie used in the 8th Grade, 
Specific Gravity work.) 

COLLECTION 1507. 
The Lever and Its Uses. 
Apparatus: Simple lever .fitted with 
two weights. Test by nulling weights 
al different distances, so as to balance 
in each. Prove thai if load is f 
from pivot (fulcrum), power must also 
he further. Also, 
pupils several uses of lever, sui 
bar, scissors, poker, the fori 
etc. 

COLLECTION 1508. 
The "Wheel and Axle. 
Apparatus: The wheel and axle, 
some cotton cord, and a weight, such 
as a half brick, Tie weight to cord, 
attach to axle, ami test by winding up 
cord to raise weight. It i- easier to 
raise weight thus than to lift \ 
directly? Can pupils sugge'st any use 
of wheel and axli ' (A1 wells, for lilt 
ing heavy stones, etc.) 

COLLECTION 1509. 
Weights. 
Balance and set of weights for va- 
rious kinds or work, 

COLLECTION 1510. 
Pendulum. 
Apparatus to illustrate the 
of the Pendulum. 

COLLECTION 1511. 
The Inclined Plane. 

Apparatus: Inclined plane, weight 
pan, set weights. (1) Set plane at a 
small angle. Put just enough w 
in pan to draw load up plane, if \ 
is started. 12) Repeat, using a larger 
angle. (3) Repeat, using a still ' 
angle. 

Xow, let pupil see that power in pan 
required to pull same load in wagon 
depends on amount of slope. Why, 
then, is it so important to have no 
steep hills on a road? Why is a plank 
used in taking a barrel from a wagon? 



COLLECTION 1512. 

Uses of the Screw. 

Apparatus: Model of the screw. Tut 
a child's linger under the tip of the 
screw and linn down carefully. He 
will feel the pressure. Call attention 
to use of screw in carpenter's vise in 
like manner to give pressure for hold- 
ing wood. Show pupils how hand at 
end of lever moves around circle, while 
moves forward, small space of 
"pitch" of screw. Mere lies advantage 
of screw power can move a long dis- 
while screw advances a small 
distai 

COLLECTION 1513. 

Heat Produced by Hammering. 

Apparatus: strip of bar lead, harn- 
and anvil. Let pupil feel lead, at 
first cold. Xow strike had a heavy 
blow on anvil— note how it has in- 
stantly grown hot. What has warmed 
it? Whj does hoi iron bar glovi so 
brightly when struck with hammer bv 
blacksmith? Whj dues match light, 
w hen hit a blow on the head? 

COLLECTION 1514. 

Flint and Steel. 

Apparatus: Hardened steel and flint 
strike steel on flinl and note the 
sparks set off by the blow. If the 
fall into powder or other ma- 
terial readily set on fire, it will 
and burn. It was thus that tires were 

e invented. 

i 'i ILLECTK »N 1515. 

Heat Due to Compression of Air. 

Apparatus: fire syringe, hit of 
tinder, sent in pupil 

that tinder is not lit. Xow put bit 
of tinder into i ad of piston 

of fire syringe, fit piston carefully into 
end of syringe and force suddenly to 
bottom. Remove piston — if 
tinder will be found lighted an I glow- 
ing. Blow on the coal to make this 
plainer. What has lighted the tinder? 

COLLECTION 1516. 
Conduction of Heat by Solids. 

Apparatus: Six inches of iron wire, 



93 



alcohol lamp or Bunsen burner, a few ring is a loose lit to ball. Why? Ask 

matches. Heat end of wire in flame children if thej h^tve seen blacksmith 

and test with match head whether put tire on wagon wheel, ff so 

heat travels along the wire. some one to tell how it was dune. 



COLLECTION 1517. 

Unequal Conducting Power of Different 
Solids. 

Apparatus: Six inches of iron wire. 
6 inches of copper wire, alcohol lamp 
or Bunsen burner, a few matches. Heat 
the wires at one end. Test with match 
to see which conducts heat furthest. 
Why is bottom of wash boiler made of 
copper? Why are sides best made of 
(tinned) iron? 

C< ILLECTH >X 1518. 

How Heat is Distributed in Liquids. 

Apparatus: Tubular rectangle of 
glass, filled with water, a few drops 
of ink put into opening at top, an 
alcohol lamp or Bunsen burner. Heat 
cautiously at one corner over lamp. 
Notice how ink travels down further 
side. How is heat transferred? Why 
do we heat water at the bottom? How 
is water heated in the kitchen hot 
water tank? 

COLLECTION 1519. 

How Heat is Distributed in Gases. 

Apparatus: Ventilation apparatus, 
fitted with short candle, a few matches. 
Light candle and replace chimney. 
Try effect of stopping up (1) Top of 
chimney above candle, (2) Top of other 
chimney. Note hot air rises in chim- 
ney over candle. Shake two chalk 
erasers over other chimney . Note how 
cool air descends. Why is it so hot 
above a lamp? Why is it so much 
cooler just below a lamp flame? ( A 
card can be put over chimney, to close 
it up.) 

COLLECTION 1520. 

Solid Expansion by Heat. 

Apparatus: Copper ball and ring, 
alcohol lamp or Bunsen burner. Test 
cold ball and ring. Show that ball 
passes through ring. Now heat ball 
over lamp. Note how hot ball will no 
longer pass through cold ring. Why 
so? What has happened to .ball? 
Plunge ball into water to cool. Wipe 
dry. Now heat ring. Show that hot 



COLLECTION 1521. 

Expansion of Liquids. 

Apparatus: Flat bottom flask, rub- 
ber stopper, 8-inch length of glass tub- 
ing, alcohol lamp or Bunsen burner. 
Remove stopper, fill flask with water, 
replace stopper. Water should now 
stand about 2 inches high in tube. If 
need be, repeat till water stands at 
right height. Now cautiously heat 
flask over lamp. Note that water at 
first falls. Why so? Then heat once 
more but longer. Note that water now 
rises. Why so? Can you tell how a 
mercury thermometer, such as you 
have at school works? 

COLLECTION" 1522. 

Expansion of Gases. 

Apparatus: Air-thermometer, tube 
and bulb, glass of water. Take ther- 
mometer in hand, holding by the stem. 
Put lower end of stem into water. No 
air comes out. Novt hold bulb in hand. 
Soon air begins to bubble out. Does 
bulb hold less air than before? Why 
does air flow out? Now take hand 
from bulb. Note that water now rises 
in stem. Why so? When done, warm 
bulb with hand until all water escapes, 
dry carefully at open end with blotter. 

ci ELECTION 1523. 

Use of Prism. 

Apparatus: Four-inch prism. Let 
pupil note that pencil seen through 
prism seems bent — Why? This occurs 
if pencil crosses length of prism — not 
if parallel to it. Now let sunlight fall 
on prism — receive spectrum on sheet of 
white paper. Tell pupils of Sir Isaac 
Newton's studies in physics, and how 
he produced the colors of the rainbow, 
or spectrum. Can any child name the 
colors in order? (r, o, y, g, b, i, v,). 

COLLECTION 1524. 

Images Formed by Convex Lenses. 

Apparatus: Pocket magnifier, (light- 
ed i candle, piece of ground glass. Af- 



94 



ter candle is lighted, throw image on 
ground glass with lens. Try at dif- 
ferent distances, making image sharp 
each time. How can image be made 
larger? Smaller? Have any pupils 
seen picture on ground glass of 
camera? 

COLLECTION 1525. 

Iiensss Used as Magnifiers. 

Apparatus: Pocket magnifier, fine 
print used for testing. Let pupil see 

(1) how lens gives enlarged image; 

(2) that this image seems nearer than 
print. Show pupil that fine print can 
be read only at a small distance. The _ 
lens enables you to see the print just 
as if it were much nearer, which the 
eye unaided could not do. 

COLLECTION 1526. 

Miscroscope and Its Uses. 

Apparatus: Microscope, bit of thin 
paper, bit of fine linen. Let pupils ex- 
amine these objects. Notice how the 
■ fibers can be seen. For what,- then, is 
the microscope used? Can the pupils 
tell any use of the microscope? Could 
you use it to tell wool from hair? 
(Which is round? Which flattened?) 

COLLECTION 1527. 

Magnifiers. 

Set of 15 small tripod magnifiers, to 
be used for class work. 

COLLECTION 1528. 

Sound Due to Vibrations. 

Apparatus: Tuning fork, tumbler of 
water. Strike tuning fork on a small 
block of pine wood. Test by putting 
it into water in tumbler. Let fork in 
vibration touch end of pencil held 
lightly between fingers at other end — 
the vibration will hit pencil a blow. 
Repeat with call bell used on desk of 
teacher. 

COLLECTION 1529. 

Sounds of Strings in Vibrations. 

Apparatus: Sonometer, wire in place, 
key for tuning, bridge to change length 
of string. (1) Pluck wire and test for 
vibration with pencil held against 



wire. (2) Slacken wire — note lowering 
of pitch. (3) Tighten wire — note rise 
of pitch. (4) Use bridge to shorten 
wire, by setting bridge under wire — note 
rise of pitch. How is a violin tuned? 
How are different notes obtained? How 
are louder and softer notes obtained? 
Show by plucking string so as to ob- 
tain them. 

COLLECTION 1530. 

Sounds of Air in Vibration. 

Apparatus: Organ pipe, fitted with 
sliding piston. Try effect of pulling 
piston out to mark "C" and blowing 
gently. Now blow harder. Note change. 
Push piston in to mark "A." Test again. 
Note change of pitch. How is length 
of air column changed? How then may 
the pitch of an air column be changed? 
Suggest trombone to pupils for illus- 
tration. 

COLLECTION 1531. 

Poles of Magnet — Meaning of — Place of 

Apparatus: 6-inch bar magnet, Vs lb. 
wire brads. Test each end of magnet. 
Do brads adhere? Test middle of mag- 
net. Do brads adhere? Where are the 
poles? - Can you name the poles? What 
do the letters N. and S. mean on the 
magnet? , 

COLLECTION 1532. 

Forms of Magnets. 

Apparatus: 6-inch bar magnet, 6-inch 
horseshoe magnet, J ,s lb. wire brads. 
Test bar magnet — count number of 
brads it will lift. Test horshoe mag- 
net — note the latter is something like 
four times as strong. Which would be 
used to lift a heavy mass of iron? 
Why so? 

(All apparatus to be returned.) 

COLLECTION 1533. 

North and South Poles — Meaning of. 

Apparatus: 6-inch bar magnet, stir- 
rup-loop of string, so that magnet can 
turn freely. A loop of No. 8 cotton 
thread will be better, as it is more flex- 
ible. Let magnet be supported by 
thread and allowed to turn. In what 
direction does it at last point? What 
letter do you find on the end pointing 



95 



north? What then is the north pole? 
The south pole? Does a magnet always 
point to the north? Not if iron or a 
magnet is near, nor if it is not free to 
turn. 

COLLECTION 1534. 
Making" of Magnets. 

Apparatus: Darning needle, 6-inch 
bar magnet, a few wire brads. (The 
magnet and needle MUST be kept apart, 
until used as directed.) Needle will be 
sent in separate envelope. Test needl-3 
with brads to show that needle is 
neutral. Stroke needle three or four 
times from eye to point, using north 
pole of magnet. Test needle with 
brads. What change has occurred? Lay 
needle on table. Test with magnet. 
Which end of needle is now north pole? 
Which south pole? 

(Send back magnet — keep needle, as 
it cannot be used again for this experi- 
ment.) 

COLLECTION 1535. 

How Magnets Act on Each Other. 

Apparatus: Two 6-inch bar mag- 
nets. Tie loop of string about one mag- 
net, stirrup-like, so as to support it. 
and allow it to turn freely. Let one 
pupil hold magnet steadily by string. 
Bring north pole of other magnet to 
north pole of suspended magnet. What 
happens? Bring south pole to south 
pole. What happens? Bring north pole 
to south pole. What happens? When 
do poles attract each other? When 
repel? 

COLLECTION 1536. 

All Parts of a Magnet Are Really 
Magnetized. 

Apparatus: 6-inch bar magnet, a 
knitting needle. (Keep needle from 
magnet, as in last experiment, till ready 
to use it.) Magnetize needle by strok- 
ing with magnet. Test ends and mid- 
dle, using brads to locate poles. Break 
needle in center. What is now true 
of each epd? (Pole appears at each 
broken end.) The middle was really 
magnetized, though it did not appear 
so till the needle was broken in half. 
If possible, break each half of the 
needle in two — test as before, with 
same results. 



COLLECTION 1537. 

Inductive Action of Pole on Pole. 
Apparatus: Two 6-ineh bar magnets, 
"i Hi. wire brads. Dip pole of one mag- 
net into brads and put on a chalkbox 
so that brads may hang down. Now 
slowly firing like pole of other magnet 
under first pole. Some brads fall off. 
Why so? Readjust magnet with brads 
as at first. Test by putting unlike pole 
under first pole. Some more brads can 
be supported. Inference: like poles 
weaken one another; unlike poles 
strengthen each other. Why, then, is 
horseshoe magnet four times as strong 
as bar magnet? (Two poles and in- 
ductive action account for this.) 

COLLECTION 1538. 

The Dipping Needle — Magnetism of 
Earth. 

Apparatus: Dipping needle, 6-inch 
bar magnet. Set the dipping needle on 
the table, along a north and south line. 
Put north pole of magnet below needle. 
What occurs? Put south pole of mag- 
net below needle. What occurs? Re- 
move magnet. Notice dipping of needle. 
What causes needle to dip? (Magnet- 
ism of earth.) 

COLLECTION 1539. 

Electrification by Friction. 

Apparatus: Stick of sealing wax, 
flannel pad, some bits of tissue paper. 
Show that wax does not at first attract 
paper. Rub wax with flannel and test 
for attraction. Notice how bits of 
paper are attracted and then repelled. 
The bits of paper after touching other 
objects are once more attracted, then 
repelled. Carefully rub hand over wax, 
to remove charge — paper is no longer 
attracted. A -body that can attract 
others, as the wax did, is said to be 
electrified. 

COLLECTION 1540. 

Electrification by. Priction (Continued). 

Apparatus: Hard rubber rod, flannel 
pail, pith ball with silk thread, glass 
rod, piece of silk. Test each rod at 
first — note that it does not attract pith 
ball. Rub rubber rod with flannel. Test 
witli pitli ball. What occurs? To pre- 
pare glass rod for use, first rub it with 



96 



cloth on which has been put a drop, 
not more, of oil, so as to make it per- 
fectly dry. Now rub glass with silk. 
Test witli pith ball. What occurs? 
What do we say of the two roils? (They 
are now charged.) 

COLLECTION 1541. 

Electrical Attraction is a Mutual 
Attraction. 

Apparatus: Hard rubber rod, flannel 
pad, stirrup-loop of silk thread, pencil. 
Suspend pencil in loop of thread. Ex- 
cite rod with flannel and bring near 
pencil. What occurs? What does this 
show? Then put rod Injto loop. Bring 
pencil near. What occurs? What does 
this show? Summary- Rod attracts 
pencil; pencil attracts rod. Why does 
but one of them mow? It' time permits, 
answer this last by arranging twi 
loops, with pencil in one ami rod in 
other. Bring near together; both will 
move, thus finally proving that attrac- 
tion is mutual. 

COLLECTION 1542. 

Positive and Negative Charges. 

Apparatus: Two hard rubber rods, 
flannel pad, two glass rods, piece of 
silk, supporting stirrup of silk thread. 
Excite rubber rod and hang in stirrup. 
Excite second rubber rod and present 
to suspended one. What follows? Re- 
peat, using glass rods. What follows? 
Then put excited rubber rod into stir- 
rup. Test with excited glass rod. What 
follows? We call charges of two rub- 
ber, or two glass rods, like; of a r 
and a glass rod, unlike. That of glass 
is called positive; of rubber, negative. 
What law of attraction and repulsion 
does the experiment establish? (Like 
charges repel each other; unlike, at- 
tract each other.) 

COLLECTION 1543. 

Two Charges Produced Together. 

Apparatus: Hard rubber rod, flannel 
cap with silk thread* attached, bits of 
tissue paper. Let pupil at first see that 
neither rod nor cap attracts paper. Put 
cap on rod and rub by twisting. Test 
cap and rod while cap is still in pla. e 
(neutral). By means of thread, re- 
move cap, test rod and cap — both are 
charged. Slide cap on rod once more 



(both neutral). The two charges can- 
cel each other, when united. Notice 
that excited rod attracts excited flan- 
nel. The charges are then unlike. Wbv 
so? i Law of action between like and 
unlike charges is involved), 

COLLECTION 1544. 

The Electro-Magnet. 

Apparatus: Electro-magnet, dry bat- 
tery, % lb. wire brads, two 2-foot 
lengths copper wire. Test with brads 
to see if iron core will pick any brads 
(none). Now connect one wire from 
battery to magnet. Connect one end 
of other wire to battery. Hold remain- 
ing end of wire to binding post of mag- 
net and test core for magnetism. See 
In.w many brads adhere. Detach wire 
and test again (.Magnetism lost.) I£e 
!''i. as pupils will lie interested. When 
only is core a magnet? (While current 
flows.) 

COLLECTION 1545. 

The Electric Bell. 

Apparatus: Dry battery, three 1-foot 
pieces copper wire, electric bell. Join 
one piece of wire to battery and to bell. 
Join second piece of wire to battery. 
.Join the third piece of wire to bell. 
Touch free ends of second and third 
wires together. Notice that bell rings. 
Break circuit. Remove cover from bell 
Block hammer of bell with pencil, so 
that it cannot hit bell. Touch ends of 
wires again. Test electro-magnet for 
magnetism. with knife-blade. Hold 
hammer against bell! Touch wires 
again and test for magnetism. Let 
pupils see why armature is pulled for- 
ward so that hammer hits bell. Why 
released? What must you do to ring 
bell? 

COLLECTION 1546. 

The Telegraph. 

Apparatus: Dry battery, two pieces 
copper wire, each 2 feet long, telegraph 
instrument. (Caution: In joining these 
instruments be careful not to leave 
switch of key closed, as this will ex- 
haust the battery.) Join wires to 
apparatus. Press down key. Notice 
click at sounder. Release key. Notice 
another click of different sound. What 



97 



causes click? Test sounder, after press- 
ing down key — notice how it will at- 
tract a knife-blade — the iron core has 
become a magnet. Where are the wires 
of the real telegraph? (On the poles.) 
How are messages sent? Explain 
meaning of "dots" and "dashes. " What 
do we find in the station? (The bat- 
tery, key and sounder.) Outside? (The 
"line.") Be sure that pupil under- 
stands that sounder may be many miles 
from key. 

COLLECTION 1547. 

The Electropliorus. 

Apparatus: Electropliorus, catskin, 
some small bits of tissue paper, electro- 
scope. Rub bed of electropliorus with 
catskin. Put metal disk on bed and 
touch it with finger. Lift disk off, 
using handle to prevent escape of 
charge. Test for a charge. Note how 
electroscope leaves separate, if charged 
disk is brought near it, but collapse 
when disk is removed. Put some bits 
of paper on disk, while resting on bed. 
Touch disk with finger and remove 
disk. Account for what takes place. 

COLLECTION 1548. 

Nature of Lightning 1 . 

Apparatus: Toepler-Holtz machine. 
Let pupil see the spark produced by 
turning the machine. Set the balls 
about 14 inch apart, and let him touch 
both balls with thumb and finger. Note 
spa'rk and shock that follows. Tell 
them how Benjamin Franklin sent up 
Jiis kite during a thunderstorm and on 
presenting his knuckle to lower end of 
string drew a spark and received a 
shock just as pupil has just received 
from the machine. What did Franklin 
infer in regard to the nature of light- 
ning? What follows the spark of ma- 
chine each time? What in like man- 
ner follows the lightning flash? What 
is the cause of thunder? 

COLLECTION 1549. 

Lifting- Pump. 

Apparatus: Lifting pump, tumbler of 
water. Let pupils see the parts — suc- 
tion pipe, cylinder, piston, piston rod 
and handle, suction valve, piston valve, 
spout. Ask them to watch working of 



pump, when suction pipe is put into 
tumbler and two or three strokes are 
made. Let some explain' the use of each 
part. Can the pupils tell when the suc- 
tion valve opens? Why? What is its 
use? When the piston valve opens? 
Why? What is its use? 

COLLECTION 1550. 

The Force Pump. 

Apparatus: Force pump, tumbler of 
water. Let pupils see the parts — suc- 
tion pipe, cylinder, piston, piston rod, 
and handle, spout, spout valve, air 
dome. Ask them to watch working of 
pump, when suction pipe is put intT 
tumbler and two or three strokes are 
made. Let some explain the use of each 
part. Can the pupils tell when the suc- 
tion valve opens? Why? What is its 
use? When the spout valve opens? Its 
use? Why it opens? The air dome's 
use? 

COLLECTION 1551. 

The Airpump — I. 

Apparatus: Airpump, closed bell jar, 
beaker. Put bell jar on pump plate 
and make a few strokes. What now 
holds jar in place? Readmit air to jar, 
by opening valve in tube between plate 
and pump. Why can you now remove 
jar? Put some hot water in beaker. 
Set the beaker on pump plate. Replace 
jar and exhaust. Why does hot water 
now boil? Where does this occur in 
nature? (The air pressure on mountain 
tops is lessened — what effect has this 
on the boiling point of water?) 

COLLECTION 1552. 

The Airpump — II. 

Apparatus« Airpump, open bell jar, 
sheet rubber 4x4 inches, two pieces 
parchment paper 4x4 inches. Tie rub- 
ber on open top of jar. Set jar on 
pump plate, and make a few strokes. 
What causes rubber to bend in? Re- 
admit air to jar. What now causes rub- 
ber to flatten once more? Repeat, ex- 
hausting more completely. Why does 
nubber swell so far into jar? Remove 
rubber. Wet the parchment paper will 
in water and tie carefully o\er top of 
jar. Exhaust till paper bursts. What 
causes the paper to burst? Did it burst 



98 



inward or outward? Why? Repeat, so 
that all may see clearly. 

COLLECTION 1553. 

The Airpump — III. 

Apparatus: Airpump, bell jar with 
closed top, pine block about lxlxl inch, 
lead bent into U as a sinker, tumbler. 
Put wood into tumbler, with lead to 
hold it in place. Fill tumbler nearly 
full of water. Set on pump plate, cover 
with jar and exhaust. Whence come 
the air bubbles that rise in the water? 
What did the wood contain? Readmit 
air to jar. Repeat experiment, using 
a chalk crayon, unvarnished. Do you 
find air in the chalk? Can you name 
other solids that contain air? 

COLLECTION 1554. 

The Flame of Bunsen Burner or 
Alcohol Lamp. 

Apparatus: Bunsen burner, 4-inch 
piece of platinum wire, 5-inch flat 
pliers. After burner is lit, cut off air 
supply at bottom. How does flame now 
look? Put wire into flame at top for a 
moment, remove and look for soot. Did 
the bright flame contain any solid? 
Now open air supply. Note hot, color- 
less flame. Let pupil see the outer and 
inner cones of flame. Put wire into 
inner cone — lower part of flame. Does 
tlie wire heat rapidly? Now put wire 
into upper part of flame — tip of inner 
cone. Note how fast wire heats. . Can 
pupils recall a flame like this? That of 
common gas stove is similar. (If flame 
of gas stove burns brightly, is it hotter 
or cooler than the colorless flame? Test 
Bunsen burner with wire. Where does 
wire heat slowly? Where rapidly?) If 
alcohol lamp is used, omit what is put 
in parentheses. 

COLLECTION 1555. 

The Steam Engine — I. 

Apparatus: Steam engine, test tube, 
test tube holder, cork, Bunsen burner, 
or alcohol lamp. Fill test tube one-half 
full of water and put cork in, not tight- 
ly. Set test tube into holder and boil 
carefully over flame. Soon cork will 
be forced out. (Great care will be 
needed, lest the boiling water thrown 
out when the cork is ejected, splash 



over some pupil. The teacher should 
try this privately and learn how tight 
to put in the cork. Do not point tube 
toward pupils.) What forces out the 
cork? Can pupils tell what will happen, 
if cork fits too tight? 

COLLECTION 1556. 

The Steam Engine — II. 

Apparatus: Steam engine, test tube, 
test tube holder, cork, Bunsen burner, 
or alcohol lamp. Let pupils see test 
tube and recall what happened on boil- 
ing the water. Tell them that a steam 
engine is a machine in which steam 
does work, just as the steam pushed 
out the cork from the test tube. Ex- 
plain the boiler, the cylinder, the piston 
(or cork), the fire, the fly wheel. Have 
pupils seen an engine? Where? Is a 
locomotive one? How does a loco- 
motive "run?" What happens when fire 
is too hot? (Boiler bursts.) Show 
them safety valve and explain its use. 
(If cautiously opened, the engine will 
stop for lack of steam.) Tell them how 
the safety valve lessens risk of ex- 
plosion. 

COLLECTIONS OF 
APPARATUS TO ILLUS- 
TRATE LESSONS IN 
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

V. GRADE, 3D QUARTER. 

COLLECTION 1557. 

Advanced Geography — Page 5. 
The Earth's Shape. 
Apparatus: Croquet ball, thread, 
white paper. Fasten the thread to the 
ball! Suspend ball so that sun casts 
shadow of ball on paper. Set ball to 
twisting. Note that shadow continues 
of round form. What can you say of a 
body that always casts a round shadow? 
What is the shape of the shadow of the 
earth cast on the moon during an 
eclipse? 

COLLECTION 1558. 

Advanced Geography — Page 5. 

The Earth a Spheroid. 

Apparatus: Whirling table, brass 
hoops. Rotate hoops very slowly and 



99 



note circular form. Then rotate rapid- 
ly. Note spheroidal form. Explain 
change from spherical to spheroidal 
form. What can you tell of the earth, 
which this experiment explains? 

COLLECTION 1559. 

Advanced Geography — Page 6. 

Day and Night — Explained. 

Apparatus: Globe. Put globe in sun- 
light and turn it so that North America 
is in the sunlight. This will correspond 
i day. Now turn globe one-half turn. 
Note how North America now has night. 
Explain to pupil how rotation of earth 
causes day and night, just as turning 
the globe put North America into light 
or shadow. (Museum does not furnish 
globe for this experiment, since every 
school is supplied with same.) 

COLLECTION 1560. 

Advanced Geography — Fage 6. 

Light Given Off by White-hot Solids. 

Apparatus: 4-inch platinum wire, 
pliers, Bunsen burner, or alcohol lamp. 
With pliers hold wire in flame. When 
^es the hot wire give out most light? 
What is meant by "white-hot?" Have 
pupils seen white-hot solids? (Incan- 
descent lamps, iron at forge, "lime- 
light" at theater.) 

COLLECTION 1561. 

Advanced Geography — Page 6. 

The Compass. 

Apparatus: Compass, large nail. 

How may compass be used to find the 
north? Does it point to the true north? 
Fut nail near north pole of compass. 
What must be kept away from a com- 
pass if it is to point to the north? 
Why does the compass turn on a jewel? 
Why is the compass lifted off the jewel 
when not in use? 

COLLECTION 1562. 

Advanced Geography — Page 6. 

Location of Points on the Earth's 
Surface. 

Apparatus: Clay ball. Let some one 
make a mark with a pencil point on 
surface of ball. How could tins be lo- 
cated? Now draw two circumferences 



on ball at right angles. Show how the 
point can now be located as so much 
to right or left of vertical circumfer- 
ence, and so much above or below the 
horizontal circumference. This may 
help pupils to grasp the use of meridi- 
ans and parallels. How are places lo- 
cated in the city? (So many feet from 
a given street, etc.) 

COLLECTION 1563. 

Advanced Geography — Page 7. 

How Latitude and Longitude Are 
Measured. 

Apparatus: Globe fitted with two di- 
vided circles, one parallel to equator, 
one parallel to meridians. Rotate globe, 
Let pupils see how all points of same 
latitude pass under same point of the 
meridian circle, in succession. Also, 
how all points on same meridian pass 
under meridian circle at same moment. 
Use pair of compasses to show: 
(1) Parallels of latitude shorten as pole 
is approached: (2) Meridian of longi- 
tude is of same length for a given arc 
at all points. 

COLLECTION 1564. 

Advanced Geography — Page 12. 

Volcanic Explosions. 

Apparatus: Test, tube, test tube 
holder, Bunsen burner, or alcohol lamp, 
cork for test tube. Fill test tube three- 
quarters full of water. Hold over 
flame cautiously. (Do this over a news- 
paper laid on desk and point tube away 
from pupils.) Note how bubbles form 
at bottom and water is then thrown 
out. Then fill test tube half full 
of water, cork GENTLY, and repeat 
heating, taking care that tube does not 
point toward pupils. Note how cork is 
at last thrown out with great violence 
— an explosion, in fact. Can pupils ex- 
plain volcanic explosions? Did they 
note how test tube shook at moment of 
explosion? Can they explain the earth- 
quakes that accompany volcanic ex- 
plosions? 

NOTE. Great care on the part of the 
ttacher is necessary in this experiment. 

COLLECTION 1565. 
Advanced Geography — Page 13. 
Expansion by Frost. 
Apparatus: Test tube, copper beaker, 



100 



cork. Fill test tube full of water, cork 
recurely. Put into the beaker some 
( i icked ice and salt, one-third salt, 
two-thirds ice. Set test tube upright 
into freezing mixture, put beaker on 
newspaper on desk. Wrap beaker 
in a towel to exclude heat that would 
waste ice. What occurs as the water 
in test tube freezes? Have pupils seen 
sidewalks raised by frost in the winter 
time? 

COLLECTION 1566. 

Advanced Geography — Page 13. 

Atmospheric Moisture. 

Apparatus: 2-oz. flask, cork, some 
ice water, some hot water. Fill flask 
with ice water, cork securely. Invert 
and let flask stand two or three minutes 
on desk. Let pupils note formation of 
dew. Whence came the dew? Now 
empty flask and refill with hot water. 
Repeat as before. Note that no dew is 
formed. On what does formation of 
dew depend? Will hot air or cold air 
hold most moisture? If out of doors it 
is cold, try putting flask of ice water out 
of window. Let pupils see that "cold air 
will not form dew in contact with cold 
flask, while hot air will do so. 

COLLECTION 1567. 
Advanced Geography — Fage 13. 

Solids Left Behind in Evaporation. 

Apparatus: Small piece of window 
pane,, some strong brine. Let pupils 
note that no salt can be seen, though 
it can be tasted. The salt is "dis- 
solved " Now put a few drops on the 
clean glass, and spread it over the sur- 
face. Put the glass into sunlight, to 
hasten evaporation. Soon the water 
disappears — what becomes of it? The 
salt appears as small white crystals on 
the glass. 

COLLECTION- 1568. 

Advanced Geography — Page 13. 

Vapor of Salt Water Pure. 

Apparatus: Two 2-oz. flasks,, test 
tube holders, some strong brine in one 
flask, some cold water in the other, 
Bunsen burner, or alcohol lamp. Hold 
brine flask over flame until boiling be- 
gins. Then hold cold flask in escaping 
steam. Let some one taste dew con- 
densed on flask, and ascertain if it is 



salty. Where is salt left? Compare 
what is said on page 15 of textbook of 
the salt carried down by streams into 
lakes, etc. 

COLLECTION 1569. 

Advanced Geography — Page 14. 

Cloud Formation. 

Apparatus: 2-oz. flask, test tube 
holder, Bunsen burner. Fill flask two- 
thirds full of water, and hold over 

me till the water boils. Remove flask 
and hold at open window for a moment. 
Let pupils see cloud of escaping steam. 
Have pupils seen such clouds before? 
(Steam escaping from engine exhausts.) 
Bring flask into room — cloud disap- 
pears. Why so? Can pupils tell why 
a morning mist disappears as sun rises? 
What is dew? Hoar-frost? Their cause? 

COLLECTION 1570. 
Advanced Geography — Page 14. 
Springs. 
Apparatus: Flower pot, filled with 
sand, flower pot saucer. Let pupils see 
that saucer is dry. Pour some water 
on the sand. In a few minutes, water 
begins to ooze from bottom of pot into 
saucer. How did it reach this place? 
Springs are simply the outlets 'for 
'•ground water" — the water passing 
through the earth, as it did through 
sand in the experiment. Tt will add 
much to the interest of the experiment 
if the water poured on the sand is 
muddy — that oozing out at the bottom 
will be clearer. Let student explain 
this. Also, why spring water is usually 
clear. 

COLLECTION 1571. 

Advanced Geography — Page 14. 

Springs and Water Level. 

Apparatus: Equilibrium tube. Let 

pupils note difference in form and size 

of tubes. Now fill tubes partly with 

water. To what height does water rise 

in each tube? If one of the tubes is 

cut shorter, what would water do in 

that tube? How does the artesian well 

supply water? How do our city water 

pipes supply water? 

COLLECTION 1572. 

Advanced Geography — Page 15. 

Salt Present in Water. 

Apparatus: 4-inch platinum wire. 

pliers, Bunsen burner, or alcohol lamp, 



101 



some brine, hydrant water. Dip wire 
into brine and hold in flame. Note yel- 
low color. When color disappears, dip 
wire into hydrant water, and repeat. 
[iocs yellow color reappear? If so, 
what does hydrant water contain? 
How, then," do yon account for "salt 
lakes?" 

COLLECTION 1573. 

Advanced Geography — Page 15. 

Lime Present in Water — Hard Water. 

Apparatus: Two test tubes, corks, 
bottle distilled water, some soap. Cut 
some soap into fine shavings. Put some 
distilled water into one test tube, and 
hydrant water into the other. Add soa-i 
shavings to each. Cork securely and 
shake. Note the formation in the hy- 
drant water of a white, curdy sub- 
stance; the distilled water simply 
"lathers." This is a familiar test for 
hard water, i. e., water containing lime. 

Get from the Museum, specimens of 
"stalactites" and "stalagmites." Can 
puprls explain the formation of these? 
Consult what is said of water as it 
evaporates, on page 1 3. 

Advanced Geography — Page 19. 

Glacier Formation. 

Apparatus: Some snow. Let pupils 
note how loosely the crystals lie. Now 
make a snowball with gentle pressure. 
Examine carefully. Roll the ball under 
heavy pressure. Note how it gradually 
hardens into a more solid mass. Wet 
it now slightly and roll again under 
still heavier pressure. Note how it at 
last becomes almost as solid as ice. A 
glacier is a mass of snow consolidated 
under pressure in large masses, and the 
water sinks through the snow to the 
bottom, thus aiding the packing into 
ice. 

COLLECTION 1574. 

Advanced Geography — Page 20. 

Work of Glaciers. 

Apparatus: Two blocks of soft pine, 
some sand. Fut some sand on one block 
and rub the other block over the lower 
one, using heavy pressure. Note how 
grains of sand become set in upper 
block and cut scratches in lower one. 
In same way, stones become imbedded 



in moving glacier, and cut and scratch 
the rocks over which the glacier passes. 
Note, too, that if blocks are wet, sand 
cuts faster. The same is true of glacier 
cutting. <';m pupils explain how the 

bottom of a glacier bee s wet'.' 

(Water from top descends in the crev- 
ices to the bottom.) 

COLLECTK >N 1575. 

Advanced Geography — Page 23. 

The Seasons. 

Amount of heat falling' on surface 
varies with the ANGLE. 

Apparatus: Burning glass, some 
matches. Let sunlight fall on lens at 
right angles. Put match at focus and 
note how easily it lights. Repeat, let- 
ting sunlight fall at an oblique angle 
on lens. Note how much longer is re- 
quired to light the match. Why so? 
The lens is the same and has the same 
surface. When will sun's rays be warm- 
est? If something is to be warmed by 
the sun, why are we careful to put its 
surface at right angles to the sun- 
light? 

COLLECTION 1576. 

Advanced Geography — Page 23. 

The Seasons, 

Apparatus: The Tellurian. This 
can be used with profit to make clear to 
pupils the inclination of the earth's 
axis, the varying length of day and 
night, the difference of temperature be- 
tween day and night, the succession of 
the seasons, the equinoxes, etc. 

COLLECTION 1577. 

Advanced Geography — Page 24. 

Density of Atmosphere. 

Apparatus: Barometer tube, glass 
mortar, beaker, meter rod, 1 lb. mer- 
cury in bottle. Fill tube with mercury, 
using beaker for pouring. Put finger 
on upper, end, invert tube and put into 
glass mortar which contains rest of 
mercury. Note how mercury sinks to 
something like 29 or 3 inches above 
that in cistern. What supports mercury? 
What happens when barometer is taken 
up a hill? If the air grows heavier? 
-When a storm is approaching? If a 



102 



storm is ending? Note — In removing 
mercury, raise tube for an instant out 
of mercury, replace and wait till air- 
bubble reaches top of tube. Repeat 
several times till all mercury is re- 
moved. Pour from cistern into beakei- 
and thence into tube. Take care not to 
jar anything containing mercury, lest 
breakage result. 

COLLECTION 1578. 

Advanced Geography — Page 25. 

The Winds. 

Apparatus: Bunsen burner, or alco- 
hol lamp, piece of cardboard, thermom- 
eter. Light burner and strike two 
blackboard erasers together near flame. 
Note how chalk dust rises. Hold ther- 
mometer some distance above flame, 
Note how fast temperature rises. Put 
cardboard at a slant above flame. Note 
how current of warm air is deflected. 
Why does hot air rise? "Why does a 
hot-air balloon rise? 

If possible, have someone bring a clay 
pipe to school and blow some soap- 
bubbles. Why does the soapbubble at 
first rise — later sink? Try blowing a 
bubble by connecting the gas to the 
pipe by means of the rubber tubing — 



note how the bubble continues to rise 
until it breaks. What causes this dif- 
ference? (Gas is lighter than either 
warm or cool air.) 

Advanced Geography — Page 25. 

The Winds (Continued). 

If air out of doors is much cooler 
than in the room, let a pupil open the 
window. Use lighted candle to deter- 
mine direction of air current at bottom 
and top of open window. This may also 
be done by using two erasers struck 
together, so as to jar off the chalk dust. 

Now, winds act, in a large way, just 
as did the air currents in this trial — 
cold air blows below towards warm air; 
warm air blows above towards cool air. 

Advanced Geography — Page 26. 

Rainfall. 

The condensation of moisture which 
causes rain is well illustrated by the 
"rain" from an exhaust steampipe. 
When the steam passes out of such a 
pipe in winter, objects on the leeward 
side are wet as with rain. Can pupils 
explain this? What causes the steam 
to condense?- What causes the cloud 
from one's breath in frosty weather? 



103 

To the Teacher. 

Use this blank pag-e to insert additional collections 1581 to 1600, to toe given 
in future Supplementary Catalog-ues. 



104 
LANTERN SLIDE LESSONS. 

LANTERN SLIDES may be ordered, and will be delivered and called for by 
museum wagons, same as other museum material. 

I. PURPOSE. — The lantern slide lessons are designed to clear and strength- 
en the topics already in the Course of Study, and to make the subjects more 
real and impressive. The lantern slide lessons are not to be considered as ad- 
ditions to the subjects of instruction in the common schools. They should 
be looked upon in the light of helps to the various studies by supplying illus- 
tration and pictorial explanation of the topics assigned to the various grades. 

II. ADVANTAGES TO INSTRUCTION. — The lantern slide pictures present- 
ed on the screen are to give greater reality to the lessons of the book by appeal- 
ing to the eye, to imagination and thought. They help to make the study of 
geography, for instance, a study of facts and actual conditions rather than of 
the words of the text-book. Pictures assist the memory and judgment alike, 
and convey to. the child a clearer and more comprehensive impression of reality 
than can be done by verba] description alone. The study of geography, for in- 
stance, forms part of the work of every school in the country. The pupil learns 
at an early age about the ocean and the forms of land and water; in many 
cases the child engaged in this study has never left his native city and never 
seen a body of water larger than the ponds in the parks. The words of the 
book relating to such topics present no reality within his recollection. To such 
a child a lantern slide lesson with pictures of the ocean with its waves and 
storms; of hay and river, promontory, rocky shore and beach, will give knowl- 
edge Which could not be derived from hooks and words alone The pictures lend 
reality to the chilli's work. 

III. METHOD OF PICTURE RECITATION. — A brief recitation or expla- 
nation should accompany each slide shown on the screen. This explanation should 
be given by the children themselves, as far as it is in any way feasible; it should 
be very brief, not more than could be written in three or four lines. A fuller 
explanation should be deferred. The lantern slide lesson should not be pro- 
tracted by lengthy recitations. The time of twenty to thirty minutes should, 
under no circumstances, be exceeded. Where is seems advisable for a full under- 
standing of the picture >>n the screen the teacher of the room or the principal 
may add a verj brief word of further explanation It is suggested that such 
questions be asked by the teacher at all points of the lesson as will invite the 
attention of the children to close observation of the picture before them. It 
would be a total departure from the intention and purpose of these lessons it' 
thr) were given in the form of lectures or lengthy explanations. Each lantern 
slide lesson should he a series of very brief recitations and the children should 
be actively engaged in speaking . and answering questions while the pictures are 
shown. They should not he merely passive spectators. The various topics 
should be assigned beforehand, and a brief explanation, not exceeding thirty 
words, prepared by each child to whom a topic is assigned. Each recitation 
should be strictly in reference to the picture on the screen, and not be a rambling 
talk on some subject which is but indirectly connected with the picture. 

In history lessons special care should be taken in this respect. The entire 
period covered by the lesson is supposed to have been already studied in class, 
and might be reviewed the day previous to the lantern lesson. When the pictures 
are before the .class the chief attention of pupils and teacher should be directed 
to the particular incident illustrated and not to the series of events that led 
up to or followed it. 

IV. REVIEW OP LESSON. — The impressions of the lessons should be 
utilized by subsequent recitations and by composition work. 

V. ARRANGEMENT OF THE CATALOGUE OF SLIDES. — A list of the 
slides owned by the Board of Education is printed below. They are arranged in 
sets so that the teachers need not select individual slides, but will find the 
pictures suitably arranged under the subject which they wish to illustrate. 



105 

VI. MAPS. — A slide with a map forms frequently the beginning of a lesson. 
These maps are not intended for general study but to briefly trace those special 
topics with which the lesson deals. The general subject of the lesson must al- 
ways be kept in view in the use made of each picture. A scene in New Haven, 
Conn., introduced to illustrate foliage, manner of building, etc., in the temperate 
zone, is not to be treated in the same manner as if it occurred in a lesson on 
the New England States in general or as a locality famous in American history. 

VII. DESCRIPTION OF SLIDES.— Owing to the difficulty on the part of 
teachers and pupils of preparing adequate 'descriptions of pictures not seen be- 
forehand, a few words besides the title have been added in every case where the 
title is not a sufficient indication of the contents of the picture. When the sub- 
ject is a well-known incident, building, work of art or locality, as, for example, 
"The Cherry Tree Incident," "Cathedral of Notre Dame," "Da Vinci's Last 
Supper," "Spouting Horn, Me," etc.. very little, if anything, has been added in 
explanation, owing to the ease and deflniteness with which pupil and teacher 
can inform themselves on the subject. 

VIII. MANAGEMENT OF THE APPARATUS.— From the list of lantern 
slide lessons herewith presented, principals and teachers may select such lessons 
as they consider best adapted to their schools. It is hoped that at no distant 
day each school may own a lantern. 

One room in each school building has been fitted up for these lessons, and 
the classes will go to this room in rotation. No lantern slide lesson should be 
longer than twenty to thirty minutes. After each lesson the room should he 
well ventilated. 



CLASSIFICATION OF LANTERN SLIDE LESSONS. 
GEOGRAPHY— DESCRIPTIVE. 

NORTH AMERICA. 

On the Great Lakes. 

New England States. 

Niagara, New York City and Boston. 

Trip from St. Louis to Washington. 

City of Washington. — No. 1. 

City of Washington. — No. 2. 

Indianapolis. 

Life in the South. 

Florida. 

City of St. Louis. 

History of St. Louis. 

Louisiana Purchase Exposition. — No. 1. 

Louisiana Purchase Exposition. — No 2. 

Louisiana Purchase Exposition. — Statuary and Sculptures. 

A Walk through the Public Schools of St. Louis. 

A Trip from San Francisco to St. Louis. 

A Trip through Colorado. 

Salt Lake and Western Trip. 

San Francisco, California. 

Mexico and Central America. 

West Indies. 

Hawaii. 

American Arctic Expedition. 

Greenland's Icy Mountains, or Whaling in the Arctic Regions. 

SOUTH AMERICA. 

Lesson 1624. South America. 

EUROPE. 

A Trip to Europe. — No. 1. 
A Trip to Europe. — No. 2. 



Lesson 


1600. 


Lesson 


1601. 


Lesson 


1602. 


Lesson 


1603. 


Lesson 


1604. 


Lesson 


1605. 


Lesson 


1606. 


Lesson 


1607. 


Lesson 


1608. 


Lesson 


1609. 


Lesson 


1610. 


Lesson 


1611. 


Lesson 


1612. 


Lesson 


1613. 


Lesson 


1614. 


Lesson 


1615. 


Lesson 


1616. 


Lesson 


1617. 


Lesson 


1618. 


Lesson 


1619. 


Lesson 


1620. 


Lesson 


1621. 


Lesson 


1622. 


Lesson 


1623. 



Lesson 1625. 
Lesson 1626. 



106 



England and Wales. — No. 1. 

England and Wales.— No. 2. 

Scotland and Ireland. 

Spain and Portugal. 

France. 

Paris, France. 

Germany. 

North Central Germany. 

South Central Germany. 

Southern Germany. 

Austria. 

Switzerland. 

A Trip Through Switzerland. 

Italy. 

Milan, Verona, Naples, Florence, Italy. 

Venice, Italy. 

Rome, Italy. 

Greece, 1 ast and Present. 

Holland and Belgium. 

Norway and Denmark. 

Russia. 

Russo-Japanese War and Russian Revolution. 

ASIA. 

British Empire in Asia. 

Western and Central Asia. 

A Trip to Asia, — ( China and Japan). 

A Visit in Japan. 

Australia and the Islands of the Pacific. 

AFRICA. 

South Africa. 

A Trip to Egypt. — Xo. 1. 

A Trip tn Egypt — Xo. 2. 

Egypt the Land of the Pyramids. 

A Trip to Algiers. 

MODES OF TRAVELING 

Lesson 1659. Modes of Travel — On Land, on Water, in Air. 



Lesson 


1627. 


Lesson 


1628. 


Lesson 


1629. 


Lesson 


1630. 


Lesson 


1631. 


Lesson 


1632. 


Lesson 


1633. 


Lesson 


1634. 


Lesson 


1635. 


Lesson 


1636. 


Lesson 


1637. 


Le-son 


1638. 


Lesson 


1639. 


Le?son 


1640. 


Lesson 


1641. 


Lesson 


1642. 


Lesson 


1643. 


Lesson 


1644. 


Lesson 


1645. 


Lesson 


1646. 


Lesson 


1647. 


Lesson 


1648. 


Lesson 


1649. 


Lesson 


1650. 


Lesson 


1651. 


Lesson 


1C52. 


Lesson 


1653. 


Lesson 


1654. 


Lesson 


1655. 


Lesson 


1656. 


Lesson 


1657. 


Lesson 


1658. 



PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

Some Forms of Land and Water. 

The Ocean, (Elementary). 

Ocean Tides. 

Rivers, Valleys, Floodplains and Waterfalls. 

Mississippi River System. 

Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Geysers. 

Glaciers, Past and Present. 

The Upheaval of the Land. 

The Wearing Away of the Land. — No. 1. 

The Wearing Away of the Land. — No. 2. 

The Zones. — No. 1. 

The Zones. — No. 2. 

Elementary Physical Geography. 

Elementary Geology. 

Atmospheric Agents and Phenomena. 

INDUSTRIAL. 

Lesson 1675. Agriculture or Our Bread and How We Get It. 



Lesson 


1660. 


Lesson 


1661. 


Lesson 


1662. 


Lesson 


1663. 


Lesson 


1664. 


Lesson 


1665. 


Lesson 


1666. 


Lesson 


1667. 


Lesson 


1668. 


Lesson 


1669. 


Lesson 


1670. 


Lesson 


1671. 


Lesson 


1672. 


Lesson 


1673. 


Lesson 


1674. 



107 



Lesson 1676. Tea and Coffee. 

Lesson 1677. Coal Mining or Underground Life. 

Lesson 1678. Cotton. 

Lesson 1679. Manufacture of Plate Glass. 

Lesson 1680. Silk, and How We Get It. 

Lesson 1681. Manufacture of Linen. 

Lesson 1682. Lumbering and Mining. 

Lesson 1683. Hunting, Fishing and Herding. 

ASTRONOMICAL. 

Lesson 1684. Astronomy. 

Lesson 1685. Astronomical Geography. 

Lesson 1686. Astronomical Diagrams. 

Lesson 1687. Astronomy. 



SCIENCE. 



Lesson 
Lesson 
ing 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 

Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 



BOTAHY. 

1688. Elementary Botany. 

1689. Some Plants and Trees Used as Food, Clothing, Medicine, Build- 
Materials, etc. 

1690. Some American Mushrooms. 
Some American Trees. 
Twelve Common Trees. — (Colored Slides). 

ZOOLOGY. 
Animals. 

Animals That Are Our Friends. 
A Visit to a Menagerie. 



1691. 
1692. 

1693. 
1694. 
16S5. 



Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 
Lesson 



16S6. 
1697. 
1698. 
1699. 
1700. 
1701. 
1702. 
1703. 
1704. 
1705. 
1706. 



HISTORY. 



American History from 1492 to 1682. 

Colonial Homes. 

Colonial Furniture. 

Colonial Costumes. 

American History from 1755 to 1899. 

Life of Washington. 

Portraits of Men, Famous in Connection with American History. 

Portraits of Various Educators, Authors, Artists, Inventors. 

Life of Abraham Lincoln. 

Life of U. S. Grant. 

Portraits of Men, Famous in Connection with the History of Europe. 



ART. 

Lesson 1707. Historic Styles of Architecture. — No. 

Lesson 1708. Historic Styles of Architecture. — No. 

Lesson 1709. Great Artists and their Works. — No. 

Lesson 1710. Great Artists and their Works. — No. 

Lesson 1711. Portraits of Great Artists. 

Lesson 1712. Millet and His Friends. 

Lesson 1713. Art — Reproductions. 

LITERATURE. 

Lesson 1714. Curfew Shall not Ring To-Night. 

Lesson 1715. Sheridan's Ride. 

Lesson 1716. The Charge of the Light Brigade. 

Lesson 1717. Paul Revere's Ride. 

Lesson 1718. The Bridge. 

Lesson 1719. Rip Van Winkle. 

Lesson 1720. The Village Blacksmith. 

Lesson 1721. Hiawatha. 



108 



Lesson 1722. 
Lesson 1723. 
Lesson 1724. 
Lesson 1725. 
Lesson 1726. 
Lesson 1727. 
Lesson 1728. 



Evangeline. 
Merchant of Venice. 
Lady of the Lake. 
The Brook. 
Red Riding Hood. 
Cinderella. 
The Pied Piper. 



Lesson 1729. Snow White. 



Lesson 


1730. 


Lesson 


1731. 


Lesson 


1732. 


Lesson 


1733. 


Lesson 


1734. 


Lesson 


1735. 


Lesson 


1736. 


Lesson 


1737. 



The Ugly Ducklim 
Chicken Little. 
Jack, Giant Killer 
Puss in Boots. 
Tom Thumb. 
The Three Pigs. 
The Three Bears. 
Robinson Crusoe. 



SLIDES ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE CLASSICS. 

Lesson 1738. Scenes in Northern and Central Greece. 

Lesson 1739. Scenes in the. Peloponnesus. 

Lesson 1740. Slides Illustrative of Virgillan Scents. 

Lesson 1741. Slides Illustrating Virgil's Aeneid. 

Lesson 1742. Slides Showing Roman and Pompeiian Scenes. 



LANTERN LESSONS. 



LESSON 1600. 
ON THE GREAT LAKES. 



1. Map of North America. Locate 
Places to be Visited. 

2. Chicago. Panorama Looking East, 
drain Elevators and Lake Michigan in 
I Hstanee. 

3. Chicago. Railroad Station. 

4. Chicago. Street with Buildings. 

5. Chicago. Lincoln I 'ark. Lincoln 
Statue. 

6. Chicago. Lift Bridge. Halsted St. 

7. Chicago. Cattle Pens. 



8. Chicago. 


Filing Lumber. Very 


High Stacks. 




9. Chicago. 


Lake •Front, People, 


Pleasure Boat. 




10. Chicago. 


Lake Steamer, Grain 


Elevator on Le 


ft. 


11. Mich., 


Marquel te, Whaleback 


Steamer. 





12. Mich. Lake Michigan, Sand Dune 
Sail Boat. 

18. Mich. Mackinaw, Old Fort on 
Hill, Buildings near Lake. 

14. Mich. Lake Superior at Ashland. 
Long Piers with Railroad Tracks ex- 
tern ling far out into Lake. 

15. Ohio, Cleveland. Euclid Avenue. 

16. N. Y., Lake Erie at Buffalo, 
3each, Lighthouse. 

17. N. Y., Buffalo. Main Street from 
lie I roquois. 

■8. Canada, Toronto. University, Ex- 
terior. 

19. Canada. Welland Canal Locks. 

20. Canada, Ontario. Welland Canal. 
Canal Boat Drawn by Horses. Part or 
Fork Gate in Foreground on Left. 



LESSON 1601. 
NEW ENGLAND STATES. 



1. Me., Bar Harbor. Sporting Horn. 

2. Me., Ship Building. View in Ship 
Yard. Hull of Ship. 

3. Me., Granite Quarry. View of 
Quarry and Machinery. 

4. Me., Lumber Region. Hauling 
Logs through Forest. Snow on Ground. 

5. Me., Rangeley Lake. Log Cabins 
Pine Trees. 

6. Me., Indian School House. Group 
of Pupils and Teacher. 

7. Squaw and Papoose. 



8. N. H, Portsmouth. Navy Yard, 
Sail and Row Boats. 

9. N. H., White Mts. Crawford 
Notch. Lake in Foreground. Train of 
Cars in Distance. 

10. Mass., Boston. Panorama Look- 
ing Southeast towards Harbor. 

11. Mass., Boston. Old South Church. 

12. Mass., Boston. Faneuil Hall. 

13. Mass. Boston. Bunker Hill 
Monument. 

14. Mass., Boston. State Capitol. 



109 



15. Mass., Boston. Soldiers' Monu- 
ment. Boston Common. 

16. Mass., Boston. Art Museum. Ex- 
terior. 

17. Mass., Cambridge. Harvard Col- 
lege, Holden Chapel and Moss Hall. 

IS. Mass., Cambridge. Longfellow's 
Home, Exterior. 

19. Mass., Lowell. Cotton Mills 
Driven by Water Power. Rapids in 
Foreground. 

20. Mass., Plymouth. Panorama Look- 
ing towards Harbor. 

21. Mass., Plymouth. Pilgrim Hall. 



Interior, Paintings on Walls: "Landing 
of Pilgrims." "Embarkation." 

2 2. Mass., Fall River. Cotton Fac- 
Smoke Stack. Cotton Sheds on 



tory. 
Left. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 



R. I., Newport. Beach. Sea Wall. 

R. I., Newport. Old Mill. 

Conn., Hartford. The Capitol. 

Conn., New Haven. Temple Street. 
Arch of Elms. 

27. Conn., New Haven. Yale College. 
! I.i II of Fine Arts and Stillman's Lab- 
oratory. Elm Trees. 



LESSON 1602. 
NIAGARA— NEW YORK CITY AND BOSTON. 



3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

River 

12. 



Niagara Falls, Distant View. 13. New York 

Niagara Falls. Steamers. 1 4. New York. 

Niagara. Falls and Elevator. 15. New York. 

Niagara. Cataract House. 1 n. New York. 

Niagara. Above the Falls. 17. New York. 

Niagara. Rapids above the Falls. ig. New York. 

Niagara. Bridge and Elevator. 19. New York. 

Niagara. Suspension Bridge. 20. Boston. 

New York. Statue of Liberty. 21. Boston. 

New York, from North River 22. Boston. 

New York. Steamer on North 23. Boston. 

2 4. Boston. 
New York from East River. 



Ferry. 

Wharf and People. 
World Building. 
Elevated Railroad. 

St. Luke's Hospital. 

Columbia College. 

Grant's Tomb. 
Fountain in Commons. 
Art Museum. 
Massacre Monument. 
Soldiers Monument. 
Trinity Church. 



LESSON 1603. 



TRIP FROM ST. LOUIS TO WASHINGTON. 



Clark Street. 
Auditorium Hotel, 



1. 111., Chicago. 

2. 111., Chicago. 
Exterior. 

3. N. Y., Niagara. General "View. 
American Falls. Goat Island, Horse Shoe 
Falls in Distance. 

4. N. Y., Niagara. Falls in Winter. 

5. N. Y., Lake George. 

6. N. Y., Saratoga. Congress Hall. 

7. N. Y., Saratoga. Congress Spring. 

8. N. Y., Newburgh. Washington's 
Headquarters, Exterior. 

9. Mass., Boston. Panorama. State 
House in Distance. 

10. Mass., Boston. Old North Church. 
Mass., Boston. Faneuil Hall, Ex- 



11. 
terior 

12. 
terior 

13. 
sades. 

14. N. Y. West Point 
son River. 



Mass., Boston. State House. Ex- 
N. Y. Hudson River. The Pali- 



Battery. Hud- 



15. N. Y. Sunnyside, the Home of 
Washington Irving. Tarrytown. 

16. New York City. Grand Central 
Depot. Exterior. 

17. New York City. Broadway. 
New York City. City Hall. Pano- 
Looking West towards Hudson 



I s. 
rama 
River 

19. 



New York. Long Island Sound. 



Steamer. 

20. New York City. Stock Exchange. 

21. New York City. Post Office. 

2 2. New York City. Elevated Rail- 
road. Chatham Square. 

23. New York City. St. Patrick's Ca- 
thedral. Exterior. 

2 4. New York City. Central Park. 
Obelisk. 

25. N. Y., Brooklyn Bridge. 

26. Pa., Philadelphia. Independence 
Hall, Exterior, 



110 

27. Pa., Philadelphia. Girard College, 30. Va., Mt. Vernon. "Washington's 
Exterior. Home. 

28. Washington, D. C. Capitol, Ex- 31. Va., Mt. Vernon. Washington's 
terior. Tomb. 

29. Washington, D. C. White House 
Exterior. 



LESSON 1604. 
CITY OF WASHINGTON, D. C. — No. 1. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited). 

2. Washington. Capitol Building. 

3. Washington. Capitol, another 
view. 

4. Senate Chamber. United States 
Capitol. 

5. House of Representatives. 

6. Painting in Rotunda of Capitol; 
"Signing" the Emancipation Proclama- 
tion. 

7. Washington Monument. 
"Washington. Capitol, Distant 



8. 

View. 

9. 

10. 

Room. 

11. 



Congressional Library. Exterior. 
Congressional Library. Reading 

Washington. Library Fountain. 



12. Washington. Library Fountain. 

13. Washington. Treasury Building. 

1 4. Washington. New Post Office. 

15. National Museum. Exterior. 

16. Tension Bureau. Interior where 
Inauguration Ball is Held. 

17. White House. Exterior. 

18. White House. Interior, East 
Room. 

19. 

terior 

20. 

21. 



White House Conservatory. In- 



Washington. Lincoln Statue. 
Former Residence of Lee, Arling- 
ton, Va. 

22. Steamboat Landing, Potomac 
River, Mt. Vernon, Va. 

23. Portrait of Washington by Peale. 



LESSOX 1605. 



CITY OF WASHINGTON, D. C. — No. 2. 



1. Pennsylvania Avenue Looking to- 
ward Capitol. 

2. The Capitol. Ex terior. 

3. Capitol Hill. Rear. 

I. The Senate. Interior. 

5. House of Representatives. In- 
terior. 

6. Painting in Rotunda of Capitol: 
"Westward the Course of Empire Takes 
its Way." 

7. Washington Monument Reflected 
in River. 

8. Washington Monument. 

9. Army and Navy Building. Ex- 
terior. 

10. Congressional Library. Gallery 
and Stairway to Reading Room. 



11. Library Fountain. 

12. Library Fountain. 

13. Treasury Department. Exterior. 
1 I. Patent Office. Exterior. 

15. National Museum. Interior. 

16. President McKinley taking the 
Oath of Office, Front of Capitol. 

17. White House. Front. 

18. "White House. Rear. 

19. White House. 

20. Garfield Statue. 

21. Soldiers' Graves. Arlington, Va. 

22. Washington's Residence. Mt. Ver- 
non, Va. 

23. Portrait of Martha Washington 
as a young woman. 



LESSON 1606. 
INDIANAPOLIS. 



1. State House and Street. 

2. State House Cupola. 

3. Library. 



4. Soldiers' Monument, 
g. Hendricks Statue. 



Ill 



LESSON 1607. 
LIFE IN THE SOUTH. 



1. Term., Memphis. Dock Scene. 

2. Tenn., Chickamauga, Soldiers' 
Monument. 

3. Tenn., Tennessee River. Lookout 
Mt. in Distance. 

4. Tex., San Antonio. Alamo Plaza. 

5. Tex., San Antonio. San Jose Mis- 
sion. Ruined Building. 

6. Tex., Cow Boys Mounted. 

7. La., New Orleans. Levee. Steamer 
Natchez, Gang Plank Lowered. Mer- 
chandise in Foreground to be Loaded on 
Steamer — Cotton Bales, Furniture, etc. 

8. La., New Orleans. French Quar- 
ter. Old Houses Facing Street. High 
Walls. Door Opening on Inner Court. 

9. La., New Orleans. Jackson Monu- 
ment and St. Louis Cathedral. 

10. Typical Southern Home. Broad 
Veranda. Shade Trees. 

11. La. A Piney Woods Farmhouse 
on the Tchfunctcha River. 

12. La. A Happy Southern Family. 
Negroes. Cabin. Cart Drawn by Ox. 

13. Ala. Picking Cotton. Farm House 
in Distance. 



14. Fla. Cypress Swamp. Long Moss 
Hanging from Trees. 

15. Fla. Long Beach, Flat and Sandy. 
Promenaders. 

16. Fla. Cocoanut Trees. Houses. 

17. Fla. Gathering Oranges. Tall 
Ladders Set up against Trees. 

18. Fla. Pineapple Plantation. 

19. Fla. St. Augustine. Old Cathedral 
from the Plaza. 

20. Fla. St. Augustine. Old Slave 
Market. 

21. Fla., Jackson. Interior of Sub- 
tropical Building. Typical Products on 
Exhibition. 

22. Fla., Key West. Weighing Tur- 
tles. 

23. Ga., Thomasville. Typical South- 
ern Negro, Cart and Mule. 

2 4. Ga. Ox-Cart. Old Colored Man 
Driving. 

25. Ga. Group of Colored Children in 
Field. 

26. S. C, Charleston. City Hall. 



LESSON 1608. 
FLORIDA. 



1. St. 
1 Iai-bor. 

2. St. 

3. St. 

4. St. 
de Leon. 

5. St. 
de Leon. 

6. St. 
de Leon. 



Augustine, Fla. View from 

Augustine, Fla. Boats at Pier. 
Augustine, Fla. Boats Racing. 
Augustine, Fla. Hotel Ponce 

Augustine, Fla. Hotel Ponce 

Augustine, Fla. Hotel Ponce 
Interior Entrance. 



7. St. Augustine, Fla. Oldest Church. 

8. St. Augustine, Fla. Oldest House. 

9. St. Augustine, Fla. Hotel Alcazar. 

10. Lake Worth, Fla. Palms. 

11. Lake Worth, Fla. Palm Grove. 

12. Lake Worth, Fla. Palms and Sea 

13. Lake Worth, Fla. Garden in Front 
of Hotel. 

14. Jacksonville, Fla. Yacht Talis- 
man. 



LESSON 1609. 



CITY OF ST. LOUIS. 



1. Map of St. Louis and Suburbs. 
Illinois Shore— East St. Louis, Madison, 
etc. 

2. Panorama of St. Louis, Looking 
West. Custom-House in Distance. 

3. Eads Bridge and Levee. Wharf 
Boat. Steamer Loading. Merchandise on 
Bank. 

4. Ferry Boat on the Mississippi. 



5. Old French Quarter. Broadway 
Cable Car. 

6. Planters Hotel. Exterior. 

7. Republic Building. Exterior. 

8. Lafayette Park Methodist Church. 

9. Olive Street, Looking East, Cen- 
tury Building, Custom House, Chemical 
Building, Odd Fellows Building. 



112 



10. Post Office or Custom House and 
Chemical Building. 

11. Exposition Building. Exterior. 

12. City Hall. Exterior. 

13. Museum of Fine Arts. Exterior, 

14. Union Station. Exterior. 

15. Interior of Union Station. Wail- 
ing Room. 

16. Interior of Shoe Factory. Men 
at Work. 

17. Early Settler's House. Stood on 
3rd and Plum Sts. 

18. Lucas Place, Looking East from 
Jefferson Avenue, North Side of Street. 

19. Residence. Lindell Boulevard ami 
King's Highway. 

20. Central Y. M. C. A. Building. 
Grand and Franklin Aves. 

21. High School. Grand Ave. 

22. High School. Botany Room. 

23. Fremont School. Natural History 
Cabinet. 

24. Columbia School. Domestic 
Science, Cooking. 



25. Columbia School. Manual Train- 
ing Room. 

26. Mullanphy Hospital, Garrison and 
Montgomery Sts. 

27. Work House Quarry, South St. 
Louis. 

28. Shaw's Garden. Flower Beds. 

29. Shaw's Garden. Lily Pond. Hot 
Houses in Background. 

30. Forest Park Entrance. Statue of 
Frank P. Blair. 

31. Forest Park. Winter. Pagoda. 
Snow on Ground. 

WASHINGTI 'X UNIVERSITY. 

32. Administration Building. 

33. Hall of Congresses. 

:: \. Cloister of Hall of Congresses. 

35. Dormitory Building for Enter- 
tainment. 

36. Minor Entrance of Entertain- 
ment Building'. 

37. College Dormitory. 



LESSON 1610. 
HISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 



1. Ferdinand DeSoto — Discoverer 
of the Mississippi. 

2. Robert Cavalier de La Salle. 

3. Father Marquette at St. Ignace 
—1670. 

4. St. Louis, Missouri as Trading 
Post in 1765. 

5. Fort St. Charles— 1776. 

6. Pierre Chouteau's House — 1785. 

7. Chouteau Pond, Site of 1 'resent 
Union Station. 

8. First Postofnce in St. Louis — 
L798. 

9. Thomas Jefferson. 

10. Napoleon Bonaparte. 

11. James Monroe — Special Envoy to 
Paris — 1803. 

12. Map of Louisiana Purchase and 
Statistics. 

13. Map of United States and 
Louisiana Purchase. 

14. First Government House of Up- 
per Louisiana. 

15. River Front St. Louis — 1840. 

16. Mississippi River in Midwinter 
20° below zero. > 

17. Scene on the Mississippi River. 

18. Osceola Bar, Mississippi River, 
Mattress Ballasted Ready for Sinking. 

19. Entrance to Tunnel — St. Louis. 

20. Union Station — St. Louis. 



New City Hall — St. Louis. 
Court House, St. Louis, Mo. 
First Catholic Church in 



21. 
22. 

23. First Catholic Church in St. 
Louis. 

24. Second Catholic Church in St. 
Louis. 

25. Walnut Street Cathedral — St 
Louis. 

26. Map "t St. Louis County. 

27. Panorama of St. Louis. 

28. Avenue through Wilderness — 
i World's l'aii- Site.) 

29. Forest Park in Winter. 

30. Bates Statue — Forest Park. 

31. White Fountain — Forest Park. 

32. New Washington University. 

33. Shaw's Garden. 

3 4. Mausoleum — Shaw's Garden. 

35. Statue of Humboldt — Tower 
Grove Park. 

36. Water Tower — Compton Hill. 

37. Panorama of St. Louis, Looking 
West. 

38. Panorama of St. Louis, Looking 
North. 

39. Meramec Highlands, near St. 
Louis. 

40. Meramec River at Crystal 
Bluffs. 

41. Jefferson Barracks. 



113 



LESSON 1611. 
LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION. 



1. Hon. D. R. Francis Driving First 
Stake at World's Fair, Sep. 3, 1901. 

2. World's Fair Map. 

3. Inside Inn. 

4. From the Center of Transverse 
Lagoon. 

5. A Colonnade of the Education 
Building-. 

6. One of the Many Bridges. 

7. Palace of Agriculture. 

S. Palace of Mines and Metallurgy. 

9. East Facade — Machinery Hall. 

10. Pennsylvania State Building. 



11. Indiana State Building. 

12. Washington State Building. 

13. Oklahoma Building. 

14. Montana Building. 
STATUARY AND SCULPTURE. 

15. Joliet. 

16. De Soto. 

17. Physical Liberty. 

18. Peace. 

19. Spirit of the Pacific Ocean. 

20. Progress of Manufacture. 

21. Fisheries. 

22. Ornamental Group. 



LESSON N 1612. 



LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION. 



1. Map of St. Louis Showing Loca- 
tion of World's Fair. 

2. Clearing Forest Park for World's 
Fair. 

3. Exposition Map. 

4. Hon. D. R. Francis — President 
L. P. E. 

5. Making New Channel for River 
des Peres. 

'6. Main Lagoon. (Excavating.) 

7. Splicing Beams for Agricultural 
Building. 

8. Electric Light Generator. 

9. From the Top of the Washington 
Building. 



10. From the Steps of the Govern- 
ment Building. 

11. East Facade — Varied Industries 
Building. 

12. Philippine Building. 

13. North Facade of Agricultural 
Building. 

14. Machinery Hall. 

15. Louisiana Purchase Monument. 

16. Virginia State Building. 

17. New York State Building. 

18. Arkansas State Building. 

19. South Dakota Building. 



LESSON 1613. 
STATTAKV AND SCULPTURE. (Worlds Fair). 



Cupid and the Fish. 

Quadriga. 

Louisiana Purchase 



1. 


Livingstone. 


17. 


2. 


Laclede. 


18. 


3. 


Manufacture. 


19. 


4. 


Sioux Chief. 


Flag. 


5. 


Industry. 


20. 


6. 


Commerce and Navigation. 


dustr 


7. 


Music. 


21. 


9. 


Group for Side Cascade. 


22. 


9. 


Quadriga. 


23. 


10. 


Wyoming. (Terrace of States.) 


24. 


11. 


Pestalozzi. 


25. 


12. 


Transport by Rail. 


26. 


13. 


Apollo and the Muses. 


27. 


14. 


Power. 


28. 


15. 


Spirit of the Atlantic. 


29. 


16. 


The Destiny of the Red Man. 





Exposition 



Swinging Colonnade — Varied In- 
es Building. 

Entrance — Palace of Education. 
Mexican Building. 
Palace of Electricity. 
Varied Industries Building. 
North Facade, Machinery Hall. 
West Virginia State Building. 
Connecticut State Building. 
Louisiana Building. 
Nevada Building. 



114 



LESSON 1614. 
A WALK THROUGH THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ST. LOUIS. 



1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
ning. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
21. 
25. 
let. 

26. 

ning. 

27. 

28. 



Lafayette. 
Cote Brilliante. 
Entrance — Blow. 
Shepard. 
Clay. 

Patrick Henry. 
Meramec. 
Lyon. 
Franklin. 
Humboldt. 
Ashland. 
Madison. 

Gardens — Teachers College. 
Corridor — Yeatman High. 
Upper Corridor — Patrick Henry. 
Sherman Corridor. 
Portable School Room. Exterior. 
Portable School Room. Interior. 
Kindergarten — On Circle — Fan- 
Kindergarten — Sherman School. 
Kindergarten — Columbia School. 
Kindergarten — Marquette School. 
Reading — 1st Grade — Fanning. 
Reading — 2nd Grade — Bates. 
Reading — 1st Grade — Caronde- 

Arithmetic — 2nd Grade — Fan- 



Arithmetic — 2nd Grade — Bates. 
Arithmetic, Measuring — Cote 
Brilliante. 

29. Visit to Blacksmith Shop — 
Gratiot. 

30. Visit to Baker's Shop. 

31. Geography— 3rd Grade — Pope. 

32. Geography — Fremont. 

33. Geography — Studying Cotton — 
Wyman. 

34. Nature Study— Using Museum 
Material — "Wyman. 

35. Study Hall — Museum. 

36. Indian Corner — Museum. 

37. Delivery Wagon — Museum. 

38. Teacher's Library — Museum. 

39. Nature Study — Mann. 

40. Nature Study — Hodgen. 

41. Cleaning a Lot — Dozier. 

42. School Gardening — Field. 

43. School Gardening — Roe. 

44. Physics — Mann. 

45. History — Lincoln. 

46. History — Wyman. 

47. Reading President's Message — 
Jefferson. 

48. Reference Books. — Hodgen. 



49. Lantern Drawing — Emerson. 

50. Drawing a Pose — 7th Grade — 
Washington. 

51. Sketching Animals — Dozier. 
Sketching Animals — Eliot. 
Construction Work — Marquette. 
Construction Work — Arlington. 
Manual Training — Blair at Co- 



52. 
53. 
54. 
55. 
lumbia 
56. 
57. 
58. 
59. 
60. 
61. 



Cooking Class at Columbia. 
Calisthenics — Field. 
Club Drill — Field. 
Boys Gymnasium — Shepard. 
Girls Gymnasium — Wyman. 
Calisthenics Drill — Field Day, 
May 21st, 1910. 

62. Races — Field Day, May 21st, 
1910. 

63. Music — 6th Grade — Fremont. 
61. Music — Froebel. 

65. Greeks— Laclede. 

66. Different Nationalities — Laclede. 

67. Hungarians — Humboldt. 

68. Bohemians — Carroll. 

69. Finlanders — Baden. 

70. Gypsies — Gratiot. 

71. Baths — Jefferson. 

72. Waiting for Doors to be Open- 
ed — Patrick Henry — Vacation. 

73. Wood Carving, Laclede — Vaca- 
tion. 

7 4. Basket Work — Patrick Henry — 
Vacation. 

75. Games — Patrick Henry — Vaca- 
tion. 

76. 

77. 

78. 

79. 

80. 

SI. 

82. 

83. 

84. 

85. 
Garfield. 

86. Hygiene Department, 
ing Throats — Patrick Henry. 

87. Reading — Eliot Evening. 

88. Arithmetic — Eliot Evening. 
Drawing — Central High — Even- 



Special School No. 1. 
Assembly Talk — Gallaudet. 
Geography — Gallaudet. 
Cooking Class — Industrial. 
Kindergarten — Banneker. 
Calisthenics — L'Overture. 
Arithmetic — Banneker. 
Dismissal — Wyman. 
Recess — Oak Hill. 
Returning from Benton Park — 

Examin- 



89. 
ing. 

90. 

91. 
Carroll. 

92. Mckinley High 



Reading — L'Overture Evening. 
Foreigners — Evening School — 



115 



93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 

97. 
High. 

98. 
High. 

99. 
100. 
101. 
102. 
103. 



Yeatman High. 
Soldan High. 
Soldan High. 
Sumnen High. 
Commercial Room 

Typewriting Room — 



Central 



McKinley 



Biology. — McKinley High. 
Conservatory — McKinley High. 
Cooking — McKinley High. 
Ironing — Yeatman High. 
Art Room — McKinley High. 



104. 

105. 
High. 

106. 
High. 

107. 

10S. 

109. 

110. 

111. 

112. 
lege. 



Metal Work — Yeatman High. 
Girls Gymnasium — McKinley 

High Hurdle Race — Central 

Lunch Room — Yeatman High. 
Machine Shop — Sumner High. 
Cooking — Sumner High. 
Teachers College. 
Teachers College — Entrance. 
Critique Room — Teachers Col- 



LESSON 1615. 
A TRIP FROM SAN FRANCISCO TO ST. LOUIS. 



1. Map of United States (To Lo- 
cate Places to be Visited). 

2. Cal., San Francisco. Panorama. 

Cal., San Francisco. Panorama. 

Cal., San Francisco. Falace Hotel. 

Cal., San Francisco. Seal Rock. 

Cal., San Francisco. Chinese 



3. 

4. 
5. 
6. 

Quarter. 
7. Cal. 



Interior of 



San Francisco. 
Joss House. 

S. Cal., Sacramento. Fanorama. 
Cal., Sacramento. State Capitol. 
Cal., Yosemite Valley. View from 
Inspiration Point. Mountains in Dis- 
tance. 

Cal., Yosemite Valley. Yosemite 



9. 

10. 



11. 
Falls. 

12. 
Rock. 

13. Cal., Mirror Lake. Mountains and 
Reflection in Water. 

14. Cal., Mariposa Grove. Gigantic 
Redwood Trees. 

15. Utah, Ogden. Pacific Railroad. 
Mountains in Distance. 

16. Utah, Salt Lake City. Fanorama. 
Salt Lake City. Moimon 



Cal., Yosemite Valley. Sentinel 



17. Utah, 
Tabernacle. 

18. Utah, 
Temple. 



19. Wyo., Yellowstone Park. Yellow- 
stone Falls. 

20. Wyo., Yellowstone Park. Old 
Faithful Geyser. 

21. Wyo., Yellowstone Park. Bee 
Hive Geyser. 

22. Wyo., Yellowstone Park. Pulpit 
Terraces. 

22. Wyo., Indians Preparing for War 
Dance. 

2 4. Colo. Group of Utes. Wigwam. 

25. Colo. Indian, Uncivilized. 

26. Colo. Indian. Civilized. 

27. Mont. Cow Boys Branding Cattle. 

28. Mont. Northern Pacific Railroad. 
Steam Snow Plow on High Trestle. 

29. Colo., Denver. Panorama. 

30. Colo., Platte Canon. Irrigating 
Ditch. Railroad Tracks. 

31. Neb., Omaha. Panorama. Mis- 
souri River in Distance. 

32. Mo., St. Louis. Panorama. River 
in Distance, Corner of 4 th and Market 
St. in Foreground. 

33. Family of Seals. 

3 1. Map of United States, showing 
I "in it Districts. 

35. Mount Shasta from Northwest. 



Salt Lake City. Mormon 



1. 

2. 

Peak. 

3. 

4. 
Slope. 
5. 



LESSON 1616. 



A TRIP THROUGH COLORADO. 



Top of Pike's Peak. 

Near Halfway House — Pike's 

Manitou. 

A Ledge of Hard Rock. — Talus 

Burro Trail on Talus Slope. 



6. Williams Canyon. — The Narrows. 

7. Stage Coach on Mountain Road. 

8. Seal and Bear Rock — Worn by 
Windblown Sand. 

9. Vertical Strata. 

10. Horizontal and Tilted Strata. 

11. Lava Blocks. 



116 



12. Mountain Ranges. 

13. Mountains. 

14. A Granite Chasm — (Water Cut.) 

15. Seven Falls — South Cheyenne 
Canyon. (Water cutting- Granite.) 

16. Grand River — Colorado — Irrigat- 
ing Wheel. 

17. Grand River, Colorado. Irrigat- 
ing Wheel, Near View. 



IS. Mine Dump — Cripple Creek. 

19. Mouth of a Mine — Cripple Creek. 

20. Capped Rocks — Worn by Wind- 
blown Sand. 

21. Mineral Palace — Pueblo, Colo. 
An Arroyo near Pueblo. 
Balance Rock — Garden of the 



22. 

23. 

Gods 

24. 



Gateway — Garden of the Gods. 



LESSON 1617. 
SALT LAKE AND WESTERN TRIP. 



1. 


Salt 


2. 


Salt 


3. 


Salt 


4. 


Salt 


5. 


Salt 


6. 


Salt 


7. 


Salt 


8. 


Cliff 


9. 


Cliff 


0. 


Cliff 


1. 


Rio 


3. 


Rio 



Lake City. Court House. 13. 

Lake City. Temple. 14. 

Lake City. Tabernacle. 15. 

Lake City. Eagle Gate. 16. 

Lake City. Beehive. 17. 

Lake City. Bear and Man. 18. 

Lake City Bear alone. 1!). 

Dweller's Canon, Entrance. 20. 

Dweller's Canon, Entrance. 21. 

Dwelling. 22. 

Grande — R. R. — Needles. 23. 

Grande. Royal Gorge. 2 1. 



Rio Grande. Royal Gorge. 

Flagstaff. Team. 

Washington. Wood and Creek. 

Washington. Hotel. 

Washington. Ferns. 

Banff — Bow River. 

Banff^Bow River. 

Banff — Bow River Falls. 

Banff Hotel. 

Banff — Church. 

Banff — Church. 

Banff — Mountain — Evening. 



1. San Francisco — Court House. 

2. San Francisco — Leland Stanford 
House. 

3. San Francisco — Typical Dwelling. 

4. San Francisco-Chinatown Gam- 
bling Hell. 

5. San Francisco — Chinatown — 
Street Crossing. 

6. San Francisco— Chinatown — Res- 
taurant. 



LESSCN 1618. 
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 

7. San Francisco — Chinatown — Gro- 



cery. 

8. San Francisco — Beach. 

9. San Francisco — Children on 
Beach. 

10. San Francisco — Seal Rock. 

11. San Francisco — Cliff House and 
Beach. 



LESSON 1619. 
MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited.) Mexico. 

2. Orizaba. A Picturesque Street. 
One Story Houses with Projecting Tiled 
Roofs. 

3. City of Mexico. Market Day. 
Street Scene. Broad Brimmed Hats in 
Foreground for Sale. Women with 
Shawls on Their Heads. 

4. City of Mexico. Typical Resi- 
dence. Two Stories, Large Windows, 
Awnings. 

5. City of Mexico. Interior of a 
Spanish Residence of the Wealthy 



Class. Rich Hangings, Rugs, Glass Doors 
Opening on Veranda. 

6. City of Mexico. Plaza Guade- 
loupe. Avenue of Shade Trees. Fount- 
ain. 

7. City of Mexico. Promenaders in 
the Alameda. 

8. City of Mexico. Interior of Ca- 
thedral. Altar and Onyx Pulpit. 

9. City of Mexico. Aqueduct and 
Fountain Built by Cortez. Natives. 

10. City of Mexico. Aztec Calender 
Stone. 

11. City of Mexico. Natives on the 



117 



Chinampas or Floating Gardens. Pe- 
culiar Canoes. 

12. Maguey Plant. Peon Sucking 
Pulque. 

13. City of Mexico. A Pulque Shop. 

14. Chapultepec. Castle on Hill Top. 
Cattle Grazing. 

15. Cholula Aztec Pyramid. Church 
on Summit. Garden in Foreground. 

16. San Juan. Pyramid of the Sun. 
Overgrown with Vegetation. 

17. Pueblo. Panorama. Popocatepetl 
in Distance. 

18. Pueblo. Carved Front of a 
Church. 

19. Cordova. Coffee Burros Laden. 

20. Guanajuato. Grinding Silver Ore. 
Very Primitive Machinery. Horse Pulls 
Wheel Around in Circular Trough. 

21. Atoto. Typical Hacienda or Large 
Estate. Strongly Walled. Pulque Plants. 

22. Leon. Natives Plowing witli 
Oxen. 

23. Toluca. Indians, Boy with Baby 
on His Back Receiving Alms. Rude 
Dwelling made of Boards. 



2 4. City of Mexico. Chinampas or 
Floating Gardens. Native Hut. Walls 
Made of Rushes. Thatched Roof. Native 
Child. 

25. Yucatan. Tropical Scenery. Huts 
with Thatched Roofs. Bay in Distance. 

CENTRAL AMERICA. 

26. Honduras. Railway through Jun- 
gle. Hand Car. 

27. Costa Rica. Forest, Showing 
Ferns and Parasites. 

2S. Costa Rica. Native Women 
Grinding Meal with Large Stone. 

29. Costa Rica. Loading Bananas on 
Railroad Cars. Banana Forest in Ba< -i- 
ground. 

30. Panama. View on the Canal. 
Shelved Bank, Showing Successive 
Stages of Work. Machinery and Rail- 
road Track. Small Streams of Water. 

31. Panama. View of Completed Sec- 
tion of Canal, West of Colon. Boat, 
Broad Stream of Water. Palm Shaded 
Buildings of Ancon Hospital, Panama. 



LESSON 1620. 
WEST TNDIES. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited.) 

2. Cuba, Havana. Ship Entering 
Harbor. Punta and Morro Castle. 

3. Cuba, Havana. Cabanas Castle, 
Entrance to Harbor. 

4. Cuba, Havana. Cathedral. Exteri- 
or. 

5. Cuba, Havana. Captain General's 
Palace. View in Summer. 

6. Cuba, Havana. Building. Typical 
Cuban Architecture, Colonnade Style. 

7. Cuba, Havana. Columbus Me- 
morial Chapel. Donkey and Cart in 
Foreground. 

8. Cuba, Havana. Bull Ring. Ex- 
terior. 

9. Cuba, Havana. Avenue of Royal 
Palms. Botanical Gardens. 

10. Cuba. Covered Cart Drawn by 
Four Oxen. Native Driving. 

11. Cuba. A Sugar Factory on Plan- 
tation. Ox Carts. Large Smoke Stack 
and Sheds. 

12. Cuba. Tobacco Plantation. Men 
at Work in Fields. House with Thatch- 
ed Roof and Sides in Background. 

13. Cuba, Santiago. Tree under which 
Surrender Took Place. 



14. Cuba, Santiago. Wreck of Cer- 
vera's Fleet. "Oquendo" and "Maria 
Teresa" Burning on the Beach off San- 
tiago, July 3rd, 1898. 

15. Porto Rico, San Juan. Sea Wall. 
Buildings in Distance. 

16. Porto Rico, San Juan. Plaza and 
Municipal Building. 

17. Porto Rico, San Juan, Spanish 
Troops Evacuating San Juan. 

18. Barbados. Windmill. 

19. Martinique. A Street in St. 
Pierre. Natives. 

20. Martinique. Native Divers in 
Boats. Ships in the Distance. 

21. St. Croix. Palm Tree Crushed to 
Death Inside a Growing Fig Tree. 
Illustrates Luxuriance of Vegetation. 

22. Jamaica, St. Lucia. On the Coal 
Wharf. Ship Anchored at Wharf. Color- 
ed Natives. 

23. Jamaica On the Bog Walk Drive. 
Typical Scenery. Arched Bridge. 

24. Jamaica, Kingston. Road Through 
the Cacti. Natives. 

25. Jamaica, Kingston. Jerusalem 
Candle-stick Tree. 

26. Jamaica. Lily Pond. Palms in 
Background. Castle in Gardens. 



118 



LESSON 1621. 



HAWAII. 



1. Hula Girls with Drums. 

2. Hula Dancers at the King's Cor- 
onation. 

3. Hula Girls with Guitars. 

4. St. Louis College, Honolulu. 

5. Cocoa Palm Grove at Waikiki. 

6. Diamond Head. 

7. Warships in Honolulu Harbor. 
S. Choir of Leper Girls. 



9. Father Damien on his Deathbed. 

10. Aiguillo in las Valley. 

11. Cutting Sugar Cane. 

12. Field of Growing Cane. 

13. Interior of Boiling House of 
Sugar Mills. 

14. Waipio Falls, Hawaii. 

15. Lava Flow near Hilo. 

16. Hilanea Iki Volcano, Hawaii. 



LESS OX 1622. 



AMERICAN ARCT 
SEARCH FOR REMAINS 

1. The Franklin Search Expedition. 
View in the Frozen North. 

2. Map. Region Explored. 

3. Adapting His Party to Eskimo 
Life. Sun. Low Houses of Ice. Sled 
Drawn by Dogs. 

I. Astonishing the Natives. Group 
of Eskimos Looking at Illustrated 
Newspaper. 

5. The Halt at Noon. Men and Dogs 
Resting. Provisions and Canoe Carried 
on Sleds. 

6. Down Hill. Loaded Sleds Sliding 
Down Hill, Men Guiding them with 
Sticks, Pack of Dogs, Unhitched, Run- 
ning. 

7. Hay's River, Big Bend. Open 
Polar Sea. Houses of Ice. Explorers' 
<';imp. Dogs. 

8. A Reindeer Hunt. Men in Canoes 
Pursuing Reindeer, Man Carrying 
Canoe. 

9. Catching Salmon at Salmon 
Creek. Men Spearing Fish. 

10. The Midnight Sun. Group of Ex- 



IC EXPEDITION. 

OF DR. JOHN FRANKLIN. 

plorers and Guides Near Houses, Men 
Crawling from their Houses. Sleds and 
Dogs. 

11. The Breaking up of the Ice. Man 
on Large Cake of Ice. 

12. A Summer View in the Arctic 
Region. Sparse Vegetation in Fore- 
ground. 

13. A Summer View. King William's 
Land. Sparse Vegetation. 

14. Finding the Grave of Lieut. 
Irving. Skeleton Unearthed. 

15. Monument of Stones Erected 
over Irving's Grave. 

16. View of Reindeer Camp. Skins 
Spread on Ground. Antlers on Top of 
Houses. 

17. Monument at Starvation Cove. A 
Rude Cross. 

18. Crossing Simpson's Strait. Men 
and Dogs on Canoes Fastened Side by 
Side. Auks on Ice in Distance. 

19. Burial of Lieut. Irving's Re- 
mains. After Return of the Explorers. 

20. Sir John Franklin's Monument. 



LESSON 1623. 
GREENLAND'S ICY MOUNTAINS, OR WHALING IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS 

Greenland. Church 



Typical 
Eskimo 
Caught 



Spread Caught 



1. Map of Arctic Region. 

2. Introductory. Nine 
Scenes in Greenland. Eskimos, 
Dogs, Young Polar Bear, Ship 
in Ice, etc. 

3. Ship with Sails 
in Young Ice. 

4. Ship Fast to Land Ice. Panorama 
of Arctic Sea. 

5. Dalrymple Rock. Promontory on 
Coast of Greenland. 

6. Upernevik, Northernmost Danish 



settlement in 
Houses. 

7. A visit from the Danish Govern- 
or and His Wife on Board Ship. Cap- 
tain of Whaling Expedition Standing 
near them. Machinery of Ship in Back- 
ground. 

8. Group of Eskimo Women and 
Children on Deck of Ship. 

9. Two Eskimos, Man and Woman, 
on Ship. 

10. "Kate Mackay,'' Epkimg Girl. 



119 



11. An Eskimo Encampment. Tents 
Made of Skins. 

12. An Omiak or Woman's Boat. 
Differs from Kyak or Man's Boat in 
Size and Capacity. 

13. Eagle's Nest in Icy Crag of 
Mountain^ Two Eggs in Nest. 

14. Harpoons. 

15. Spanning, Attaching Harpoon to 
Rope. 



16. Whale Landed. Group of Men. 
Mountains in Distance. 

17. Whale Bone Taken from Upper 
Jaw of Whale. Scene on Deck. 

18. Group on Deck. Whale's Lip 
Fastened to Mast. 

19. Ship in Melville Bay. Homeward 
Bound. 



LESSON 1624. 



SOUTH AMERICA. 



1. Map in Relief. Principal Natural 
Features, Rivers, Mountains, etc. 

2. Map. Locate Places to be Visit- 
ed. 

3. Brazil, Rio Janeiro. Statue of 
Dom Pedro I. 

4. Brazil, Santarem Chute for Sugar 
Cane. Natives Arranging Cane in Reg- 
ular Piles. 

5. Brazil. Banana Plantation. Farm 
House in Distance. 

6. Brazil. Houses on Amazon, 
Thatched Roof. Native Indians. Large 
Round Flat Trough in Foreground. 

7. Bolivia, Lake Titicaca. Pebbly 
Beach. Canoes. Andes Mountains in Dis- 
tance. 

8. Bolivia, La Paz. Municipal Pal- 
ace. Exterior. 

9. Bolivia. Indian Cart Drawn by 
Oxen Crossing the Mountains near La 
Paz. 

10. Bolivia, Tiahuanuco. Ruin of an 
Inca Palace. Massive Masonry. Native 
Woman on Left. 

11. Argentine Republic. Pampas. 
Mountains in the Distance. 

12. Argentine Republic, 
Ayres. Government Building. 
Street Torn up in Foreground. 

13. Argentine Republic, 
Ayres. Milk Carrier Mounted on Horse. 
One Story Shops in Background with 
Signs in Spanish. 



Buenos 
Exterior. 



Buenos 



1 4. Chile. The High Andes. Grand 
View. Patches of Snow. 

15. Chile. Andes Mountains. Glaciers. 

16. Chile, Santiago. View in Park. 
Tropical Foliage. Lake. Bridge. 

17. Chile, Santiago, Cathedral, Inte- 
rior. Beautiful Slender Columns. Altar. 

18. Peru, Lima. Cathedral from the 
Plaza. 

19. Peru, Lima. Statue of Bolivar. 
Park Grounds. 

20. Peru, Puno. Carnival Time. In- 
dians with Llamas. Offering Wares for 
Sale. Beautiful Building with Arched 
Colonnade in Background. 

21. Peru. Group of Llamas Resting. 
Stables on Right. Mountains in Dis- 
tance. 

22. Ecuador. Mount Chimborazo, 
Snow-covered. 

23. Ecuador. Cordilleras. Tropical 
Forest. 

2 4. Ecuador, Bodegas. Washerwomen 
Washing on Bank of Stream. Long One 
Story Building on Top of Bank. 

25. Ecuador. Native Funeral Proces- 
sion. Priest and Acolytes. Mourners. 
Pall Bearers. 

26. U. S. of Columbia. Bamboo Hotel. 
Exterior. Donkey Dragging Bamboo 
Poles. 

27. Dutch Guiana. Creole Girl. Elab- 
orate Head Dress. Jewelry. Embroider- 
ed Robe. Negro Type. 



LESSON 1625. 
A TRIP TO EUROPE. No. 1. 



1. Map of Europe. (To Locate 
Places to be Visited.) 

2. Sunset on the Atlantic. Mid- 
ocean. Bowsprit of Steamer on Right 

3. Ireland. Giant's Causeway. Ba- 



saltic Columns. Mountains and Cottage 
in Distance. 

4. Ireland. Blarney Castle. 

5. Scotland, Staffa. Fingal's Cave. 

6. Scotland. Stirling Castle. 



120 



7. England, London Tower. River 
Thames in Foreground. Boats ana 
Barges. 

8. England. Houses of Parliament. 
Thames River in Foreground. 

9. England. Westminster Abbey 
from North, Showing Rear and Side. 

10. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited). 

11. France. Panorama of Paris, Seine 
River Crossed by Seven Bridges. Eiffel 
Tower in Distance. Louvre and Quay in 
Foreground. 

1 2. France, Paris. Cathedral of Notre 
Dame, Rear and South Side. Seine River 
in Foreground. 

13. France, Paris. Hotel des Inval- 
ided Exterior. 

11. France, Paris. Hotel des Inval- 
ided, Interior. Tomb of Nappleon I. 

15. France, Paris. Arc de Triomphe. 

16. Switzerland. Lake Geneva. Castle 
of Chillon. 

17. Belgium, Brussels. Hotel de 
Viile. (Town Hall.) 

18. Holland, Rotterdam. Windmill on 
the Canal. 

19. Holland. A North Holland Dog 
Cart. 



20. Germany. The Rhine. Cathedral 
of Cologne, from South. 

21. Germany. The Rhine. Oberwesel. 
Schonburg Castle. 

22. Germany, Nuremberg. Old Houses 
on the Pegnitz River. 

23. Germany, Berlin. Enter den Lin- 
den Strasse. Statue of Frederick the 
Great. Royal Talace on Left. Arsenal 
on Right. 

24. Denmark, Copenhagen. Public 
Square. Royal Theater. 

25. Sweden, Stockholm. Panorama. 
Quay. 

26. Russia, Finland. Hut and Peas- 
ants. 

27. Russia, St. Petersburg. Winter 
Palace. Admiralty Place. 

28. Austria, Vienna. Panorama. St. 
Stephen's Cathedral. 

29. Italy, Venice. Panorama. Doge's 
Palace. Domes and Campanile of St. 
Mark's Church. Grand Canal. 

30. Italy, Florence. Panorama. Ca- 
thedral and Giotto's Tower. Santa Croce 
on Right. Arno River in Foreground. 

31. Italy, Rome. St. Peter's and the 
Vatican. Exterior. Obelisk. Fountain 
Playing. 



1. Niagara Falls. 

2. Among the Thousand Islands, St. 
Lawrence River. 

3. Quebec, Canada. 

4. One of the Large Ocean Liners. 

5. The Approach to Glasgow (moon- 
light.) 

6. The Falls of [nversnaid, Scot- 
land. 

7. Scott's Monument. Edinburg. 
Scotland. 

8. Stranaheler Hotel. Scotland. 

9. Church where the Remains of 
Shakespeare are Buried. Stratford. 

10. Castle Warwick — from Old 
Bridge, Stratford, England. 

11. Castle Warwick — Close View- 
England. 

12. Typical Street Scene — Stores and 
Houses of Chester, England. 

13. Interior of Old Cathedral, Ches- 
ter, England. 

14. Westminster Abbey, London. 

15. Albert Music Hall, London. 

16. Opera House — Brussels, Belgium. 

17. View of Cologne, Germany. 

18. Cathedral of Cologne, Germany. 

19. Excursion Boat on the Rhine. 

20. Castle Drachenfels, on the Rhine. 
Property of the King of Sweden. 



LESSON 1626. 
A TRIP TO EUROPE. No. 2. 

21. Lorelei Height, on the Rhine. 



2:2. Dog-cart on the Street of Mains 
— Germany. 

23. View from Pier at Zurich — Swit- 
zerland. 

24. Quaint Street of Zurich, Swit- 
zerland. 

25. Unrestored Tower of the Schloss 
at Heidelberg, Germany. 

26. Part of the old Schloss at Heidel- 
berg Rebuilt, Germany. 

27. Mountains Viewed from Lake 
Lucerne. 

28. Hotel near Railway Station, 
Lucerne. 

29. Tunnel on Railway to Lausanne. 

30. Swiss Hotel at base of Swiss 
Mountains. 

31. Waterfall at Thunersee, Inter- 
laken, Switzerland. 

32. Grand Opera Building and Art 
Museum. Geneva. 

33. Rousseau's Island, Geneva. 

3 4. Lake Scene with Sailboats, 
Geneva. 

35. Typical Avenue of Paris, France. 

36. Paris Opera House, France. 

37. Eiffel Tower — view from Troco- 
dero Hotel, .Paris. 

38. River Seine. Paris, France. 



121 



LESSON 1627. 



ENGLAND AND WALES. No 1. 



1. Cornwall. "Armed Knights." 
(Rocks.) Land's End. 

2. Liverpool. The Docks. Tug in 
Foreground. Warehouses, Wharf, Ships 
in Distance. 

3. Black Friar's Bridge. 

4. London — Omnibus. 

5. London — Tower of London. 

6. Tower of London. 

7. London. Houses of Parliament. 
Exterior. Thames River in Foreground. 

8. London. House of Commons. In- 
terior. From Gallery Looking towards 
Speaker's Chair. 

9. London. Westminster Abbey. 

10. London. Westminster Abbey. In- 
terior. Nave. Choir Screen. 

11. London. St. Pauls. Interior. 

12. York. Minster, Interior. 

13. London Horse Guards. 



14. London. A University Boat Race 
on the Thames. Bridge Crowded with 
People. 

15. Warwick Castle. River Front and 
Mill in Foreground. 

16. Oxford. High Street. University 
College on Left. All Soul's College on 
Right. Beyond Latter is St. Mary's 
Church. In the Distance, All Saints 
Church. 

17. Durham Cathedral from Op- 
posite Bank, Winter. 

18. Stratford-on-Avon. Shakespeare's 
House on Left. 

19. Mount Snowdon. Lake in Fore- 
ground. 

20. Old Welsh Woman Taking Her 
Afternoon Tea Out of Doors. Pictur- 
esque Costume. High Hat. 



LESSON 1628. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. No. 2. 



1. Liverpool Shipping. 

2. Southampton. Landing Freight. 

3. London Bridge. Monument in 
Commemoration of Great Fire in Dis- 
tance. 

4. London. A London Omnibus 
Loaded. 

5. London. Tower of London. In- 
scriptions in Beauchamp Tower. 

6. Houses of Parliament. 

7. London. House of Peers. In- 
terior. From Gallery Looking towards 
Speaker's Chair (Woolsack.) Paintings. 

8. London. Trafalgar Square from 
National Gallery. Nelson Monument. 
Clock Tower of Houses of Parliament 
in Distance. 

9. London. "Westminster Abbey. Ex- 
terior. Front and Side. 



10. London. St. Paul's Cathedral. 
Houses in Foreground. 

11. Canterbury Cathedral. Interior. 

12. London. Hyde Park in Season. 
Pedestrians. Carriages. Houses in Dis- 
tance. 

13. London. Mounting Guard. 

14. Windsor Castle. Thames River in 
Foreground. Row Boats. 

15. Kenilworth Castle from Bridge. 
Ivy Covered Ruins. 

16. Tintern Abbey. Ivy Covered 
Ruins. 

17. Brighton. On the Beach. People 
Lounging. Sail Boats. Bath Houses on 
Wheels. 

18. Salisbury Plain. Wiltshire. Stone- 
henge. Druidical Stones. 

19. Conway Castle, from South. 



LESSON 1629. 
SCOTLAND AND IRELAND. 



IRELAND. 

1. Map of Ireland (To Locate Places 
to be Visited). 

2. Cork. South Mall. Street with 
Buildings. 

3. Killarney. Upper Lake from Ken- 
mare Road. 



4. New Ross Co. Cattle Fair. Vil- 
lage Street. 

5. Killarney Co. Piling Peat. 

6. Tipperary. A 'Small Holding." 
Small Stone House with Thatched 
Roof. 



122 



7. Donegal Co. Woman Washing by 
the River. Typical Scenery. 

8. Dublin. O'Connel (Sackville) 
Street. Monument to O'Connell, beyond 
Latter is Monument to Sir John Gray 
and Nelson Column. Building with Col- 
onnade in front is the Post office. 

9. Queenstown. Jaunting Car. Build- 
ings in Background. 

10. Belfast. Hand-loom. Used in 
Manufacture of Linen. 

11. Giant's Causeway. Peasant Wom- 
an Sitting on Rock Called "The Wishing 
Chair." Hexagonal Formation of Rocks. 

SCOTLAND. 

12. Map of Scotland. (Locate Places 
to be Visited.) 

13. Glasgow. The University. Lake 
and Trees in Foreground. 

14. Melrose Abbey. Ruins. Tomb- 
stones with Inscriptions in Foreground. 

15. Edinburgh Castle from Grass- 
market Castle on Highland. Shops Be- 
low. 



16. Abbotsford. Garden Front. Home 
of Sir Walter Scott. 

17. Ayr, Alloway. Burns' Cottage. 
IS. Loch Lomond. Mountains in Dis- 
tance. 

19. Trossachs. Stone Cottages with 
Thatched Roofs. 

20. Kitchen of Highland Cottage. 
Fire-place, Cupboard, etc. 

21. Highlanders Dancing in Costume. 

22. An Aberdeen Fishwife. 

23. Hebrides Islands. Skye Crofter, 
('.rinding Corn. Rude Stone Huts 
Thatched. 

24. Hebrides Islands. Skye Crofter 
Planting Potatoes. Village in Distance. 

25. Inversnaid Falls. Bridge over 
Falls. 

26. Argyleshire. Castle Stalker. 
Beautiful Cloud Effect. 

27. Island of Staffa. Fingal's Cave. 



LESSON 1630. 
SPAIN AND PORTUGAL. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited.) 

PORTUGAL. 

2. General View of Lisbon and Har- 
bor. 

3. Cintra. Castle of Pegna. 

4. Belem. (Jourt of the Cloister. 
Garden and Richly Carved Arches and 
Columns. 

5. Cintra. Moorish Castle Ruins. 

SPAIN. 

6. Cadiz. The Harbor. View of City. 

7. Rock of Gibraltar from the 
North. Neutral Ground. 

8. Gibraltar from Old Mole. Cannon 
in Foreground. 

9. Gibraltar. The Signal Station. 
Talus. 

10. Ceuta, from the Signal Station. 

11. Granada. Panorama of The Al- 
hambra and its Gardens. 

12. Granada. The Alhambra. Interior 
Hall of Ambassadors. 

13. Granada. The Alhambra. Foun- 
tain and Court of Lions. 

14. Granada. Tomb of Ferdinand and 
Isabella. 



15. Granada. Gipsy Prince. 

16. Seville. General View of the 
Cathedral. Tower of Giralda. 

17. Seville. Alcazar Interior. Hall of 
Repose. Arabesques on Wall. Beautiful 
Arches. 

18. Seville. Procession in Holy 
Week. 

19. Cordova. Cathedral. Interior of 
Choir. 

20. Old Moorish House. Interior. 
Courtyard. Fountain in Center. Moorish 
Arches. 

21. Farming Steam Harvesting Ma- 
chine. Hay Wagon Drawn by Oxen. 
Water Cart and Donkey, Peasants. 

22. Madrid. Royal Palace. Exterior. 

23. Madrid. Art Museum. Exterior. 

24. Palace of the Escurial. Exterior. 

25. Palace of the Escurial. Interior. 
Mall of Battles. 

26. Interior of Bull Ring. Bull 
Fight. 

27. Seville. Bull Fighters in Cos- 
tume. 

2S. Destruction of Cervera's Fleet. 



123 



LESSON 1631. 
FRANCE. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited). 

2. Harbor of Dieppe. Sail and Row 
Boats. 

3. Rouen. The Quay. Principal 
Churches in Distance. 

4. Rouen. Large Clock. 

5. Paris. Place de la Concorde. Obe- 
lisk in Center. The Madeleine in Dis- 
tance. 

6. Paris. Church of the Madeleine. 
Front and Side. 

7. Paris. Cathedral of Notre Dame. 
Facade. 

8. Paris. Cathedral of Notre Dame. 
Interior from Choir. Carved Wood Choir 
Stalls. 

9. Paris. The Louvre. Exterior. 

10. Paris. The Louvre. Gallery of 
Apollo. Interior. 

11. Paris. The Louvre. Grand Gal- 
lery. Artist's Easels. 

12. Paris. Palace of the Trocadero 
from E. Bridge. Soldiers Marching in 
Foreground. 

13. Paris. The Conciergerie. Interior. 
Prison of Marie Antoinette. Altar. 

14. Paris. Cemetery of Picpus. Tomb 
of Lafayette. U. S. Flag Floating over 
It. 

15. Paris. Flower Market. Among 
the Roses. 

16. Versailles. The Palace. Hall of 
Battles. Interior. 



17. Versailles. The Palace. West Side 
of Royal Court. 

18. Mont St. Michel and Abbey from 
Southeast. 

19. Mont St. Michel. Outer Gateway. 

20. Domremy. Home of Joan of Arc. 
Exterior. 

21. Castle of Pierrefonds, near the 
Lake. 

22. Trouville. On the Sand. Bath- 
houses on Wheels, Tents, Awnings, etc. 

23. Grasse. Fish Market. Narrow 
Street with Buildings. 

24. Grasse. Carnival Procession. Dec- 
orated Wagons. 

25. Guibray. Horse Fair. Village 
Church in Distance. 

26. Nice. Washing Clothes on the 
Banks of the Paillon. Quay. Bridge. 
Buildings. 

27. Monaco. Casino of Monte Carlo. 
Avenue of Palms. Flower Beds. 

28. Lyons. Place Bellecour. Church 
in Distance on Height. 

29. Marseilles. Panorama. Harbor. 

30. French Africa. Algiers from the 
Admiralty. 

31. French Africa, Algeria. Arab 
Chief and Tribesman. 

32. French Africa. Algiers. Native 
Soldier. 

33. Church of the Invalides. Exterior. 
3 4. Tomb of Napoleon. Invalides, 

Faris. 

35. Cathedal of Notre Dame — Paris. 



LESSON 1632. 



PARIS— FRANCE. 



1. 


Paris. 


2. 


Paris. 


corde. 




3. 


Paris. 


4. 


Paris. 


5. 


Paris 


6. 


Paris. 


7. 


Paris. 


8. 


Paris. 


Medici. 


9. 


Paris. 


10. 


Paris 


11. 


Paris. 



View from Seven Bridges. 

Exposition. Place Con- 
Luxemburg Palace. 
Palais de Justice. 
Omnibus. 
Porte S. Martin. 
Trocadero. 

Fountain of Katherine 

Art Palace. 

Exposition. Art Palace. 

Eiffel Tower. 



12. 
North 

13. 
South 

14. 

15. 

16. 
House. 

17. Paris, 
rine Exhibit 

IS. Paris, 
hibit 



Paris. View from Eiffel Tower, 
Paris. View from Eiffel Tower, 



Paris. 
Paris 
Paris 



Swiss Restaurant. 
Exposition. Chateau d'Eau. 
Exposition. Tunis Coffee 

Entrance to German Ma- 
Entrance to Forestry Ex- 



124 



LESSON 1633. 



GERM 

1. Map. (To Locate Place to be 
Visited.) 

2. Hamburg. Docks. River Elbe In 
Foreground. Boats. Buildings. 

3. Hamburg. Fish Market. Buildings 
in Distance. 

4. Berlin. Royal Palace. Statue of 
the Great Prince Elector (by Schluter) 
in the Foreground. 

5. Berlin. Royal Theater. Garden. 
Fountain in Foreground. 

6. Berlin. (Reichstag) House of 
Representatives. Front View with 
Shrubbery and Fountain. 

7. Berlin. The Cathedral. Street 
Scene. 

8. Berlin. Farade of a Regiment of 
Lancers. 

9. Sculpture Group — Exchange 
Building, Berlin. 

10. Neptune's Fountain — Berlin. 

1 1. Gadeustedt's House — Berlin. 

12. Leipsic. University and Library 
Exterior. 

13. Eisenach. Wartburg Castle. For- 
est in Foreground. 

14. Dresden. View up the Elbe. Cul- 
tivated Banks. Bluffs Beyond. 

15. Dresden. Old Market Place. 
Church. Statue in Foreground. 

16. Halberstadt. Curious Old Houses. 
Steep Tiled Roofs. Projecting Upper 
Stories. 



ANY 

17. Nuremberg. Fountain of the Ar- 
mored Man. 

18. Munich. The State House. Exteri- 
or. Gothic Style. 

19. Bavarian Fisherman's Cottage. 
Exterior. Dip Nets Hanging up. Plants 
in Windows. 

20. Bavarian Peasant Woman. Lake 
and Mountains in Background. Barges. 

21. Oberammergau. Village. Mount- 
ains in Background. 

22. Oberammergau. Tourists Proceed- 
ing to Theater to Witness Passion Play. 

23. Oberammergau. Scene from Pas- 
sion Play. "The Crowning with Thorns." 

2 4. Strassburg. 

25. Strassburg. Storks and Nest. Nest 
Built on Top of Chimney. Steep Roofed 
Houses. 

26. Worms. The Cathedral. Exterior. 

27. Heidelberg. Panorama. Castle of 
Heidelberg and Surrounding Forest. 

28. Heidelberg. 

29. Bingen. Village on Rhine River. 
Opposite Bank Covered with Vineyards. 

30. The Nierderwald Denkmal. Na- 
tional Monument on the Rhine opposite 
Bingen. 

31. Castle of Rheinstein on the 
1 Hi i ne Mountains opposite. 

32. City Hall — Lubeck. 

33. Leibnitz Haus — Hanovei 

3 4. Old German Home— Hildesheim. 
35. Elms. 



LESSON 1634. 
NORTH CENTRAL GERMANY. 



1. Berlin. Brandenburg Gate. 

2. Berlin. Mausoleum of Queen 
Louise. 

3. Berlin. Statue of Queen Louise. 

4. Berlin. Statue of Goethe. 

5. Berlin. Statue of Schiller. 

6. Kissingen. Public Garden. 

7. Kissingen. Bodenlinden and 
Tree. 

8. Kissingen. Calvary Mountain. 
9./ Kissingen. Statue Louis I. 

10. Kissingen. Church. 

11. Kissingen. Scale and Steamer. 



12. Germany. Eisenach, Gate and 
Tower. 

13. Eisenach. Ducal Palace. 

14. Eisenach. Luther's House. 

15. Germany. Wartburg. 

16. Germany. Niederwajd Monu- 
ment. 

17. Heidelberg. Heinrichsbau. 

18. Heidelberg. Heinrichsbau and 
Column. 

lft. Heidelberg. Friedrichsbau. 

20. Cologne. General View. 

21. Cologne. Cathedral from River. 

22. Cologne. Architectural Detail. 



125 



LESSON 1635. 



SOUTH CENTRAL GERMANY. 



1. 


Frankfor! 


er Tower. 


2. 


Frankfort 


3. 


Frankfort 


and 1' 


'ountain. 


4. 


Frankfort 


Tower 




5. 


Frankfort 


6. 


Frankfort 


Churc 


h. 


7. 


Frankfort 


8. 


Frankfort 


9. 


Frankfort 


10. 


Frankfort 


11. 


Frankfort 



am Main. Eschenheira- 

a M. Eschenh. Warte. 
a M. Kaiserstrasse 

a M. Esehenheimer 

a M. Roemer. 
a M. Leonhards 

a M. Liebfrauenberg. 

a M. Leonhards Tower. 

a M. Theatre. 

a M. Goethe Statue. 

a M. House 39 



Esehenheimer St. 



1i'. Nuremberg. 
cations. 

13. Nuremberg. 

14. Nuremberg. 

fortifications. 

ir>. Nuremberg. 
merit 

16. Nuremberg'. 

17. Nuremberg. 
House. 

15. Nuremberg. 

19. Nuremberg. 

20. Darmstadt. 

21. Darmstadt. 

22. Darmstadt. 



LESSON 1636. 
SOUTHERN GERMANY. 



Tower and Fortifl- 



Round 
Old 



Tower. 
House 



and 



Hans Sachs Mmui- 

Bridge and Pognitz. 
Modern Large 

Synagogue. 

Church. 
White Tower. 
Ludwig's Monument. 

Soldiers' Monument. 



Square. 

Europa Fountain. 
Picture Gallery — Pin- 
Sculpture Gallery — Cly- 



1. Munich. 

2. Munich. 

3. Munich, 
akethek. 

4. Munich, 
tethek. 

• 5. Munich. Fountain. 

6. Garmisch. Partnach Klamm. 

7. Garmisch. Church and Street. 

8. Garmisch. Badersee. 

9. Lake Constance. Council Hall. 

10. Lake Constance. Linden View 
from Lake. 

11. Munich. Square. 



I I 



12. Munich. Ludwig*s Church. 

13. Munich. Woodchopping. 

14. Munich. Town Hall. 

15. Munich. Statue of Bavaria. 

16. Munich. Monument Maximillian 

17. Garmisch. Fountain. > 
IS. Lindau. Gate and Tower. 

19. Lake Constance. Church. 

20. Oberammergau. Theatre. 

21. Oberammergau. Crown of Thorns. 

22. Oberammergau. Crucifixion. 

23. Strassburg. Imperial Palace. ■ 

24. Strassburg. Guttenberg's House. 



LESSON 1637. 
AUSTRIA. 



1. Vienna. Paliament Building. 

2. Vienna. Culture Museum. 

3. Vienna. Franz Joseph Fountain 
and Monument. 

4. Vienna. Statue in Hofburg. 

5. Vienna. Statue Maria Theresa. 

6. Salzburg. House, Swiss Style. 

7. Salzburg. Statue of Mozart. 
S. Salzburg — from River. 



9. Salzburg. Fountain. 

10. Tirol. Bluman Station. 

11. Tirol. Ims House. 

12 Tirol. Castle Fernestein. 

13. Tirol. Fountain on Road Side. 

14. Tirol. Innsbruck Market. 

15. Tirol. Innsbruck, Golden Dachel. 

16. Tirol. Innsbruck Hotels from 
R. R. Station. 



126 



LESSON 1638. 



SWITZERLAN I > No. 1. 



1. Schaffhausen. Falls of Rhine 
and Boats. 

2. Schaffhausen. 
Schaffhausen. Showing Bridge. 
Schaffhausen. Fountain and 



3. 
4. 
Street 

5. 
6. 

7. 



Brienz. 

Luzern. Distant View. 

Interlaken. Old House near Aar. 

8. Switzerland. "Schinige Platte." 

9. Jungfrau. From Hotel Jungfrau, 
Wengernalp. . 

10. Jungfrau. From Kl. Scheidegg. 

11. Luzern. Lion. 



Rest at Trelechant. 
Breithorn from 



Resa near 



12. Jungfrau and Pavilion from 
M uerren. 

13. Switzerland. 

14. Switzerland. 
Gornergrat. 

15. Switzerland. Mente 
Lyskam from Gornergrat. 

16. Switzerland. Treumelbach Falls. 
Street in Chamonix. 
Chamonix Church. 
Aiguille. 
Mer de Glace . and 

Mer de Glace. 
Mer de Glace. 



17. 


Switzerland. 


IV 


Switzerland. 


lit. 


Switzerland. 


20. 


Switzerland. 


igui 


lie. 


21. 


Switzerland. 


22. 


Switzerland. 



LESSON 1639. 



.A TRIP THROUGH SWITZERLAND.— Xo. 2. 



1. Map of Switzerland. 

2. Train Leaving Witznau. 

3. Train Traversing Bridge. 

4. Castle of Chillon — Lake Geneva. 

5. First Peep at Mont Blanc. 

6. Chamaunix and Mont Brevant. 

7. Xermatt and Matterhorn. 

8. Mer de Glace — From the Flegere. 

9. Mer de Glace. 

10. Mer de Glace. 

11. Lucerne — (Church of the Court.) 

12. Lucerne and Pilatus. 

13. Lake of Lucerne-=-Tell's Chapel. 

14. Lake of Lucerne — The Axen- 
strasse. 

15. Interlaken — View at the Rugeu. 

16. Interlaken — Hotel Beau Rivage. 



17. Dome de Goutez — Glacier des 
Bossous. 

18. Stalactites — Glacier du Rhone. 

19. Lausanne — Castle and Cathe- 
dral. 

20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
2 1. 
2.".. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 



Basel— The Upper Bridge. 

Basel- Cathe Iral. 

Grindelwald — The Matterhorn. 

View at Murren. 

St. Gotthard — Devil's Bridge. 

Kospice St. Bernard. 

Rosenhain. 

Swiss Village. 

Melting Glaciers. 

The Staubbach Fall — Lauter- 



brunn — Switzerland. 



LESSON 1640. 



ITALY. 



1. Map of Italy. (To Locate Places 
to be Visited. 

2. Naples. Panorama and Bay. Mt. 
Vesuvius in Distance. Castle Ovo. 

3. Vesuvius in Eruption (1872.) 

4. Pompeii. General View of Forum 
Mt. Vesuvius in Background. 

5. Diana Marina. Earthquake Ef- 
fects. Houses in Ruins. Donkey and 
Rider. 

6. 
7. 



Naples. A Back Street Beauty. 
Capri. Interior of Blue Grotto, 



Looking Out. 



8. Rome. View from the French 
Academy. St. Peter's and Castle of St. 
A.ngelo in Distance. 

9. Rome. St. Peter's, The Piazza, 
Colonnade, and Vatican Palace. 

10. Rome. Interior of St. Peter's. 

11. Rome. The Vatican. Gallery of 
the Candelabra. 

12. Rome. The Forum from the 
Capitoline. Hill, Looking towards Arch 
of Titus. Temple of Saturn on Left. 
Basilica Julia. Temple of Castor and 
Pollux Coliseum in Distance. 



127 



13. Arch of Constantine and Col- 
iseum. Meta Sudans or Gladiator's 
Fountain on Right. 

14. Rome. Interior of Coliseum. 

15. Rome. Catacombs. Niches and 
Sarcophagi. 

16. Florence. Panorama from Piazza 
Michael Angelo. Arno River in Fore- 
ground. Cathedral, Giotto's Tower, 
Palazzo Vecchio, San Lorenzo in Dis- 
tance. 

17. Florence. Exterior of Baptistery. 
Gates of Ghiberti. 

18. Florence. Baptistery. Ghiberti's 
Gates. Near View Showing Detail. 

19. Florence. Palazzo Vecchio. Loggia 
di Lanzi on Right. Fountain of Nep- 
tune on Left. 

20. Florence. Exterior of Church of 
Santa Croce. Statue of Dante on Left. 

21. Florence. Peasants. Ox Cart. 



22. Fiesole. Girl Making Straw 
Braid at Ten Cents a Day. Simple 
Hand Loom. 

23. Pisa. Leaning Tower. (Bell 
Tower.) Corner of Cathedral on Left. 

24. Padua. "University. Street Scene. 
Italian Signs over Shops. 

25. Venice. Grand Canal. Gondola. 
Doges' Palace. Campanile of St. Mark's 
Church. 

26. Venice. St. Mark's from the 
Piazza. Colonnade with Shops on Left. 

27. Venice. House of Desdemona. 
Grand Canal. 

28. Venice. Lemonade Seller. Canal. 
Gondolas. Small Steamer. 

29. Milan. Cathedral. Front and 
South Side. 

30. Lake Como, Lavendo and Island 
of Comacina. Mountains in Distance. 

31. Cathedral at Milan. 



LESSON 1641. 
MILAN— VERONA— NAPLES— FLORENCE— ITALY. 



1. 


Milan. 


2. 


Milan. 


3. 


Milan. 


4. 


Milan. 


5. 


Milan ! 


6. 


Milan. 


7. 


Verona. 


8. 


Verona. 


9. 


Verona. 


10. 


Verona. 


11. 


Verona. 


12. 


Verona. 



Cathedral. 13. 

Cathedral, Detail. 14. 

Cathedral. Interior. 15. 

Arcades. 16. 

Statue of Victor Emanuel. 17. 

Leonardo da Vinci. 18. 

. General View. 19. 

. Market Place. 20. 

Ancient Gate. 21. 

. Church Yard. 22. 

. Arcades on Square. 23. 

. Tomb of the Scaligera. 24. 



Verona. Entrance to Church. 
Verona. Tomb of Saint. 
Verona. Monument of Dante. 
Naples. Bay near Portici. 
Naples. Bay and Bathers. 
Naples. Palms. 
Naples. Palms in Park. 
Naples. Square of the Martyrs. 
Naples. Square near Park. 
Florence. Arcades. 
Florence. Church of San Marco. 
Florence. Bridge. 



LESSON 1642. 



VENICE— ITALY. 



1. Venice. 

2. Venice. 

3. Venice. 

4. Venice 

5. Venice. 

6. Venice. 

7. Venice. 
umn of St. M 

8. Venice. 

9. Venice. 

10. Venice. 

11. Venice. 
Side. 



Grand Canal. 
Bridge of Sighs. 
St. Aiark's Bell Tower. 
St. Mark's. Interior. 
St. Mark's, Side View. 
St. Mark's. 

Royal Palace and Col- 
ark. 
St. Salute and Gondolier. 
Grand Canal. 
Corner of Doge's Palace. 
Doge's Palace — Piazetta 



12. 


Venice. 


d'a Sciavone. 


13. 


Venice. 


14. 


Venice. 


Stairs 




15. 


Venice. 


16. 


Venice. 


17. 


Venice. 


Hall. 




18. 


Venice. 


trance 




19. 


Venice. 



Doge's Palace from Riva 

Doge's Palace, Interior. 
Doge's Palace, Giant 

The Rialto. 
Grand Canal, Degana. 
Doge's Palace, Council 

Doge's Palace, Side En- 
Bell Tower and Pigeons. 



128 



LESSON 1643. 



ROME — ITALY. 



1. Rome. Forum with Coliseum. 

2. Rome. View from Coliseum. 

3. Rome. View with part of Forum. 

4. Rome. Forum. 

5. Rome. Forum, three Arches. 

6. Rome. Forum. 

7. Rome. Fountain. 



Rome. Temple of Vesta. 

Rome. Column of Marcus Aure- 



8. 

9. 

lius. 

10. Rome. Column of Trajan. 

11. Rome. Church da Spanla. 

12. Rome. Propaganda. 

13. Rome. St. Peters. 



LESSON 1644. 
GREECE, PAST AND PRESENT. 



1. The Piraeus. Port of Athens. 
Bay in Background. 

2. Athens. Hill of Mars (Areopa- 
gus.) Panorama of City below. Temple 
of Theseus. 

3. Athens. Temple of Theseus. Ex- 
terior. 

4. The Acropolis from S. W. The 
Parthenon, Propylaea, Temple of Nike. 
Roman Arches at Foot of Hill. 

5. Athens. The Parthenon. Exte- 
rior. 

6. Athens. The Parthenon. Interior. 
Complete Ruin. Outer Colonnade Vis- 
ible. 

7. Athens. The Parthenon. Frag- 
ment of Frieze. Horsemen. 

8. Athens. The Parthenon. Frag- 
ment of Frieze. Seated Divinities. 

9. Elgin Room in the British 
Museum Containing Fragments of the 
Parthenon Sculptures. Metopes and 
Fragments of Frieze on Wall. Frag- 
ments of Pediment on Pedestals. 

10. Athens. The Erechtheum, From 
the West. Ionic Order. Porch of the 
Caryatides on the Right. 

11. Athens. Caryatides on the Erech- 
theum. Near View. 



12. Athens. Temple of Athens. Nike 
(Victory.) Ionic Order. 

13. Athens. Choragic Monument of 
Lysicrates. Corinthian Order. 

14. Athens. Theater of Dionysos 
(Bacchus.) 

15. Athens. Ruins of Temple of 
Jupiter Olympus. 

16. Athens. Prison of Socrates. 

17. Athens. Acropolis Museum. Ar- 
chaic Statue of a Woman. 

18. Venus of Milo. Greek Statue now 
in the Louvre, Paris. 

19. Athlete Preparing to Throw the 
Discus, by Myron. Now in the Vatican 
Rome. 

20. Richly Decorated Greek Vase or 
Amphora. 

21. Athens. Statue of Byron in 
Greece. 

22. Athens. The Royal Palace. Ex- 
terior. 

23. Athens. The University. Exte- 
rior, Garden. 

24. Athens. House of Dr. Schlieman. 
Exterior. 

25. Athens. Shepherd and Flock 
Near Hill of Nymphs. 

26. Athens. A Greek in National 
Costume. 



LESSON 1645. 



HOLLAND AND BELGIUM. 



1. Map of Holland and Belgium. 
(To Locate Places to be Visited). 
HOLLAND. 

2 Haarlem. The Spaarne. Wind 
Mills. Lift Bridge. 

3. Haarlem. A Dutch family, Typic- 
al Peasants. Wooden Shoes. 

4. Haarlem. Amsterdam Gate, Tow- 
ers, Clock. 



5. Amsterdam. Queen's Palace. Ex- 
terior. Monument in Foreground. 
Crowned with Statue of Goddess of 
Concord. 

6. Holland. The Hague. Canal 
Scene. Boats. 

7. The Hague Museum of Art. Ex- 
terior. 



129 



8. Rotterdam. Canal. Wharf. Canal 
Boat. Windmill. 

9. Zwolle. Canal. Windmill. 

10. Delft. A Bit of Old Holland. 
Canal, Bridge, Trees, Houses. 

11. Typical Houses. Tiled Roofs. 

12. Group of Dutch Peasants in Cos- 
tume. Village Street. 

BELGIUM. 

13. Antwerp. Statue of Rubens. 
Cathedral in Background. 

14. Antwerp. Cathedral from South. 
Small Park in Foreground. 

15. Antwerp. Team of Flemish 



Draught Horses. Cart Loaded with Bar- 
rels. 

16. Bruges. City Hall with Great 
Belfry. (Longfellow's Poem). 

17. Brussels. The Bourse or Ex- 
change. Exterior. Renaissance Style. 

18. Brussels. Cathedral of St. 
Gudule. Exterior. Street Scene. 

19. Brussels. Flower Market. Richly 
Decorated Houses in Background. 

20. Brussels. Milk Cart Drawn by 
Dog. Milkmaid. 

21. Waterloo. Hilltop Crowned with 
Monument of British Lion. 



LESSON 1646. 



NORWAY AND DENMARK. 



NORWAY. 

1. Map of Norway and Sweden. 

2. Tromso Harbor. Sailing Vessels. 
Buoys. Snow-covered Mountain in Dis- 
tance. 

3. A Norwegian Fiord. Sailing Ves- 
sel. Roadway. 

4. A Mountain Glacier. Svartisen. 

5. Gorge in Mountains with Road. 
Great Patches of Snow. 

6. Ice Cavern. Little Boy Inside 

7. Waterfalls at Ringedal. Rugged 
Mountain Scenery. 

8. Waterfall. Tilted Strata. Hardan- 
ger. 

9. Seven Sisters Falls. Slender 
Streams of Water Falling from Great 
Height into Lake. 

10. Christiana from the Ekeburg. 
Harbor. Vessels. Distant Mountains. 

11. Parliament Buildings. Christian- 
ia. 

12. Carved Pulpit. Stavanger Cathe- 
dral. Romanesque Arches and Pier. 

13. Hitterdal Church. Typical Norwe- 
gian Church. Cemetery in Foreground. 

14. Typical Farmhouse and Out 
buildings, Mountains in Distance. 

15. Typical Cottages. Upper Story 
Projecting. Steep Projecting Roofs. 
Thelemarken. 

16. Interior of. Cottage. Stove, Beds, 
Chair, etc. Thelemarken. 

17. Hardanger Woman in National 
Costume. 

18. Children in National Costume. 
Quoit Rings on Right. 



19. Norwegian Tramp. Carries Tin 
Bucket and Stick. Mountains in Back- 
ground. 

20. Norwegian Carriole. Lady Driv- 
ing. Footman Sits Behind. Summer, 
Woods, Cottages and Mountains In 
Background. 

21. Washing Clothes by River 
Vinje. 

22. Flowery Meadow. Trees, Snow- 
capped Mountains in Distance. 

23. Haymaking. Jordal. Hay Piled in 
Tall Slender Stacks. Men and Women 
at Work. 

24. Summer. Wooded Cliff in Back- 
ground. Lake in Foreground. Swans. 

25. Salmon Fishing. Two Men in 
Boat Fishing with Poles and Line. 

26. Norwegian Girl on Snow Shoes. 
Pine Forest in Distance. 

27. Herd of Reindeer. Lapp Encamp- 
ment. Natives in Costume. Tromso. 

28. Midnight Sun at North Cape. 

DENMARK. 

29. Copenhagen. The Nyhaven or 
Harbor. Sail Boats. Quay. 

30. Copenhagen. Thorwaldsen Mu- 
seum. Exterior. River in Foreground. 

31. Copenhagen. Thorwaldsen Mu- 
seum. Interior. Statue of Pius VII. 

32. Fredericksburg. Museum. Model 
of Viking Boat. 

33. Copenhagen. A Bybud or Mes- 
senger. 

34. Copenhagen. Fish Sellers. Wom- 
en on Sidewalk with Baskets of Fish. 



130 



LESSON 1647. 



RUSSIA. 



1. Map of Russia. (To Locate 
Places to be Visited). 

2. St. Petersburg. The Palace Quay. 
Neva River. Tugs and Barges. Corner 
of Bridge on Left. 

3. St. Petersburg. Russian Navy 
Yard. Sheds in Process of Building. 

4. St. Petersburg. Statue of Peter 
the Great. Admiralty Palace. 

5. St. Petersburg. Alexander Gar- 
dens. People Resting on Bench. 

. 6. A Drosky. Four-Wheeled Rus- 
sian Carriage. 

7. Shrine in Greek Chapel. Richly 
Decorated. 

8. Moscow. Panorama of the Krem- 
lin, River Moskva on Right. 

9. Moscow. The Kremlin, inside the 
Walls. 

10. Moscow. Great Bell in the Krem- 
lin, Decorated, Broken. 

11. Moscow. Church of St. Basil. 
Exterior. 

12. Moscow. Interior of Church of 
the Assumption where the Czar is 
Crowned. Columns Decorated with 
Paintings. Candelabra. 

13. Russian Soldiers Working. 
Houses. 



14. St. Petersburg. Tartar Peddlers. 

15. Farm Scene, Wagon and Horse 
with Group of Natives in Foreground. 

16. Finland, Helsingfors. On the Gulf 
of Finland. 

17. Finland. Farmer's Cabin. Family. 

18. Finland. Mill. Woods in Back- 
ground. 

1'9. Finland. Farmers' Market. 

Drosky. 

20. Finland. Nurmijavoi Lake. Boat- 
ing. 

21'. Finland. Fishing Boats Moored at 
Dock. Fisherman Selling Fish. 

22. Finland, Viborg. A Group in the 
Fish Market. 

23. Finland, Sippola. Peasant Women 
Harvesting. 

24. Finland, Sippola. A Bride on her 
Way to Church. Elaborate Headdress. 
Forest. 

25. Finland. Peasant Flower Girls. 

26. Siberia. Vladivostock. Panorama 
Looking North. 

27. Siberia. A Mounted Cossack. Vil- 
lage in Background. 

28. Siberia. Group of. Natives. Rus- 
sian Costume. 



LESSON 1648. 
RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR AND RUSSIAN REVOLUTION. 



1. Scene of Map of War. 

2. The Russian Fleet. 

3. The Japanese Fleet. 

4. Russian Battleship Czarwltch. 

5. Japanese Battleship Mikasa. 

6. Japanese Torpedo Boat Destroy- 
er. 

7. How a Torpedo Attack is Made. 
S. Czar Nicholas, of Russia. 

9. Emperor of Japan. 

10. Map of the Great Trans-Sibe- 
rian R. R. 

11. Harbor Vladivostok. 

12. General Kuropatkin. 

13. River Front, Tokio. 

14. Marquis Ito. 

15. Russian Soldiers in Winter 
Camp. 

16. Prayer before a Battle. 

17. Japanese Troops Landing in 
Chempulpo. 

IS. Vice-Admiral Togo, the Japa- 
nese Nelson. Russian Japanese War. 



19. Battle between Tor,pedo Boats. 

20. Destruction of the Petroparlorsk. 

21. Russian Japanese War. 16th Reg- 
iment passing through Teng Wang 
Cheng on the Advance to Molien Pass. 

22. Battle of the Yalie, First Land 
Fight. 

23. Russian Japanese War. Man- 
churia. Wounded Russian Prisoners 
from the Battle of the Yalie. 

2 4. Charging across the Ai Ho River. 

25. Russian Japanese War. Man- 
churia. Japanese Transport Men Get- 
ting Supplies to Kuroki's Army. 

26. A Japanese Bayonet Charge. 

27. Japan's First Real Reverse. 

28. Korean Military Escort. 

29. Group of Corean Statesmen. 

30. Russian Cossacks. 

31. Hand to Hand Fighting. 

32. Fire! the Advance on Liao Yang. 
Battery in Action. 

33. Liao Yang the Day Following its 



131 



Evacuation by Kuropatkin, September 

4th, 1904. Scene of the First Great En- 
gagement of Modern Equipped Armies. 

3 4. Japanese Soldiers Unloading 
Transport at Yinkow Just Before Freez- 
ing of the River. Kuroki's Army. 

35. Chinese Coolies Impressed into 
the Japanese Service Carrying Bean- 
Cake at Autung. Kuroki's Army. 

36. Kuropatkin's Masterly Retreat. 

37. Japs Cremating their Dead. 

38. Field Marshall Oyama. 

39. The Russian Baltic Fleet. 

40. Tragedy of the North Sea. 

41. City of Fort Arthur. 

42. Siege of Port Arthur. 

43. Destruction of Port Arthur Fleet. 

4 4. Port Arthur Surrenders. 
4 5. Victor and Vanquished. 

46. Hand to Hand Fighting with 
Stones. 



47. Flight of the Russians from 
Mukden. 

48. Russians on the Way Home. 

49. View of Odessa Harbor. 

50. Nevsky Prospect, St. -Petersburg 
Main Street. 

51. Strikers Erecting Barricades. 
Father Gapon Leading the Strik- 



52. 
ers. 

53. Firing on the People at Froitzky 
Bridge. 

5 4. Cossack Charge in Palace Square. 
Guarding the Railway near Mos- 



55. 
cow. 

56. 
dom. 

57. 

58. 

59. 

60. 



Martyrs to the Cause of Free- 
Assassination of the Grand Duke. 
Czar Receiving a Deputation. 
The Kremlinat, Moscow. 
The Peace Commission. 



LESSO X 1649. 



BRITISH EMPIRE IN ASIA. 



INDIA. 

1. Map of Indian Empire. (To Lo- 
cate Places to be Visited). 

2. Bombay. University and Esplan- 
ade from Watson's Hotel. 

3. The Himalayas. Snowy Range 
from Sandakfoo. 

4. Amritsar. Golden Temple on Is- 
land in Artificial Lake. 

5. Delhi. Ruins of Hindu Observa- 
tory. 

6. Agra. Taj Mahal from Gateway. 
Avenue of Cypress Trees. 

7. Cawnpore. Memorial Statue, 
Erected after Massacre by Sepoys. 

8. Madura. Great Temple. 

9. Benares. Monkey Temple. Feed- 
ing the Monkeys. 

10. Calcutta. General Fost Office. 

11. Calcutta. Royal Botanical ■ Gar- 
den. 



12. Calcutta. Royal Botanical Gar- 
den. Avenue of Palms. 

13. A Coffee Plantation. Houses. 

14. A Jinrikisha or Two-Wheeled 
Carriage Drawn and Pushed by Natives. 

15. Bamboo House. A Bungalow. 
Thatched Roof. 

1.6. Ascetic Buried up to Neck. Na- 
tives. 

17. Hindoo Lady. Elaborate Jewelry, 
Watch and Chain. Barefooted. 

CEYLON. 

18. Colombo. Native Plowing with 
Oxen. Plow is a Rude Stick. 

19. Coffee Plant. Thick Matted 
Growth. 



20. 
Roots. 

21. 

22. 

23. 
Canoes 



Rubber Tree. Large Spreading 

Palm Tree. Typical Scenery. 
Elephant Stables. Ruins. 
Singapore. Native Boys in 
Diving. 



LESSON 1650. 
WESTERN AND CENTRAL ASIA. 



1. Map of the World. Trace Water 
Route from New York to Western Asia 
Passing through Mediterranean. 

2. Moonlight on the Mediterranean. 

3. Map of Asia. Locate Places to 
lie Visited. 

SYRIA. 

4. Palestine, Jerusalem. Panorama 



5. Palestine, Jerusalem, ranorama 
from the North. Wall with Ornamented 
Battlements in Foreground. 

6. Palestine, Jerusalem. Garden of 
Gethsemane in Foreground. Cypress 
Trees. 

7. Palestine, Nazareth. City In 
Foreground. Hil!s in the Distance. 



132 



8. Palestine, Bethlehem. Remains 
of Ancient Aqueduct in Foreground. 

9. Palestine, Bethlehem. Pilgrims 
Entering Gates of the City on Christ- 
mas Day. 

10. Palestine, Bethlehem. Church of 
Nativity. Exterior. 

11. Palestine. Dead Sea in Back- 
ground. Tourist and Natives in Fore- 
ground, Mounted on Donkeys. 

12. Palestine. Fig Tree. 

13. Palestine. Rude Stone Houses. 
Thatched. Native with Oxen in Fore- 
ground, Threshing. 

14. Palestine. A Rabbi. 

15. Group of Lepers. 

16. Damascus. Group of Lepers in 
front of the Lepers' House. 

17. Low Flat Houses of Rock with 
Sleeping Places on the Top. 

18. Damascus. Interior of Wealthy 
Home. Rich Decorations. Fountain. 

1 9. A Snake Charmer. 

20. Baalbeck. Ruins of Peristyle of 
Great Temple. Corinthian Order. 



21. Suez Canal. Ship passing through 
Canal. 

ARABIA. 

21. Suez Canal. Ship Passing through 
Houses. Barren Mountains in Back- 
ground. 

23. Women in Native Costumo, 
Veiled. 

24. Natives at Prayer. 

PERSIA. 

25. Teheran. Native Women Weav- 
ing Carpet by Hand. Portion of Fin- 
ished Carpet. 

26. Teheran. Interior of Bazaar. 
Grocer's Shop. Group of Natives. 

27. Teheran. Cultivating the Soil. 
One Holds Rake, whilst Another Draws 
It. 

28. Persian School. Group of Teach- 
ers and Pupils, Some Seated on Ground. 

29. Native Musicians and Dancers, 
Showing Costumes and Musical In- 
struments. 



LESSON 1651. 
A TRIP TO ASIA, CHINA AND JAPAN. 



1. Map of China and Japan. To 
Locate Places to be Visited. 

CHINA. 

2. Pekin. Panorama from Observa- 
tory and Houses. 

3. Pekin from Wall, Showing Brit- 
ish Legation. Houses, Walls and Large 
Arches at Intersection of Streets. 
Sewage Flowing down Middle of Street. 

4. Hong Kong. Mandarin in Official 
Dress. 

5. Two Chinese Children. Bamboo 
Fence. 

6. Women of Middle Class. Small 
Feet. Carry Fans. Brick Wall of House 
in Background. Potted Plants. 

7. Junk under Sail. 

8. Canton. House Boats on River, 
Moored in Rows. 

9. Irrigating Rice Fields. Group of 
Chinese and Tourists. 

JAPAN. 

10: Japanese Scenery. Mt. Miyanosh- 
ita. Snow-capped. Volcanic Origin. 
Foliage and Houses in Foreground. 

11. Japanese Scenery with Mount 
Fugi in Background. Bridge, Barges. 



12. Gifu. Bridge Ruined by Earth- 
quake. 

13. Tokio. Panorama. Bay of Tokio 
in Distance. 

14. Tokio. Bamboo Groves in the 
Palace Grounds. Bamboo Fences. 

15. Tokio. Tea House in Garden. 

16. Colossal Statue of Buddha. 

17. Japanese Cleaning Rice. 

18. Painter Decorating China. 

19. Women Spinning and Weaving 
Silk. Hand Loom. 

20. Newspaper Boy. 

21. Landscape Gardening. Stream 
with Bridge. Wisteria Hanging from 
Trees. 

22. Buddhist Priest and Acolytes. 

23. A Mother Playing with Her 
Baby. Matting on Floor and before 
Window. 

24. Two Children Eating with Chop 
Sticks. Mother Preparing Food. 

25. A Family at Their Mid-day Meal. 
Sitting on Floor before Low Tables. 
Matting on Floor. 

26. Playing at the Game of "Go" 
(Resembling Checkers). Players Sitting 
on Floor. Tea Pot and Cups near Them. 

27. Iris Garden. Horikiri. Japanese 
in National Costume. 



133 



LESSO\ T 1652. 
A VISIT IX JAPAN. 



1. Cherry Trees in Blossom — Uyeno 
Park — Tokio. 

2. Chrysanthemum Plant in Im- 
perial Gardens. 

3. Avenue of Cryptomerias — Nikko. 

4. In the Grounds of the Imperial 
University — Tokio. 

5. Street in Shimbashi — Tokio. 

6. Five Storied Pagoda — Nikko. 

7. The Red Bridge — Nikko. 

8. Nagasaki Harbor from the 
South. 

9. Stone Portals — O'Suwa Temple 
— Nagasaki. 

10. Bronze Horse and Gateway — 
O'Suwa Temple — Nagasaki. 

11. Great Bronze Statue of Buddha. 

12. Rock-cut Image of Jizo — Near 
Hakone Lake. 

LESSON 



13. At Matsushima. 

I 4. Fuji San from Numagawa. 

15. In the Crater of Bandai San. 

16. Ancient Cave Dwellings. 

17. Tea Picking — Uji. 

18. Grinding Corn. 

19. A Vegetable Dealer 

« 

20. Treating Lacquer in the Sun- 
shine. 

21. Painting Kaki — Monos, 

22. Girls Dancing and Playing on 
the Samisen and Koto. 

23. Girl at her Toilet. 

24. An Actor. 

25. A Country Girl. 

26. Taking Baby for an Airing. 



AUSTRALIA AND THE ISLANDS OF THE PACIFIC. 



1. Map of Eastern Hemisphere. (To 
Locate Places to be Visited). 

2. May of Australia in Relief, Show- 
ing Character of Country. 

3. Australia, Melbourne. The Yarra- 
Yarra River. City in Distance. 

4. Australia, Melbourne. University 
Buildings. 

5. Australia, Melbourne. New Town 
Hall. 

6. Australia. Plowing a Bush Farm 
with Bullock Team. English Farmers. 

7. Australia, Sidney. A Cattle Herd 
on Darling Downs. 

8. Australia, Queensland. Aborigines 
Throwing Boomerang. Forest. 

9. Tasmania. Commandant's Resi- 
dence. 

10. Tasmania. Forest of Eucalyptus 
Trees. 

11. Tasmania. Forest. Gigantic Ferns 
in Foreground. 

12. New Zealand. View of City of 
Dunedin. Beautiful Gothic Monument. 

13. New Zealand, Parihaka. Maori 
Capital. Group of Huts. 

14. New Zealand. Head of Native 
Chief Tatooed. 

15. Samoa. Coral Gatherers. Palms. 

16. Fiji Islands. Typical Scenery. 
Gigantic Palms. Native Huts. 

17. New Guinea. Huts in Trees. 
Group of Natives. 



18. Philippine Islands. Palm Forest. 
Native Huts. Bamboo Bridge. 

19. Philippine Islands. Manila. 
Cathedral. 

20. Philippine Islands, Manila. Bam- 
boo Lumber Yard. 

21. Philippine Islands. Manila. A 
Business Street at Mid-day. Awnings 
Lowered. 

22. Philippine Islands. Group of Na- 
tives. Thatched House. Palm Trees. 

23. Philippine Islands. A Wealthy 
Half-cast^e Lady. Richly Brocaded 
Dress. Type More Spanish than Mon- 
golian. Refined Appearance. 

24. Philippine Islands. Preparing 
Hemp. 

25. Philippine Islands. Group of Na- 
tives in Two-Wheeled Cart, Shafts of 
Bamboo. Native House in Background. 

26. Hawaii. Typical Scenery in 
Mountains. Rugged Outline. 

27. Hawaii, Honolulu. Iolani Palace. 
Public Square. Mountains in Distance. 

28. Hawaii. Dancing Girls with Mu- 
sical Instruments. 

29. Hawaii. Lady on Horseback. 

30. Hawaii. Old Native. Hut with 
Thatched Sides. 

31. Homeward Bound. View on Pa- 
cific Ocean. Ocean Steamer in Distarce. 

32. Map of Australia. 

33. Natives and Huts — Pompanga. 
P. I. 



134 



LESSON 1654. 
SOUTH AFRICA. 



1. Map of Africa in Relief, Illus- 
trating Physical Features. 

2. Cape Town. Table Mountain. 
Bay in Foreground. City in Distance. 

3. Cape Colony. Ostrich Farm. 

4. Transvaal. Typical Bit of the 
Veldt or Prairie. ^Stream. Miners Pan- 
ning Gold. 

5. Vaal River. Searching Gravel for 
Diamonds. 

6. South Africa. Hydraulicing for 
Gold. 

7. Transvaal, Pretoria. Raadzaal or 
Parliament House. 

8. Transvaal, Pretoria. President 
Kruger's House. Guards. 

9. Transvaal. The Exchange. Na- 
tives. 

10. Transvaal. A Typical Boer Farm 
House. Natives. 



11. Transvaal, Johannesburg. An 
Uitlander Camp. 

12. Transvaal. Boer Family Trek- 
king. Wagon Drawn by Oxen. 

13. Natal. Majuba Hill. Railroad. 

14. Kimberly. Armored Engine. 

15. Kimberly. Interior of a Zulu Hut. 
Kitchen Utensils. Roof Made of Reeds. 

16. A Group of Kafirs on the Veldt. 

17. Congo Region. Caravan Crossing 
River. Mountain in Distance. 

18. Congo Region. Bianzi Native 
Woman. Negro Type. 

19. Congo Region. Bianzi House Dec- 
orated with Human Skulls. Thatche-3 
Roof. No Walls. 

20. Congo Free State. Dutch Trader 
Buying Ivory. Natives. 

21. St. Helena. Longwood. Na- 
poleon's Last Residence. 



LESSON 1655. 
A TRIP TO EGYPT. No. 



1. Map of the Nile. 

2. The Nile. Dahabieh (Nile Boat). 

3. The Nile. First Cataract of the 
Nile. Native Swimming. 

4. A Sakkieh. Method of Irrigation. 
A Cogwheel worked by Oxen Sets in 
Motion a Vertical Wheel Set Round 
with Water Jars that Dip in River and 
Pour Water in Troughs that Lead to 
the Fields to be Irrigated. 

5. Alexandria. Pompey's Pillar. 
Solitary Corinthian Column. 

6. Alexandria. Square of Mahomet 
AH. Garden of Tropical Plants Sur- 
rounded by Buildings. 

7. Cairo. View of Citadel and 
Mosque of Mahomet Ali. 

8. Cairo. The Minaret of a 
Mosque. Muezzins Calling the Hour of 
Prayer. 

9. Dancing Dervishes. 

10. A Native Elementary School. 
Pupils Seated on Floor. Lattice Work. 

11. A Veiled Woman. Mahommedan 
Custom. 

12. Cairo. An Arabic Cafe. Tables 
Out of Doors. Natives in Costume. 
Arabic Arch over Doorway. 

13. Arab Woman and Baby. 

14. A Grocer's Shop. Exterior. Large 
Doors. 

15. Donkeys and their Drivers. 



16. A Snake Charmer. 

17 Cairo. Gizeh Museum. Interior. 
Antique Objects Arranged in Cases. 

In. Cairo. Gizeh Museum. Statues of 
Ra-hotep and his Wife Nofert, 2900- 
B. C. 

19. Distant View of the Pyramids 
of Gizeh. Palm Trees in Foreground. 

20. The Sphinx. Pyramids in Dis- 
tance. 

21. Climbir" the Great Pyramid. 

22. Tombs Cut into the Mountain 
Side. Beni-Hassan. 

23. Memphis. Prostrate Statue of 
Rameses II. Palm Trees. 

24. The Isle of Pliilae. Ruins of 
Temple — "Bed of Pharaoh." 

25. Thebes, Karnak. General View of 
Ruins of Great Temple. Obelisk in 
Foreground. 

26. Thebes, Karnak. Great Hall of 
Columns. Looking Down One of the 
Aisles. 

27. Thebes, The Ramesseum. Colos- 
sal Figures with Arms Crossed Stand- 
ing before Piers. 

28. Hieroglyphics on Wall of Tem- 
ple of Isis. 

29. Rock-cut Temple of Abu Simbel 
from the Nile. Sand Drifts on Either 
Side. 

30. Modern Egyptian Village. 



135 



LESSON 1656. 
A TRIP TO EGYPT. No. 2. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited). 

2. Dahabiehs, or Nile Boats. 

3. Site of Memphis. Typical Scen- 
ery on Nile. Palm Trees. 

4. The Nilometer. Column Stands in 
Well which Connects with Nile. When 
Water Rises, its Height is Indicated on 
Column. 

5. A Shaduf. Irrigating Machine. 
(Plan of Old Oaken Bucket). 

6. Cairo. View from the Citadel. 
Mosque. Battlements of Citadel in Fore- 
ground. 

7. Cairo. The Citadel. Mosque of 
Mahomet Ali in Distance. 

8. Cairo. Shepherd's Hotel. Euro- 
pean Style of Building. Foreigners' 

. Headquarters. 

9. Cairo. Khedive in Carriage. 
Mounted Guards. 

10. Buildings Showing Egyptian Lat- 
tices of Mushrebiyeh Work. Natives on 
Donkeys in Foreground. 

11. Cairo. Among the Bazaars. In- 
terior of Fruit Store. Natives in Fore- 
ground. 

12. A Barber's Shop. Native with 
Pipe Waiting while Boy is Being 
Shaved. 

13. Native Women Going to the 
Cemetery. Wagon Drawn by Ox. Wom- 
en Veiled. 

14. Arab Family at Dinner. Seated 



on Ground. Peculiar Drinking Vessels. 
Table of Thin Reeds. 

15. An Alexandrian Beggar. 

16. Boulak. Copper Market. Kitchen 
Utensils for Sale. 

17. Wadi Haifa. Nubian Group with 
Camels. 

18. Avenue Leading to the Pryamids 
of Gizeh. Acacia Trees — Three Pyra- 
mids in Distance. 

19. Pyramid of Cheops. Showing En- 
trance. 

20. Pyramid of Cheops. The Ascent. 
Group of Natives and Donkeys at Base. 

21. Mound of Ancient Debris. 

22. Assiut. Tombs in the Mountain 
Side. 

23. Sakkara. Apis Tombs. Great Sar- 
cophagus. 

24. Procession of the Bull Apis. 
Imaginary Scene. Artist — Bouguereau. 

25. Thebes. Ruins of Temple of 
Medinet Habu. Columns, Great Gate- 
ways or Pylons. 

26. Luxor. Ruins of Temple of Amen- 
hotep III. Columns Resembling Bundles 
of Reeds. 

27. Denderah. Ruins of Temple, 
Partly Buried in Sand. Isis-faced Capi- 
tals. Hieroglyphics. 

28. Heliopolis. the Great Obelisk. 
Scene of Moses'- Youth. 

29. Suez Canal. Ships Passing 
through Canal. 



LESSON 1657. 
EGYPT — THE LAND OF THE PYRAMIDS. No. 3. 



1. Map. (To Locate Places to be 
Visited). 

2. Alexandria. Harbor. Sail Boats. 
Ocean Steamers in Distance. 

3. Alexandria. "Cleopatra's Needle" 
— Obelisk with Hieroglyphics. City in 
Distance. 

4. The Nile in Flood. Village and 
Palm Trees. 

5. A Sakkieh. Irrigating Machine. A 
Cog-wheel Worked by Oxen Sets in 
Motion a Vertical Wheel Set Round 
With Water Jars that Dip in River and 
Pour Water in Troughs that Lead to 
the Fields to be Irrigated. 

6. Cairo. Farmers in the Fields. 
Raking. Two Overseers. 



7. Cairo. General View of a City 
Showing Mosques and Flat-roofed 
Houses with Gardens. 

8. Cairo. Tombs of the Mameluks. 
Mosques, Small Domed Buildings. 

9. Cairo. Street Scene. Outrunners 
and Carriage. 

10. Cairo. Carpet Bazaar. Interior. 

11. Cairo. Arab Women, Veiled, Car- 
rying Water Jars. 

12. Cairo. Nile Bridge. Soldiers Na- 
tives. 

13. Cairo. On the Way to the Pyra- 
mids. Tourists Mounted on Donkeys. 
Native Guides. 

14. Pyramid of Chephren and Great 
Sphinx. 



136 



15. Pyramid of Cheops. Natives 
Mounted on Camels in Foreground. 

16. Plan of the Interior of Pyramid 
of Cheops Showing Passages, King and 
Queen's Chambers, etc. 

17. Pyramid of Cheops. Interior. The 
Great Hall or Passage Way. 

18. Sakkarah. Step Pyramid. 

19. Luxor from the Nile. Ruins of 
Temples in Distance. 

20. Isle of Philae. Ruins of Temple 
of Isis. 

21. Isle of Philae. Ruins of Temple 
— "Bed of Pharaoh." 

22. Thebes. The Great Gateway of 
the Temple of Karnak. 



23. Thebes. Great Hall of Temple 
of Karnak. Looking down One of the 
Aisles. 

2 4. Abu Simbel. Rock-cut Temple. 
Colossal Statues of Rameses II. at En- 
trance. 

25. Abu Simbel. Rock-cut Temple. 
Interior. 

26. Cairo. Gizeh Museum. Mummy of 
Rameses II. 

27. Thebes. The Colossal Statues of 
Amenoph III., Called by the Greeks 
"Statues of Memnon." 

28. The Isle of Philae. Ptolemaic 
Land-Grant Stone. 



LESSON 1658. 



TRIP TO ALGIERS. 



1. Algiers from the Harbor. 6. 

2. Algiers from the Marengo Gar- 7. 
dens. v 3- 

3. Mosque and Place du Govern- 9. 
in. ni 10. 

1. Colonnade of the Djamaa — El 11. 

Kebir Mosque. 12. 

5. Fountain inside of Djamaa — El 13. 

Kebir Mosque. 14. 



Museum First Floor. 

Exterior of Moorish Villa. 

Street Scene. 

Arab. 

I 'raw ing Water. 

The Bazaar. 

Under the Palms. 

A rab — "Castermonger." 

Camels. 



LESSON 1659. 



MODES OF TRAVEL. 



ON LAND. 



1. Crossing the Desert on Camels. 

2. Palanquin. Bearers Resting. Cal- 
cutta. 

3. A Dog Cart. Belgium. 

4. Hay Wagon Drawn by Oxen. 
Pyrenees Mountains. 

5. Six-Horse Overland Stage. Old 
Way of Crossing the Western Prairies. 

6. Gipsy Camp. Meal Time. Wagons. 

7. First Passenger Train in U. S. 

8. Limited Express on Erie Rail- 



road. 
9. 
Car. 
10. 



Interior of Pullman Sleeping 
Interior of Pullman Dining Car. 



ON WATER. 

11. Sail Boat. Sails Spread. 

12. Scudding under Full Sail. 

13. First Steamboat on the Hudson. 
Fulton's. 



14. River Steamers. Side-wheel. 
River Front at Cincinnati. 

15. Row Boats with Awnings. Steam 
Launch. Sailing Boats in the Distance. 
Port Said, Suez Canal. 

16. Ocean Steamer. Sea Gulls. 
Queenstown Harbor in Distance. 

17. Ocean Steamer. Front View. 
Decorated with Flags. 

18. Ocean Liner Leaving Pier. Hull 
and Forward Deck Visible. 

19. Saloon of S. S. Majestic. White 
Star Line. 

20. Passengers on Deck S. S. Majes- 
tic. White Star Line. 

21. Steerage of Steamer. Sleeping 
Bunks. 

IN AIR. 

22. Ballooning. Inflating Balloon. 

23. Ballooning. In Mid Air. 

24. Ballooning. Parachuting. Prepar- 
ing to Let Go. 



137 



LESSON 1660. 
SOME FORMS OF LAND AND WATER 



1. Map of North America in Relief. 
Physical Features Pointed Out. 

2. Snow Covered Peak Mount 
Shasta above the Clouds. Pine Trees, 
Farm Buildings in Foreground. 

3. Climbing a Mountain. Avalanche 
Swept Surface. Mt. Blanc. Ropes 
Stretched Across to Assist in Ascent. 
Alpine Stocks. 

4. Summit of Mt. Blanc. Men Con- 
nected by Ropes. Heavy Snow on 
Ground. 

•5. A Mountain Glacier. Can. Pac. 
Railroad. 

6. A Mountain Pass. Tunnels. Rail- 
road. High Andes, Peru. 

7. Old Tree-Covered Mountains with 
Soft Rounded Outlines. Alleghenies, Pa. 
City of Altoona in Valley. 

8. Grizzly Bear. Looking over Crag. 
Found in Rocky Mts. 

9. Rocky Mountain Antelopes. Fair- 
mount Park, Philadelphia. Home in Foot 
Hills of Rocky Mts. 

10. Otter Lake with Kearsarge 
Mountain in Distance, N. H. 

11. Hills with Small Lakes in Fore- 
ground. Also Illustrates Isthmus, Col. 

12. Bay of Naples, with Vesuvius in 
the Distance (by Day). 

13.- Bay of Naples, with Vesuvius in 
the Distance (by Night). 

14. Bay of Naples with Vesuvius in 
Action. Illustrates Internal Heat of 
Earth. 

15. Oblong Geyser. Yellowstone Park. 
Another Illustration of the Internal 
Heat of the Eartfi. 



16. Rolling Grass-covered Plain. 
Sheep Ranch, N. D. 

17. Cave with Stalactites and Stalag- 
mites. Illustrates Work of Under- 
ground Water. 

18. How a River Cuts Its Bed. 
Weathering of Banks. Grand Canon of 
the Colorado River. Ariz. 

19. A Winding River with Fertile 
Banks Formed by Alluvial Deposits 
and Weathering. Bluffs Beyond Elbe 
River, Germany. 

20. A Broad and Fertile River Val- 
ley. The Thames. Farms. Village. 
Bridge. 

21. A Very Broad River. Mississippi 
River at St. Louis. Eads Bridge. 
Steamer. 

22. A Flood in the Mississippi River 
Valley. Flooded Country Back of Ames 
Crevasse near New Orleans. Houses and 
Fences Partly Submerged. 

23. Effect of Floods. Road through 
Woods under Water. Dismal Swamp, 
Va. 

2 4. Section of Niagara Showing the 
Arrangement of Hard and Soft Strata. 
Illustrating the Process of Erosion by 
Running Water and the Formation of 
Waterfalls. 

25. Beginning of a Waterfall. Ind. 
Projecting Ledge of Hard Rock. Dry 
Season. 

26. Whirlpool Rapids, Niagara. Sus- 
pension Bridge in the Distance. 

27. American Falls, Niagara. Goat 
Island. Horse Shoe Falls in Distance. 

28. Niagara. The Falls by Moonlight. 
Winter 



LESSON 1661. 



THE OCEAN. (ELEMENTARY). 



1. Land and Water Hemispheres. 
Shows Proportion of Water and Land 
on Earth's Surface. 

2. Mid-Ocean View. (Colored). 
Waves. Blue Color of Water. Sunset 
Sky. 

3. An Ocean Steamer. Passenger 
Vessel. Three Smoke Stacks. 

4. A Flat and Sandy Coast. The 
Beach at Santa Monica, Cal. Bathers in 
Distance. 

5. The Beach, Santa Monica, Cal. 



Bathers Reclining on Sand. Little Girl 
Picking up Shells. Pier in Distance. 
Surf. 

6. A Pebbly Beach. Cape Ann, Mass. 

7. A Rocky Coast. Cliffs and Sea 
Wall at Newport, R. I. 

S. Shipwreck. Ship Driven by Wind 
on Flat Sandy Beach. Tilted to One 
Side. Heavy Surf. 

9. Iceberg Off the Coast of Green- 
land. Reflected in Water. 

10. A Norwegian Fiord. Steamers. 



138 



Patches of Snow on Distant Mountains. 

11. A Harbor, in the Docks, Havre, 
France. Various Kinds of Ocean Craft. 
Quay in Foreground. 

12. A Sea Shore View. Low Tide. 
Boats Anchored. Mountains in Distance. 
Beautiful Cloud Effects. 

13. The Largest Creature That Lives 
in the Sea. Greenland Whale Spouting. 
Mouth Open Showing Fringe of Whale- 
bone. Other Whales and Boats in Dis- 
tance. 

14. Deep Sea Fish. .Large Mouth. No 
Eyes. 

15. Very Small Creatures that Live 
in the Sea. Their Work. A Coral Island, 
Crescent Shaped. Covered with Vegeta- 
tion. Sailing Vessel. Row Boat. Storm 
Clouds Gathering. 



16. Serpula Atolls. (Coral Reefs that 
do not Enclose Islands). 

18. A Piece of Coral. Minute Cells 
in which the Animals Once Lived. 

18. Deep Sea Crinoid. Lowest Form- 
of Animal Life. Resembles Flower. At- 
tached to Sea Bottom. 

19. The Eddystone Lighthouse. Day. 
Calm Sea. Row Boat. 

20. The Eddystone Lighthouse. 
Night. Rough Sea. Waves Dashing 
Against Rocks. Sailing Vessel Tossing 
in Distance. 

21. The Eddystone Lighthouse. 
Night. Raging Storm. Wreck of Vessel 
Dashed about by Waves. 

22. Sunrise on the Atlantic. Calm 
Sea. Sun Reflected in Water. Clouds. 



LESSON 1662. 



< >CEAN TIDES. 



1. Diagram Illustrating Cause of 
Tides. (Rackwork Attachment) As Moon 
Revolves around Earth an Elliptical 
Band around Latter, Representing 
Height of Tide, Moves with it. Moon's 
Phases Shown during Revolution. Por- 
tion of Sun's Disk on Left. Can be Used 
to IXplain Cause of Spring and Neap 
Tides. 

2. Beach. Tide Out. Scotland. 

3. Beach. Tide Coming in. Scotland. 

4. Ebb Tide. Estuary. St. John's, 
N. B. Pine Trees. on Bank. Bridge. 



5. Flood Tide — From Same Point of 
View as Preceding. Difference in Height 
of Water. 

6. An Estuary with Tide out. Clif- 
ton Suspension Bridge. Bristol, England. 

7. An Estuary with Tide in. Same 
Point of View as Preceding. 

8. A Tidal Wave. Mascaret of the- 
Seine. Caudebec, France. Water Dash- 
ing over Quay. 

9. Undercutting of Rocks by Tide. 
Australia. 



LESSON 1663. 
RIVERS, VALLEYS, FLOOD PLAINS AND WATERFALLS. 



1. Map of U. S. in Relief, Showing 
Area Drained by Mississippi River and 
its Tributaries. Illustrates Basin, Di- 
vide, River System, etc. 

2. The Beginning of a River — 
Yahtse River, Alaska, Issuing from 
Malaspina Glacier. 

3. The Beginning of a River. A 
Mountain Torrent. Scotland — How a 
River Cuts its Bed — Weathering of 
Sides of Stream. 

4. Boulders Carried by a Mount- 
ain Stream — Their Cutting Power. 

5. Ausable Chasm, N. Y., Illus- 
trating Cutting Power of Water with 
very Little Weathering of Sides. 

6. Diagram Illustrating the Erosion 
of Valleys by Streams and by Weather- 
ing. 



Miss. River near St. Anthony's 
Falls, Illustrating a Stream in Upper 
Part of its Course. Current Rapid. 
Banks Steep. 

8. Little Missouri River, N. D., 
Illustrating the Gradual Broadening of 
a River Valley. Current Becomes Less 
Rapid, Begins to Deposit its Detritus. 
Islands are Formed. 

9. Sand Bar farming in Green 
River. 

10. A Mature River Loop. Moccasin 
Bend. Tenn. River. The Flood-plain En- 
closed by the Loop is Rich Farming 
Land. 

11. Ox Bow Cut-off. Conn. River. 
New Channel Compared to Old. 

12. Diagram Illustrating Formation! 
of Flood Plains (Natural Adv. Geog). 



139 



13. Flooded Country. Parkersburg, 
\Y. Va. 

14. Formation of Swamps. Trees Dy- 
ing in Drummond Lake. Dismal Swamp. 
Va. 

15. The End of a River. River with 
Comparatively Steep Banks Emptying 
into the Sea. Illustrates Estuary. 

16. The End of a River. Yahtse 
River Gravel Delta. Current Being 
Checked as River Enters Ocean, it De- 
posits its Detritus. 

17. Diagram Illustrating t he For- 
mation of Waterfalls and Rapids. Hard 
and Soft Strata. 



18. Rapids on the Nile River. Na- 
tive Swimming. 

19. Rapids in Niagara River. Sus- 
pension Bridge in Distance. 

20. The Beginning of a Waterfall. A 
Small Cataract in Ga. 

21. Ithaca Falls, N v Y., in Flood. 

22. Ithaca Falls, N.'y,, in Dry Time. 

23. Bird's Eye View of Niagara 
River and Falls, from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario. 

24. Niagara Falls in Winter. 

25. Rivers and Mountains. 

26. Niagara Falls. 

27. Section of Niagara River. 



LESSON 1664.' 
MISSISSIPPI RIVER SYSTEM. 



1. Map of the Mississippi River 
System. 

2. Minn., Mississippi River. Bluffs 
on the Banks. Row Boats. Ferry Run 
on Trolley Crossing River. 

3. Minn., Mississippi River, St. An- 
thony's Falls. High Wooded Banks. 
BTidge. Steamer. Rapids in Foreground. 

4. Minn., Cutting. Ice on the Mis- 
sissippi River. Bridge. Houses in Dis- 
tance. Frame Buildings on Ice. Railroad 
Tracks in Foreground. 

5. Minn., Ice Plow on the Mis- 
sissippi River. Plow Drawn by Horses, 
Guided by Man. Elevated Tracks in Dis- 
tance. 

6. Minn., Mississippi River at Min- 
neapolis. Bridges. Large Mills in Dis- 
tance. Falls in Foreground. 

7. Minn., Minneapolis. Mississippi 
Steamer Loading. Gang Plank. Mer- 
chandise on Wharf. 

8. Minn., Interior of a Mississippi 
Steamer. Looking Down Grand Saloon 
or Hall Way. Chairs and Tables. State- 
rooms on Sides. 

9. Minn., Minnehaha Falls. 

10. Minn., Old Fort Snelling. Ivy- 
Covered. Battlements. 

11. Minn., Mississippi River. Fort 
Snelling, Situated on Bluffs Over-look- 
ing the River. 

12. Minn., St. Paul. Street View. 



13. Mont., Missouri River. Great 
Kails. Steep Bank on Left. 

14. Io., Council Bluffs. Panorama 
River in Distance. 

15. Neb., Omaha. Bridge over River. 
Factories and ^Warehouses in Fore- 
ground. % 

16. Mo., St. Louis. Levee from 
Bridge. Steamers. Wharf Boats. Grain 
Elevator in Distance. 

17. Cutting Drift Wood on Mis- 
sissippi River Wharf Boat. Stern-Wheel 
Steamer Beyond. Men in Foreground 
Chopping and Sawing Wood. 

18. Ohio, Cincinnati. Suspension 
Bridge. Steamers. Buildings in Distance- 

19. Tenn., near Memphis. Mississippi 
River Looking South. Bridge in Dis- 
tance. Snow on Ground. Wharf. 

20. Ark., Arkansas River at Little 
Rock. Bridge over River. Buildings in 
Distance. Cattle in Foreground. Sand 
Bank. 

21. La., New Orleans. Ferryboat. 
Teams on Boat. City in Distance. 

22. La., New Orleans. Ocean Steamer 
"Milton" Loading Cotton at Levee. 

23. La., Swamp. Trees Dying. 

24. La., A Bayou on the Tchfunctcha 
River. Man in Boat in Foreground. 

25. Delta of the Mississippi. Show- 
ing Passes Cut Through Deposit. 



LESSON 1665. 
VOLCANOES, EARTHQUAKES AND GEYSERS. 



1. Vertical Section of Volcano. Illus- 
trates Cone, Crater, Fissures, Parasitic 
Cones, Rock Bed, etc. 



2. A Volcano in Eruption, Liparian 
Is., near Sicily. 



140 



3. Crater of the Largest Volcano in 
the World. Kilauea, Hawaii, After a 
Collapse. 

4. Crater of the Largest Volcano in 
the World. Fissures. Kilauea, Hawaii. 

5. Silver Sword Plant Growing in 
Mouth of Old Crater. Illustrates Fertil- 
ity of Lava when Disintegrated by- 
Moisture. 

6. Lava Flowing Over High Bank. 
Commencement of Flow, Hawaii. 

7. Lava Flowing over High Bank. 
A few minutes later. Hawaii. 

8. A Lava Cave with Lava Sta- 
lactites ami Stalagmites. Hawaii. 

9. Mt. Vesuvius. Crater and Hard- 
ened Lava Stream. 

10. Mt. Vesuvius — Lava Flow of 
1ST3. 

11. Excavated Forum of Pompeii 
with Vesuvius in the Distance. 

12. Best Preserved House in Pompeii 
Recently Excavated. Peristyle. 

13. A Volcanic Neck. Wyoming. 

14. Diagram of Concentric Earth- 
quake Waves. Relation of Earthquakes 
to Volanoes. 

15. Japanese Earthquake 1891. 
Buildings in Ruins. 



16. Japanese Earthquake 1891. Set- 
tling of Earth Under Bridges. 

17. Japanese Earthquake 1891. Dis- 
torted Railroad Track. 

18. Former Volcanic Region. Gey- 
sers. Old Faithful before Eruption. Yel- 
lowstone National Park, Wyo. 

19. Old Faithful Geyser in Eruption. 
Yellowstone National Park, Wyo. 

20. Old Faithful Geyser. The Last 
Spurt. Yellowstone National Park, Wyo. 

21. Old Faithful at its Height. 

22. Cone Yellowstone Lake. 

23. Spike Geyser. Yellowstone 
National Park. Spike or Cone Form- 
ed by Mineral Deposits Held in 
Solution by Hot Water. 

24. Past Volcanic Action — Fingal's 
Cave, Scotland. Basaltic Columns. 

25. Mt. Vesuvius — Eruption of Fire 
and Smoke. 

26. Mt. Pelee in Eruption. 

27. Lava Bed. 

28. Martinique — Mt. Pelee in Dis- 
tance. 

29. Martinique, the Ruined City 
toward the Bay. 

30. Martinique, Remains of an 
Elaborate Entrance. 



LESSON 1666. 
GLACIERS PAST AND PRESENT. 



1. Snow Fields, Swiss Alps. 

2. The Matterhorn, Swiss Alps. 
Illustrates How the Snow Slips Down 
the Steep Sides of the Mountains and 
Accumulates in the Valleys. 

3. Rhone Glacier. Illustrates How 
Gravity and Partial Melting Cause 
Glaciers to Move Down Inclined Slopes 
of Valleys. Stream Issuing from Foot 
of Glacier is Source of Rhone River. 

4. Vietsch Glacier, Switzerland. 
Illustrates Lateral and Central Mo- 
raines. The Latter Formed by the Meet- 
ing and Union of Two Glaciers. 

5. Near View of a Central Moraine, 
Bowdoin Glacier, Greenland. Huge 
Boulders Carried by Glaciers. 

6. Crevasse in Glacier. Allows 
Large Boulders to Drop to Bottom of 
Glacier. How These Grind and Scar the 
Rocks. 

7. A Forest Being Buried by an Ad- 
vancing Glacier. Muir Glacier, Alaska. 

8. A Glacier that Ends in the Sea. 
Ice Front of Muir Glacier, Alaska. 

9. How Icebergs are Formed. Ice 



Front of Greenland Glacier. Blocks of 
Ice Detached and Floating away. 
Picture on Left Shows Proportion of 
Iceberg Above and Under Water. 

10. A Near View of an Iceberg. 
Large Fissures or Rents. Reflection in 
Water. 

11. Map of Former Glaciated Area 
of North America. Laurentian Glacier. 

12. A Morainic Lake. Pike's Peak, 
Col. 

13. An Ancient Moraine that Came 
Down to Nearly the Level of the Sea, 
Scotland. 

14. Dolphin's Back. A Form of Gla- 
ciated Rock. Scotland. 

15. Wave Cut in Ancient Moraine. 
Cape Ann, Mass. 

16. A Drumlin near Meriden, Conn. 
A Morainic Hill. 

17. Boulders Deposited by Old Gla- 
cier, Vt. Used to Construct Walls. 

18. Glaciated Rock, "Big Stone of 
Cluny," Scotland. 

19. Pot Holes in Post Glacial Gorge. 
Watkin's Glen, N. Y. 



141 



20. How Pot Holes Were Formed. 23. 
A Miniature Whirlpool, Scotland. 24. 

21. Red River Valley Plain. N. D 25. 
A Very Fertile Plain Once the Bottom 26. 
of a Glacial Lake. Wheat Farm, Har- 27. 
vesting. 28. 

22. Muir Glacier — Lateral View. 



Rhone Glacier. 
Rhone Crevasse. 
Mer de Glace, 
Grindelwald Ice Cave. 
The Matterhorn. 
Aletsch Horn — Jungfrau. 



LESSON 1667. 



THE UPHEAVAL OF THE LAND. 



Mountains, Plateaus, Mountain Val- 
leys, Etc. 

1. Relief Map of North America. 
Illustrating Past and Present Move- 
ments of Earth's Crust— Rising and 
Sinking Coasts — Young and Old Mount- 
ains. Plateaus. 

2. Shriveled Apple to Illustrate 
the Origin of Certain Mountain Ranges 
Resulting from Shrinkage of the In- 
terior of the Globe. 

3. Typical Drowned Coast Line. 
Numerous Islands. Irregular Outline. 
Bermudas. 

4. Typical Raised Beach. Flat Sur- 
face Even Outline. St. Kilda, Scotland. 

5. Shale Rock Containing Brachio- 
pods (See Shell Fish) Found at Ithaca. 
N. Y. Illustrates Uplift of Sea Bottom. 

6. Shale Rock. Horizontal Strata. 
Illustrating Even Uplift of Sea Bot- 
tom. Ithaca, N. Y. 

7. A Chalk Plateau. Horizontal 
Strata, Even Uplift. Hastings, England. 

8. Inclined Strata. Illustrates Un- 
even Uplift. Orkney Is. 

9. Rock Layers Standing on End. 
Utah. Illustrates Uneven, Perhaps Vio- 
lent Uplift. 

10. Folded Rock-Layers, Anticline. 
Canada. Illustrates Uneven Uplift. 

11. A Plateau Region that has been 
Re-elevated. Also Illustrates the Cut- 
ting Power of Water. Diagram of Inner 
(Younger) and Outer (Older) Gorge of 
Colorado River. 



12. A Plateau Region that has been 
Re-elevated. Upper Cataract Creek, 
Near Big Canon of the Colorado. Ariz. 

13. A Limestone Plateau, Australia. 
Illustrating Even Uplift and Subse- 
quent Carving by Erosion. 

14. Section of a Volcano in Action. 
Illustrating Violent Upheaval of 
Earth's Crust and How a Volcano 
Forms Its Cone. 

15. An Active Volcano. Mt. Vesuvius 
in Eruption. 

16. Ash and Lava Cone. Volcanic 
Neck (Small Protuberance on Side 
where Lava Tried to Force its Way). 
Mt. Vesuvius. 

17. An Extinct Volcano. Mt. Shasta, 
Cal. 

18. A Mountain Range of Volcanic 
Origin. Snowy Range. Andes Mount- 
ains. 

19. A Mountain Cascade. Illustrating 
How Mountains are Worn Away. Also 
Illustrates Syncline. 

20. Mt. St. Gothard. Partly Covered 
with Snow. Illustrates How Mountains 
are Worn Away by Action of Ice, Snow, 
etc. 

21. A Peak of the Himalayas. Illus- 
trates Young, Unworn Mountains. 
High, Rugged, Cloud-Girted. 

22. The Alleghenies, Penn. Illus- 
trates Old, Worn Down Mountains. 
Comparatively Low. Tree Covered, with 
Soft Rounded Outlines. Fertile Valleys 
at Base Formed by Disintegrated Rocks. 



LESSON 1668. 



THE WEARING AWAY OF THE LAND. No. 1. 



Agencies: Changes in 
Glaciers, Wind, Waves, 
Ground Water. 

1. Diagram Showing 
Down of What Was Once a Mountain- 
ous Region to a Comparatively Level 
Plain. 



Temperature, 
Surface and 



the Wearing 



2. Vertical Section of Vermillion 
Cliffs, Utah, Showing Resistance of 
Harder Rocks to Erosive Agents. 

3. Work of Plants in Breaking Up 
Rocks. Roots Splitting Shale. N. Y. 

4. Weathering of Granite Boulders. 



142 



Smooth Rounded Outlines. Graniteville, 
Mo. 

5. Rocks Worn By Wind Blown 
Sand. Col. 

6. Pinnacle in Kanab Canon, Col , 
Illustrating Resistance of Harder 
Rocks. 

7. Undercutting in Horizontal 
Rocks. Cliff Dwellings, Ariz. 

8. Bay Eroded by Sea in Slate Beds 
Scotland. 

9. An Overhanging Sea Cliff, Ork- 
ney Islands. 

10. Cave eroded by the Wind in a 
Sand Hill. Arid Climate, Ariz. 

11. Talus Cones, Wyo. 

12. Great Talus Cone in Valley of 
Chamounix. Viewed from a Spur of Mt. 
Blanc. 

13. Alluvial Fan. Waterfall. Bergen, 
Norway. 

14. Snow Fields and Glacier. Alps. 

15. Crevasse in Glacier. Allows 
Large Boulders to Drop to Bottom of 
Glacier. How These Grind and Scar 
the Rocks. 

16. Rock Scarred by Action of Past 
Glacier. Iowa. 



17. Plateau Region Carved by Action 
of Water and by Weathering. 

18. Au Sable Chasm, N. Y. Illus- 
trating Cutting Power of a Stream with 
Very Little Weathering of Sides. 

19. Grand Canon of the Colorado. 
Illustrating Power of Stream. Little 
Weathering of Sides Owing to Dry 
Climate. 

20. An Almost Level Region That 
Was Once Mountainous, Peneplain, 
Mass. 

21. Section Showing Formation of 
Caverns in Limestone. Effect of Under- 
ground .. ater. 

22. Entrance of Underground River. 
Eng. 

23. Stalactites and Stalagmites. 
Manitou, Grand Cavern. Col. 

2 4. Stalactites and Stalagmites 
Forming Solid Pillars. Jenolan Caves. 
Australia. 

25. Natural Bridge. Virginia. Form- 
ed by Action of Underground Water. 

26. Lower End of Niagara Gorge at 
Escarpment. 

27. General View of the Yahtse 
Gravel Delta. 



LESSON 1669. 
THE WEARING AWAY OF THE LAND. No. 2, 



Agencies: Changes in Temperature, 
Glaciers, Wind, Waves, Surface and 
Ground Water. 

1. Diagram Illustrating the Wear- 
ing Down of What Was Once a High, 
Rugged Mountain Region to a Lower 
Level. Resistance of Harder Rocks. 

2. Action of Frost in Splitting and 
Jointing Rocks. 

3. Work of Plants in Breaking Up 
Rocks. Roots Splitting Granite. Mo. 

4. Weathered Sand Stone. Soft, 
Rounded Outlines. Col. 

5. Cathedral Spires. Col. Illustra- 
ting Resistance of Hard Rocks to 
Weathering. 

6. Eroded Sand Stone. Weathering 
of Rocks Not Equally Hard Through- 
out. 

7. Unconformity in Wind-Blown 
Sand. Strata at Different Angles. Ber- 
mudas. 

8. Island Pierced Through With 
Blow Holes. Orkney Islands. 

9. Temple Half Buried by Sand 
Blown From Desert. Egypt 



10. Stacks of Duncasby. Scotland. 
Illustrating Resistance of Hard Rocks 
to Wave Action. 

11. Talus on Side of Mountain. N. M. 

12. Castle in Danger of Landslip. 
Ireland. 

13. Alluvial Fan. Placer Mine. Mont. 

14. Earth Columns. Illustrating Ac- 
tion of Surface Water. N. M. 

15. Plateau Section Carved by Ac- 
tion of Running Water and Weathering. 
Point Sublime. Grand Canon. Ariz. 

16. Crand Canon of the Colorado. 
Ariz. Illustrating Cutting Power of 
Stream. Little Weathering of Sides 
Owing to Dry Climate. 

17. Work of Glaciers. Monte Rosa. 
Swiss Alps. Moraine. 

18. Boulders Deposited by an Old 
Valley Glacier. Cal. 

19. Fields of Residual Clay. Grind- 
ing Up of Rocks Produces Soil. Fer- 
tile Hillsides. Va. 

20. Action of Underground Water. 
Porosity in Limestone Rock Due to So- 
lution. 



143 



21. Sink-hole in Limestone Cave Re- 
gion. Ky. 

22. Stalactites and Stalagmites. 
Manitou Grand Cavern. Col. 

23. Stalactites and Stalagmites. 
Forming Solid Pillars. Luray Cavern, 
Va. 



24. Vertical Section of a Region 
Containing Artesian Wells. Well Spout- 
ing at Surface. 

25. Natural Rock Bridge — Virginia. 



LESSON 1670. 



THE ZONES. No. 1. 



1. Map of Western Hemisphere. 
Locate Zones. 

(a) Frigid Zone. 

2. Snow and Ice-Covered Mountain. 
Mt. St. Elias from West. Alaska. 

3. Open Sea. Iceberg. 

4. Ship Caught in Ice. Off Capo 
Hooper, Greenland. 

5. Men With Sleigh and Dogs. 
Greenland. 

6. An Eskimo of Eta Close. Green- 
land. 

7. Eskimo Child Dressed in White 
Fur. Greenland. 

(b) Temperate Zone. 

8. Avenue of Elms, Yale College, 
Conn. Typical Foliage. 

9. Extensive Grain Fields. Grain 
Piled in Stacks. Washington. 

10. Giant Rose Bush in Bloom. Cal- 
ifornia. 

11. Shepherd and Dog Tending Flock 
of Sheep. France. 

12. Cow. 
Horse. 
Deer. 
Trees Covered With Ice and 



13. 
14. 
15. 



Snow. Winter in Temperate Zone. 



Sub-Tropical Belt. 

16. Cotton Pickers, La. Negro Chil- 
dren in Cotton Fields. 

17. Picturesque Negro Cabin, Ga. 
Log Cabin. Group in Doorway. 

18. Mahogany Tree, Bermuda* Is- 
lands. 

19. A Tropical Jungle. Palm Beach. 
Florida. 

fc) Torrid Zone. 

20. Native Hut Raised From Ground: 
Thatched Roof. Palm Trees. Costa Rica. 

21. Cactus Tree and Native Hut. 
Guatemala. Rush or Grass Curtain 
Hangs from Roof. Native in White 
Cotton Costume. 

22. Street Scene. Natives in Cos- 
tume. Roof Gardens on Right. Assuit, 
Egypt. 

23. Carib Indians of the Upper 
Orinoco Valley, Venezuela. Scant Cos- 
tumes. 

2 4. Desert of Sahara. Camping in 
the Desert. Sand Dunes. 

25. "Ship of the Desert." Camel With 
Park and Riders Resting. Egypt. 

26. Royal Bengal Tiger in Captivity. 

27. Lion in Captivity. 



LESSON 1671. 



THE ZONES No. 2. 



(a) Frigid Zone. 

1. The Midnight Sun. North Cape. 

2. Among the Ice-Floes. Icebergs in 
Distance. . 

3. Small Danish Settlement. 
Noaswak, Greenland. 

4. Ships on the Ice at Upernevlk. 
Northernmost Danish Settlement in 
Greenland. 

5. Two of the Danish Governor's 
Children. One has String of Dead Birds. 

6. Four Native Eskimo Girls. 

7. Eskimo Dogs. Tent Covered With 
Skins, and Eskimos in Distance. 

8. Seal on Ice. 



9. A Young Polar Bear in a Barrel. 
(b) Temperate Zone. 

10. Typical Scenery. Forest Trees. 
Peak of Ben A'an in Distance. Scotland. 

11. A Woodland Scene. Rude Bridge 
Over Stream. Yorkshire, England. 

12. View of Farm Yard. Cattle. 

13 Winter in Temperate Zone, 
Icicles on Trees. 

14. Elk in Captivity. Fairmount 
Park. Philadelphia. 

15. Hampshire Down Sheep. 

16. Sheep Ranch in Desert. Utah. 

17. Shepherd Dog. 

18. Prairie Dog. 



144 



19. Whip-pOor-Will. 

.Sub-Tropical Belt. 

20. Orange Grove. Trees with Fruit. 
Jacksonville. Fla. 

21. Cutting Sugar Cane. Women in 
Field. La. 

22. Making Palmetto Hats. Woman 
Weaving Hat by Hand. Child near by. 
Palm Beach, Fla. 

Torrid Zone. 

23. Palms and Huts near Las 
Palmas. Temasopo Canon. Mexico. 

24. Native Hut Raised from Ground. 
Roof Thatched with Banana Leaves. 
U. S. of Colombia. 



25. Forest with Ferns. Australia. 

26. National Palace. City of Mex- 
ico. Balconies. Large Windows. Trop- 
ical Plants. 

27. Roof Dwellings. Mexico. 

28. Caravan Crossing the Desert. 
Dead Camel in Foreground. 

29. Palm Trees. Canoe Loaded with 
Bananas. Natives. Children in Fore- 
ground. Costume Very Scant. Fiji Is- 
lands. 

30. Tiger Roaring, 
i Asiatic Lion. 



LESSOX 1672. 



ELEMENTARY PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 



1. Map of Asia in Relief. Illus- 
trates Forms of Land and Water; 
Lakes, Islands, Peninsulas, Mountain 
Ranges, River Basin, Divide, etc. 

2. Folded Rock Layers, Md. Illus- 
trates Upheaval of Earth's Crust* 

3. Mt. Vesuvius. Lava in Fore- 
ground. Illustrates Violent Upheaval of 
Earth's Crust. 

4. The Damming of a Valley by 
Lava, Forming Two Lakes. Cal.* 

5. Japanese Earthquake. Buildings 
in Ruins. Relation of Earthquakes to 
Volcanoes. 

6. Grand Geyser. Yellowstone Park. 
Another Illustration of Internal Heat 
of Earth. 

7. Pulpit Terraces, Yellowstone 
Park Formed by Deposit of Mineral 
Matter Held in Solution by Hot Water.* 

8. Aletsch Glacier. Switzerland. 
Sixteen Miles in Length. Illustrates the 
Grinding and Wearing Away of Mount- 
ains by Ice and Snow.* 

9. Talus Slope, Devil's Lake, Rocky 
Mis. Illustrates Erosion.* 

10. Sand Dune on the Shore of Lake 
Michigan. Action of Wind and Water 
in Building up Land.* 

11. Dune Covered Forest .Being Un- 
covered Again. Cape Ann, Mass. Action 
of Wind. 

12. Wind Blown Sand, Showing 
Stratification. Bermudas. 

13. Petrified Trees. Yellowstone Park. 
Wyo. 



14. Deep Gorge Cut by a Rapidly 
Flowing Stream. Niagara River. Falls 

>i stance. 

15. American Falls from Goat Is 
land, Niagara. 

16. A Wide and Comparatively Shal- 
low River Valley, X. Y.* 

17. A Wide, Shallow and. Very Fer- 
tile River Valley. Vale of Monteith, 
Scotland. Farms. Buildings. 

IS. Natural Bridge. Yellowstone 
Park. Illustrates Work of Underground 
Water.* 

19. Islands on Maine Coast. Illus- 
trates Sinking Coast.* 

20. Promontory on Maine Coast* 

2 1 . Bass Head, Me. High and Rocky 
Coast. Light House.* 

22. Bay of Rio Janeiro. Dyke In 
Granite. Illustrates Bay. 

23. A X'orwegian Fiord.* 

24. Sandy Hook. New Jersey. Build- 
ing up of a Bar by Contrary Currents.* 

25. Great Barrier Coral Reef, Aus- 
tralia. Work of Animals in Building up 
Land.* 

26. Sea Shore View. Morning. Sun 
Reflected in Water. Flat Sandy Beach. 
Bathers. Bath House on Wheels. 

27. Sea Shore View. Rocky Coast. 
Waves Dashing Against Rocks. 

28. Mid-Ocean View. Quiet Weather. 
Sunset on the Atlantic. 

29. Dissolving — Frost King. 

* From Xatural Advanced Geography 



145 



LESSON 1673. 



ELEMENTARY GEOLOGY. 



1. Crust of the Earth. Circle Show- 
ing Relative Thickness of Crust Com- 
pared to Interior Mass. 

2. Relief Map of Europe. Showing 
Appearance of Surface of Earth's Crust. 

3. Segment of Earth's Surface, 
Showing Curvature, and Relative Height 
of Mountains Compared to the Whole 
Mass. 

4. Diagram of Geological Ages, 
viz.: Eozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic Ce- 
nozoic and Psychozoic. Also the Periods 
when the Various Forms of Vegetable 
and Animal Life First Appeared and 
their Relative Extent. 

5. Vertical Section of Earth's Sur- 
face across Region of Alps. Shows the 
Upheaval of Rock Layers and the Work 
of Erosion in Uncovering Some of the 
Lower Strata. 

6. Vertical Section of Canon of the 
Colorado. Shows How the Water has 
Cut a Deep Gorge through the Rock 
Layers that Form Earth's Crust. Low- 
est Rock Exposed is Granite. 

7. Pinnacle in Canon of the Col- 
orado, Showing Resistance of Harder 
Rocks to Erosive Agents. 



8. Moran's Point, Near Grand Canon 
of the Colorado. Shows Action of Water 
in Cutting Rocks thus Exposing Rock 
Layers. 

9. Fossil Ferns. Evidence of Vege- 
table Life in Past' Geologic Ages. 

10. Fossil Footprints of Birds. Some 
Large, Others Small. Evidence of Ani- 
mal Life in Past Geologic Ages. 

11. Skeleton of Tinoceras — Extinct 
Animal. 

12. The Mammoth, Restored. Extinct 
Mammal. 

13. Ichthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus and 
Pterodactyl, Restored. Extinct Reptiles. 

14. Pterichthys, Coceostes, and 
Cephalaspis. Skeletons and Shells. Ex- 
tinct Fishes Found in Devonian or Old 
Red Sandstone Formation. 

15. Trilobites, Crinoids, and Am- 
monites. Extinct Sea Animals whose 
Shells are Found in Various Geologic 
Strata. 

16. Orbulina. 

17. Skeleton of Iguanoden. 



LESSOX 1674. 

ATMOSPHERIC AGENTS AND PHENOMENA. 

Wind, Heat Clouds, Rain, Ice, Electricity. 



ICE, ELECTRICITY. 

1. Circulation of Atmosphere. Dia- 
gram of Earth Showing Belts of Pre- 
vailing and Variable Winds and Calms. 

2. Map Showing July Isobars and 
Prevailing Winds. 

3. Map Showing January Isobars 
and Prevailing Winds. 

4. A Tornado at Sea. A Waterspout. 

5. Storm Waves Beating against a 
Granite Coast. Shipwreck. 

6. Wind-blown Sand Dunes. Cape 
Ann, Mass. 

7. A Tornado on Land. Effects of 
Cyclone on Lafayette Park, St. Louis, 
May 27, 1896. 

8. A Tornado on Land. Effects of 
Cyclone on Residences near Lafayette 
Park, May 27, 1896. 

9. Effects of Sun's Heat on the 
Matterhorn — Melting of Snow. 

10. Effect of Sun's Heat on Water 



Cumulus. 

-Stratus. 

Clouds — Strato — 



in Warm or Moderate Climates — Evap- 
oration, Formation of Clouds. 

11. Classes of Clouds — Cirrus and 
Cumulus. 

12. Classes of Clouds 

13. Classes of Clouds 

14. Classes of 
Cumulus. 

15. Sunset Clouds (Colored). 

16. Sunset Clouds (Colored). 

17. Map of the Two Hemispheres 
Showing Distribution of Rainfall. 

IS. Vermilion Cliffs, Utah, Illustra- 
ting Erosion of Earth's Surface by At- 
mospheric Agents. 

19. Ice and Snow Effects. Frost on 
Larches. 

20. Ice and Snow Effects. December 
at the Docks. 

21. Ice and Snow Effects. Ice Flow- 
ers on Moritz Lake, Switzerland. 

22. Ice and Snow Effects. Ice Flow- 



146 



ers and Hoar Frost on the River Inn, 
Switzerland. 

23. Sheet and Forked Lightning. 

2 4. Flash of Lightning in Woods. 

25. Electrical Storm. Coast. Sailing 
Vessel. 



26. Franklin and His Kite. Identifi- 
cation of Lightning with Electricity. 

27. Opening Clouds — (Colored). 

28. Lightning — (Dissolving Only). 



LESSON 1675. 
AGRICULTURE, OR OUR BREAD, AND HOW WE GET IT. 



1. Three Great Cereals. Wheat, 
Oats and Rye. 

2. Map of United States. Showing 
Wheat Area. 

3. Plowing. Small Farm. Two 
Horses Pull Plow while Farmer Guides 
It. 

4. Plowing. Gang Plows. Red River 
Valley Farm, N. D. 

•">. Harrowing. Small Farm. Two 
Horses Pull Harrow While Farmer 
Guides It. 

6. Harrowing. Long Row of Har- 
rows. Red River Valley Farm, X. D. 

7. Sowing. By Hand. Small Farm. 

8. Sowing (Drilling). Red River 
Valley Farm, N. D. 



9. Reaping. Small Farm. Ordinary 
Reapers. 

10. Reaping. Self-Binders. Red River 
Valley Farm, N. D. 

11. Threshing. Horse Power. Small 
Farm. 

12. Threshing. Steam Thresher. ReJ 
River Valley Farm, X. D. 

13. Loading Grain. Tacoma, Wash. 
11. The Flour Mill. Small Mill, Run 

by Water Power. 

15. Pillsbury Flour Mills, Minneapo- 
lis. Minn. Largest Flour Mills in the 
World. * 

16. The Bake House. 

17. Bread Ready for the Oven. 

18. The Oven. 

19. Baker's Shop. 



LESSON 1676. 



TEA AND COFFEE. 



1. Coffee Tree in Blossom. Costa 
Rica. 

2. Drying Coffee. Background of 
Palms. Mexico. 

3. Natives Sorting Coffee. Costa 
Rica. 

4. Tea Plantation. 

5. Clearing an Old Tea Plantation. 

6. Pruning Tea Plants. 

7. Picking Tea. 

8. X T atives Weighing Tea in Large 
Baskets. 

9. Fermenting Tea. 

10. Tea in Large Ovens during Fir- 
ing Process. 

11. Withering. Tea Spread on Large 
Racks. 



12. Pressing. Machines in Operation. 

13. Sorting Tea through Large 
Sieve. 

14. Packing. Weighing Tea. Packing 
Tea in Boxes. Boxes of Tea in Back- 
ground. 

15. Shipping Tea. Boxes of , Tea be- 
ing Loaded on Ship by Means of Der- 
rick. 

16. Tea Shop and Warehouse. 

17. The Tea Table. Interior of House. 
Children at Table. Mother Pouring Tea.* 

18. Tea House and Garden. Japan. 
Xatives in Costume. Jinrikisha in Fore- 
ground (Xative Two-Wheeled Carriage 
Pulled by One or Two Men. 



LESSOX 1677. 
COAL MINING OR UXDERGROUXD LIFE. 



1. Vegetable Origin of Coal, Lig- 
nite, Peat, etc. Lake Filling up with 
Vegetation. Adirondacks. 

2. Peat and Peat Mosses. England. 

3. Cutting Peat in Xew Jersey. 



4. Forest of the Coal Period. An 
Imaginary View. 

5. General View of Colliery. Power 
House, Shafts, etc. 



147 



6. Mouth of Shaft. Tracks. Empty 
Cars being Placed in Elevator. 

7. Bottom of Shaft. Elevator with 
Two Stories. Miners with Lamps. Coal 
Car in Right Corner. Electric Lights. 

S. Undercutting Coal. Miners Work- 
ing Prostrate on Ground. 

9. Cutting the Bottom Layers of 
Coal. Miners Standing. Working with 
Pickaxes. 

10. Cutting Top Coal. Miner on Lad- 
der 

11. Drilling with a Machine. 

12. Loading Large Coal. 



13. Fixing Short Timber Props. 

I I. fixing Long Timber Props. 

15. Effect of. Pressure on Masonry 
and Timber. Mine Threatens to Cave 
In. 

16 Haulage by Horses. 

1 7. Testing for Gas. 

18. Intrusion of Basalt in Coa). Part 
of Wall with Veins of Basalt. 

19. Limestone Mining. Showing Pil- 
lars of Stone Left as Props. 

20. Underground Stables. 

21. Meal-time Underground. 



LESS OX 1678. 



COTTON. 



1. Map of United States, Showing 
Cotton Area. 

2. Among the Cotton. Negroes in 
Field. La. 

3. Topsy among the Cotton. La. 
Little Colored Girl. 

4. Home of a Cotton Picker. Miss. 
One-Story Cabin. 

5. Bringing in the Cotton. Storing it 
in Log House. La. 

6. A Cotton Gin. Exterior of Rude 
House. Boiler Under Shed. 

7. Cotton Press Yard. Cotton 
Tacked in Bales New Orleans, La. 

8. Cotton at Railroad Station. Pack- 
ed in Bales. 

9. Cotton Levee. Ready for Ship- 
ment. Ocean Steamer. Mississippi River. 
New Orleans, La. 



10. Cotton Factory. Fall River, 
Mass. (Iron Mills) Steam Power. 

11. Cotton Factory. Cotton House. 
Fall River, Mass. 

12. Cotton Factory. Rear. Covered 
Bridge Connecting Buildings. Fall 
River, Mass. 

13. Cotton Factory. Carding Room. 
(English Cards). Fall River, Mass. 

1 4. Cotton Factory, Carding Room. 
Fall River, Mass. 

15. Cotton Factory, Spinning Room. 
Fall River, Mass. 

16. Cotton Factory. Weaving Room. 
Fall River, Mass. 

17. Cotton Ready for Sale. Interior 
Wholesale House, St. Louis. 



LESSON 1679. 
MANUFACTURE OF PLATE GLASS. PITTSBURG PLATE GLASS CO. 



Casting Plate Glass. 

Rolling Plate Glass. 

Storing the Hot Rolled Plate. 

Carrying Rough Plate Glass. 

Grinding the Rough Plate Glass. 



6. Polishing the Ground and Smooth 
Plate Glass. 

7. Carrying the Finished Glass. 

8. Looking for Defects and Cutting 
Plate Glass. 



LESSON 1680. 



SILK AND HOW WE GET IT. 



9. 
coon. 



How Silk Worms are Reared. 
Gathering Mulberry Leaves. 
Branch of Mulberry Tree. 
Worms Eighteen Days Old. 
Transferring the Worms. 
Worms Eating. 
Position in Molting. 
Worm Suspended by Its Silk. 
Worm Preparing to Form Its Co- 



10. Worm Nearly Hidden from View. 

11. Completed Cocoon. 

12. Bundle of Straw in Which Worms 
Have Spun their Cocoons. 

13. Moths Emerging from Cocoons. 

14. Moths and Empty Cocoons. 

15. Preparing Cocoons for Reeling. 

16. Silk Reeling Machines. 



148 



LESSON 1681. 
MANUFACTURE OF LINEN. 



1. Flax Plant. Flowers, Buds, 
Leaves. 

2. Spinning Mill. Exterior. Field of 
Flax in Foreground. 

3. Bale of Rough Flax. 

4. "Striking Up." Separating the 
Flax into Handfulls so as to be More 
Easily Handled. 

5. Spinning Frame. 

6. Spinning" Wheel. Old Fashioned 
Method. 

7. Reeling Machine. Girls at Work. 



Reels and Squeezing 



8. Washing 
Machine. 

9. Bleaching Yarn on Grass. 

10. Lorry with Load of Yarn. 

11. Warping. 

12. Jacquard Loom. 

13. Damask Hand Loom. 

14. Inspecting Cloth. 

15. Damping Machine. 

16. Hydraulic Mangle. 

17. Bale of Linen under Pressure. 

18. Bale of Linen Ready for Export. 



LESSON 1682. 



LUMBERING AND MINING. 



1. 


Map of United States. Forest 


Area. 




2. 


Felling Trees in Maine. Winter. 


3. 


Logging Camp. ■ Teams. Crew 


Maine 




4. 


Schooner Loading Mahogany 


Logs. 


Mexico. 


5. 


Booming Timber Over a Dam. 



Kinnickinnick Falls, Wis. 

6. Log Jam. New Brunswick. 

7. Timber Raft. Canada. 

8. Butting Timber. Ottawa, Canada. 

9. Timber Slide. Ottawa, Canada. 

10. A Backwoods Saw Mill. Washing- 
ton. 

11. Pioneer Saw Mills, Driven by 
Water Power. Minneapolis. Rapids of 
St. Anthony. 



12. Lumber Stacks. Canada. 

13. Map of United States. Iron Area 

14. Map of United States. Coal Area 

15. Train Coming out of a Coal 
Mine. Mauch Chunk, Pa. 

16. Coal Miner's Cabin. Pa. 

17. Gold Mine. Underground. Men at 
Rest. Australia. 

18. Panning. Alluvial Gold Diggings. 
Australia. 

19. Gold Nuggets. Mont. 

20. Melting Gold. Assay Office. Hel- 
ena, Mont. 

21. Natural Oil Well. Linesville, Pa. 
Shed over Machinery. Forest. 

2.2. Oil Derricks. McDonald, Pa. 

23. Cleared Land — Adirondacks. 

24. Placer Mining near Dawson City. 



LESSON 1683. 
HUNTING FISHING AND HERDING. 



1. Hunters' Camp. Canada. Even- 
ing. Men Sitting around Camp Fire 
Smoking. Pine Forest in Background. 
Tent on Right. 

2. Hunting in the Arctic Regions. 
Eider Ducks in Water. 

3. Snaring Eider Ducks. Net 
Stretched across Field. 

4. A Day's "Bag." Game Piled on 
Deck. 

5. Hunting the Buffalo on a West- 
ern Prairie. Indian Shooting Buffalo 
with Bow and Arrow. 

6. Hunting the Buffalo. Dead Buf- 
falo in Foreground. Hunter Standing 
Near. Horse in Background. 



7. Family of Seal on Shore. Sum- 
mer Scene in Alaska. 

8. A Drove of Seals Being Driven 
to the Killing Ground. St. Paul, Alaska. 

9. Drying Seal Skins. Rude House. 
Skins Stretched on Frames. Some Fold- 
ed and Resting on Horizontal Bars. 
Woman Sitting near House. 

10. "Making off" Walrus Skins. 
Scene on Deck of Ship. Men Stripping 
Skins off Walrus. 

11. Whaling. Whalebone Hanging on 
Deck. Men Standing Near. 

12. Going Out to Sea. Men in Sail 
Boats. Fishing Village in Distance. 
Newfoundland. 



149 



13. A Catch. Fish in Foreground. 
Group of Men. Boats in Background. 
Newfoundland. 

14. Salting Fish. Men Rubbing Salt 
on Fish. Fish Spread Out to Dry. New- 
foundland. 

15. Drying Fish. Fish Spread in 
Rows to Dry. Men at Work. Hills in 
Background. Newfoundland. 

16. Forking Out the Catch. Man in 
Boat Fishing with Pronged Pole. 
Houses in Distance. Newfoundland. 

17. Salmon Fishing. Columbia River. 
Man Fishing with Net. Another Has 
a Club in Hand Ready to Strike Fish 
when it Rises. Rocky Stream Bed. 
Rapids. 

18. Salmon in Cannery. Fish Spread 
on Lattices to Drain. Astoria. Oregon. 

19. Trout Fishing. Men Fishing with 
Line and Pole. Trout Caught Spread on 
Bank. Yellowstone Park. 



20. Sharks Captured at Barbados. 
Scene on Shipboard. Jamaica. 

21. Indians Catching Wild Horses. 
Indian in Foreground Has Dismounted 
and is Lassooing Wild Horse. Snow- 
capped Mountains in Distance. 

22. Horse Ranch. Showing Buildings, 
Pastures, Hay Stacks, Wind Mill to 
Draw Water from Well. Horses in Pad- 
docks. Mountains in Distance. 

23. Sheep Ranching Scene. Large 
Flock of Sheep Feeding in Pasture. Men 
on Horses in Background. Alberta, Can- 
ada. 

24. Branding Cattle. Two Men Hold 
Calf While One Brands it with Hot 
Iron. Alberta, Canada. 

25. Round Up. Cow Boys on Horses. 
Texas. 

26. Wild West Butcher Pen. Cow 
Boys, Some on Donkeys. Rack with 
Pulleys to Hoist Carcasses for Dress- 
ing Horns and Skulls in Foreground. 



LESSON 1684. 



ASTRONOMY. 



1. Sun Spots. Their Appearance at 
Different Times. Showing Changes. 

2. Saturn and His Rings. Top View. 

3. Jupiter and His Moons Seen from 
the Earth. Partial Eclipse of Jupiter 
by one of His Moons. 

4. Apparent Direct and Retrograde 
Motion of Venus and Mercury. Also 
their Stationary Appearance. (Rack- 
work.) 

5. The Eccentric Revolution of a 



Comet Around the Sun and the Appear- 
ance of Its Tail at Different Points 
of its Orbit (Rackwork). 

6. Donati's Comet. 

7. Orion and Neighboring Con- 
stellations. 

8. Visible Heavens from January 
21st to April 17th. 

9. Visible Heavens from November 
1st to January 28th. 



LESSON 1685. 
ASTRONOMICAL GEOGRAPHY. 



1. The Solar System, Showing the 
Revolution of all the Planets with their 
Satellites around the Sun. (Rackwork). 

2. The Earth's Rotundity, Proved by 
a Ship Sailing Round the Globe and a 
Line Drawn from the Eye of an Ob- 
server placed on an Eminence. (Rack- 
work). 

3. The Diurnal Motion of the Earth, 
Showing the Rising and Setting of the 
Sun, Illustrating the Causes of Day and 
Night by the Earth's Rotation upon its 
Axis. (Rackwork). 

4. The Earth's Annual Motion 
Around the Sun, Showing the Parallel- 



ism of its Axis Producing the Seasons. 
(Rackwork). 

5. Diagram Showing Position of 
Earth in Relation to Sun during Dif- 
ferent Months and Seasons of the 
Year. Equinoxes. Solstices. 

6. A Characeristic Spring Scene. 
Pear Trees in Bloom near Kirkwood, 
Mo. 

7. A Characteristic Summer Scene. 
Hay-making. Hay Field. Wooded Bluff. 

8. A Characteristic Autumn Scene. 
Sugar Creek near Kirkwood, Mo. Trees 
Bare of Leaves. Grassy Bank. Chil- 
dren Crossing Stream. 



150 



A Characteristic Winter Scene. 
Forest Park. Birch Trees in Distance 
Covered with Ice and Snow. Oak Trees 
on Right. Heavy Snow on Ground. 

10. Annual Motion of Earth Around 
Sun, Moon Revolving Around Earth 
Showing Monthly Lunations. (Rack- 
work). 



11. The Various Eclipses of the 
Moon — Partial, Total and Annular. 
(Rackwork). 

12. The Various Eclipses of the Sun 
— Partial and Total. (Rackwork). 

13. Partial Eclipse of the Sun, May, 
1900. View Taken in St. Louis. 



LESSON 1686. 
ASTRONOMICAL DIAGRAMS. 



1. Rotundity of the Earth Proved 
by Ship Sailing Around the Globe. Line 
Drawn from Eye of an Observer on an 
Eminence. (Revolving). 

2. 1. Signs of the Zodiac Arrang- 
ed in Circle around the Sun. Orbits of 
Mercury, Venus and the Earth Shown. 
2. The Solar System. Sun in Center. 
Orbits of Mercury, Venus, the Earth, 
Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. The Earth 
is Shown in Four Different Positions 
Corresponding to the Four Seasons. 3. 
Spring Tides, Earth, Moon and Sun. 
The Last two in Conjunction. 4. 
Spring Tides. Earth Moon and Sun. The 
Last two in Opposition. 

3. 1. Neap Tides. Earth, . oon and 
Sun. Last two at Right Angles to Each 
Other. 2. Constellation of Orion, the 
Hunter, (a) Figure of Hunter, (b) Ar- 
rangement of Stars in Constellation. 3. 
Ursa Major, the Great Bear. Figure of 
Bear. 

4. 1. Comet of 1811. 2. Comet of 
1680. 3. The Solar System According 
to Ptolemy, Earth in Center, with Sun, 
Moon. Planets and Stars Revolving 
around It. 4. The Solar System Ac- 
cording to Pythagoras and Copernicus. 
Sun in Center with Mercury, Venus, the 
Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn Re- 
volving around It. 

5. 1. The Solar System According 
to Tycho Brahe. Earth in Center with 
Sun, Moon and Stars Revolving Around 
It. Around Sun Revolve Mercury, Venus, 
Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. 2. Solar 
System According to Newton. Like the 
Copernican or Pythagorean, with the 
Addition of Two More Planets (Uranus 
and Neptune) and Comets with Eccen- 
tric Orbits Revolving Around the Sun. 
No Special Reason for Calling it New- 
tonian. 3. Shadow Cast by the Earth 
if the Latter Were Larger than the Sun. 
4. Shadow Cast by the Earth if the 
Latter Were Same Size as Sun. 



6. 1. Shadow Cast by the Earth. 
Latter is Many Times Smaller than the 
Sun. 2. Total Eclipse of the Moon. 
Latter is Supposed to be in Earth's 
Shadow and is Consequently Invisible. 
::. Total Eclipse of the Sun. 4. Orbit 
of the Moon with Relative Position of 
the Sun and Principal Planets. 

7 Eclipses of the Moon. 1st Partial 
Small Portion of Moon's Disk is 
Covered by Earth's Shadow. 2nd Par- 
tial — Moon's Disk Almost Entirely 
Covered. 3rd Total — Moon's Disk En- 
tirely Covered. 

8. Eclipses of the Sun. 1st Partial 
— Small Part of the Sun's Disk Cover- 
ed by Moon's Disk. 2nd Partial — One- 
Half of Sun's Disk Covered. 3rd Total 
— Sun's Disk Entirely Covered. 

9. Phases of the Moon. i. View 
in Mid-Ocean. Moonlight. Moon's Face 
Partly Hidden by Clouds. Two Sailing 
Vessels. 2. Moon's Disk Full Moon — 
Irregularities of Moon's Surface Shown. 
3. Half Moon. 4. Crescent Moon. 

10. 1. Moon's Phases. Earth, Sun 
and Moon's Orbit with Moon in Eight 
Different Positions Showing Various 
Phases. 2. Sun's Disk. Different Sizes 
Due to Different Distances at Which 
it is Viewed. 3. Phases of Mercury 
— Full, Half and Crescent. 4. Phases 
of Venus. Full, Half and Crescent. 

11. 1. Mars. Red Disk Shewing Ir- 
regularities of Surface. 2. Four As- 
teroids and Part of Their Orbits. 3. 
Jupiter and Its Four Moons. 4. Saturn 
and Its Seven Moons. Oblique View of 
Rings. 

12. 1. Saturn and Its Seven Moons. 
Edge View of Rings. 2. Uranus and 
Its Six Moons. 3. Neptune and Its 
Two Moons and Ring. 4. The Orbit 
of a Comet. 

13. The Starry Heavens. Stars of 
Different Magnitude. Nebulae. The 
Milky Way. 



151 



LESSOX 1687. 
ASTRONOMY. 



1. Halley's Comet on the Bayeaux 
Tapestry. 

2. Diagram of the Orbit of Halley's 
Comet. 

3. Halley's Comet as it Appeared 
in 1835. 

4. Tycho Brahe and his Observa- 
tory. 

5. Diagram showing Kepler's Law 
of Equal Areas. 



6. A Chronograph. 

7. Diagram showing How to Find 
Height of an Object above a Table. 

8. Diagram Showing how to find 
the Distance of a Body from the Earth. 

9. Lick Observatory. 

10. Lord Rosse's Telescope. 

11. View of the Full Moon. 

12. View of the Moon past Last 
Quarter. 



LESSON 1688. 
ELEMENTARY BOTANY. 



1. , Parts of a Plant. Leaf, Root, 
Flower, etc. 

2. Various Forms of Germination. 

3. Various Forms of Roots. 

4. Banyan Tree. 

5. Mangrove Swamp. 

6. Buds and Leaves — Various 
Forms. 

7. Flowers and Inflorescence. 

8. Stamens and Pistils. 

9. Chickory and Calliopsis — Flow- 
ers. 

10. Exogenous Structure. Germi- 
nation Leaves, Section of Trunk, and 
Stem. 

11. Deciduous Trees, Oak Tree, 
Leaves. Sections of Trunk and Stem. 

12. Evergreen Trees, Fir Tree, 
Leaves, Flower, Fruit. 



13. Anenome, Rue Flowers and 
Leaves. 

14. Spring Beauty, Flowers and 
Leaves. 

15. Buttercup. Flowers and Leaves. 

16. Black-eyed Susan. Flowers and 
Leaves. 

17. Poison Ivy. Spray of Leaves. 

18. Apple Blossom. Flowers and 
Leaves. 

19. Dandelions. Flowers, Leaves, 
Fruit. 

20. Red Sumach. Fruit and Leaves. 

21. American Holly. Fruit and 
Leaves. 

22. Willow (Cat-tails). Stalk and 
Fruit. 

23. Lily Pond — Victoria Regia, Tower 
Grove. 

24. Endogenous Structure. 



LESSON 1689. 

SOME PLANTS AND TREES USED AS FOOD, CLOTHING, MEDICINE, IN 

BUILDING, ETC. 



1. Strawberry. Flower, Fruit and 
Leaves. 

2. Almond. Flower, Fruit and 
Leaves. 

3. Vanilla. FloWer and Leaves. 

4. Cocoa. Flower, Fruit and Leaves. 

5. Coffee. Flower, Fruit and Leaves. 

6. Railroad through Coffee Forest, 
Temasopo Canon, Mexico. 

7. Pine Apple. Fruit. 

8. Peruvian Bark. Flowers and 
Leaves. (Medicinal). 

9. Moth Mullein Flower and Leaves. 
(Medicinal). 

10. Tobacco. Flower and Leaves. (In- 
jurious). 



11. Pulque or Maguey Plant, Mexico. 
(Injurious). 

12. Garden in New Mexico. Showing 
Manner of Cultivating Small Plants. 

13. Picking Cotton in Louisiana. 
Negroes. 

14. Sugar Cane Fields. Louisiana. 
Planting Rice. Japan. 
Rice Fields. Japan. 
A Large Oak Tree. 
Mahogany Tree. Bermuda Is- 



15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 
lands. 

19. 

20. 
fornia 



Cedar Avenue. Bermuda Islands. 
Pepper Tree. Santa Barbara, Cali- 



152 



21. Orange Tree (with >—**+> Rock- 25. Date Palm, Africa. 

ledge, Florida. ' 26. Fig Tree, Bahama Islands, 

22. Lemon Tree (with fruit), Pasa- Nassau. 

dena, California. 27. Bread Fruit Tree, Bahama Is- 

23. Banana Tree (with fruit), Palm lands, Nassau. 

Beach, Florida. * 28. Rubber Tree. Bermuda Islands. 

24. Group of Cocoanut Palms. Ber- 
muda Islands. 



LESSON 1690. 
SOME AMERICAN MUSHROOMS. 



1. Morchella Bispora. 13. 

2. Polyporus Sulphureus. 14. 

3. Lactarius Volemus. 15. 

4. Woods Inkcap Coprimus A tram- 16. 
entarius Variety Silvestris. 17. 

5. Amanita Verna. 18. 

6. Amanitopsis Strangulata. 19. 

7. Clavoria Pyxidata. 20. 

8. Clavoria Coronata. 21. 

9. Hydnum Coralloides. 22. 

10. Boletus Felleus. 23. 

11. Boletinus Porosu:*. 24. 

12. Lycoperdon Gemmatum. 25. 



Lycoperdon Cruciatum. 
Lycogola Epidendrum. 
Peziza or Sarcoscypha Coccinea. 
Cordoceps Militoris. 
Geoster Minima. 
Geoster Hygrometricus. 
Geoster Soccatus. 
Cortinarius Violaceus. 
Sclerotium Tuberosa. 
Crucibulum Vulgaris. 
Omphallia Campanella. 
Sarcoscypha Floccosa. 
Amanita Rubescens 



LESSON 1691. 
SOME AMERICAN TREES. 



1. Exogenous Structure. Germi- 
nation Leaves. Section of Trunk. 

2. White Pine.* 

3. White Pine. Spray of Leaves. 
Cones. 

4. Fine Tree. Norfolk Island, Santa 
Barbara, Cal. 

5. Fir Tree. 

6. White Oak.* 

7. Black Oak. Yellow Bark Oak.* 

8. Mammoth Live Oak, Jacksonville, 
Florida. 

9. Chestnut Oak. Spray and Acorn's. 

10. American Elm. White Elm.* 

11. Locust.* 

12. Butternut Hickory.* 

13. Willow. Osier.* 



14. Cedar Tree. 

15. Red Maple. Swamp Maple.* 

16. Sugar Maple. Rock Maple.* 

17. Hard Maple. Spray of Leaves 
(Autumn Foliage.) 



Chestnut Tree. 

Horse Chestnut.* 

Horse Chestnut. Spray of Leaves. 

White Ash.* 

Ash. Spray of Leaves. 

Lombardy Poplar.* 

Poplar Leaved Birch. White 



18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
Birch.* 

25. Birch Tree. 

26. Hoar Frost on 
* Show Spray of 

Trunk, Entire Tree. 



Birch Trees. 
Leaves, Bark 



of 



LESSON 1692. 

TWELVE COMMON EUROPEAN TREES, WITH BUDS, FLOWERS AND 

SEEDS. 

Colored Slides. 



1. Locust. 

2. White Birch. 

3. Black Poplar. 

4. Ash. 

5. "" Horsechestnut. 

6. Alder. 



7. Sycamore Maple. 

8. Large-leaved Linden. 

9. Common Spruce 

10. White Fir. 

11. Evergreen or Holly Oak. 

12. English Walnut. 



153 



LESSON 1693. 



(a) Mammals. 

1. Baby Camel. 

2. Camel with Bedouin, 
for Desert Journey. 

3. Hippopotamus. 

4. Reindeer. 

5. Giraffe. 

6. Brown Bear. 

7. Polar Bear. 

8. Vampire Bat. 

9. Seal. 

(b) Birds. 
Bird of Paradise and I 
Baltimore Oriole. Nest. 
Virginia Owl. 
Kingfishers (Fishing). 
Ruffed Grouse. 



10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 





15. 


Blue Jay. 




16. 


Imperial Eagle. 


Equipped 


17. 


Green Parrot. 




18. 


Humming Birds. 




19. 


Pelicans. 

(c) Reptiles. 




20. 


Alligator. 




21. 


Bull Frog. 




22. 


Rattlesnake. 




23. 


Boa Constrictor. Keeper has Him 




Woun 


id About His Neck. 

(d) Fishes. " 


due Gail. 


24. 


Shark. 




25. 


Flying Fish. 

(e) Insects. 




26. 


Harlequin Beetle. 



LESSON 1694. 
ANIMALS THAT ARE OUR FRIENDS. 



1. Ducks in Stream. Overhanging 
Foliage. 

2. Geese in Water. Foliage. 

3. Cock Crowing. Hen. 

4. Ducklings in Water. Hen on 
Bank Anxiously Watching Them. 

5. Turkeys. 

6. Blackbirds in Nest. 

7. Ewe and Two Lambs. 

8. Goat and Two Kids. 

9. Farmyard. Cows. 

10. Cows in Stream. Summer. 

11. Jersey Cow. 

12. Donkey. Boy Seated in Saddle. 
Lasso. 



13. Three Mares and Foal. Pasture. 

14. Horse and Ox Drawing Plow. 
Man Guiding. 

15. A Famous Race Horse, "St. Si- 
mon." Stables. 

16. At the Smithy. Shoeing a Horse. 

17. Shetland Ponies. Mountain Scen- 
ery. 

18. A* Playful Kitten. Dead Leaves 
Strewn on Ground. 

19. Mastiff. 

20. Collie and Two Pups. 

21. St. Bernard Dog. Child. 



LESSON 1695. 
A VISIT TO A MENAGERIE. 



1. Camel. 

2. Dromedary. 

3. Llama. 

4. Group of Elks. 

5. Moose. 

6. American Buffalo. 

7. Black-tailed Deer. 

8. White Deer. 

9. Polar Bear. 

10. Brown Bear. Climbing 
11. 



Pole. 



White or Common Pelican. 



12. Iguanas. 

13. Giraffes. 

14. Hippopotamus. 

15. Great Kangaroo. 

16. African Elephant. 

17. Mountain Lion. 

18. Wild Cat. 

19. Leopard. 

20. Lion. 

21. Royal Bengal Tiger. 

22. Chimpanzee. 



154 



LESSON 1696. 
AMERICAN HISTORY. PROM 1492 TO 1682. 



1. House in which Columbus was 
Born. Genoa, Italy. 

2. Landing of Columbus, 1492. 
Takes Possession of Country in the 
Name of Ferdinand and Isabella. 

3. Landing of Columbus. 

4. Balboa Discovering the Pacific. 
Flag of Castile in His Hand. 

5. Cortez Conquering Mexico. Aztec 
Buildings in Distance. Spaniards In 
Armor. 

6. Cortez Subduing Mutiny in His 
Army. Indian Captives. 

7. Cortez destroying his ships — Op- 
posing Human Sacrifice. 

8. Burial Place of Cortez. Interior 
of Church of Jesus, City of Mexico. 

9. De Soto Discovering the Mis- 
sissippi, 1521, Indians Wigwams, Can- 
non in Foreground. 

10. Burial of De Soto in the Mis- 
sissippi. Moonlight. 

11. Marquette Sailing down the 
Mississippi. Indian Guides. Birch Bark 
Canoes. 

12. La Salle Taking Possession of 
Louisiana in the Name of French King. 
Column with Anns of France. 

13. Landing at Jamestown, 1607. 
Cavaliers. 

11. Smith Rescued by Pocahontas, 
1607. 

15. Maxriage of Pocahontas, 1613. 

16. Landing of Henry Hudson, 1609. 

17. View of Hudson. West Point. 
Battery in Foreground. 

18. Embarkation of Pilgrims from 
Holland, 1620. 



19. The Mayflower, 1620. Mid-Ocean. 
Rough Weather. 

20. Compact of Pilgrims on Board 
the Mayflower. 

21. Landing of Pilgrims, 1620. May- 
flower in Distance. 

22. Embarkation of the Pilgrims. 

23. Landing of the Pilgrims. 

24. Plymouth Rock Covered with 
Granite Canopy. Harbor, Plymouth, 
Mass. 

25. Puritans' First Sunday in Amer- 
ica. Snow. Log Fire. Sentinel in Dis- 
tance. 

26. Puritans Going to Church. Snow. 
Forest. Armed Men Leading. 

27. March of Miles Standish against 
Indians. Friendly Indian Guide Lead- 
ing. 

28. John Alden and Priscilla. Inte- 
rior of a New England Home. Priscilla 
is Spinning. 

29. Bridal Procession of John Alden 
and Priscilla. See Longfellow's "Miles 
Standish." 

30. Landing of Roger Williams. In- 
dians Present Pipe of Peace. 

31. Settlement at Jamestown. 

32. Gov. Stuyvesant Destroying 
Summons of English to Surrender. 

33. Panorama of New York. Brook- 
lyn Bridge. 

34. Penn's Treaty with the Indians, 
1682. Exchanging Goods for Land. 

35. View in Philadelphia, Pa. Inde- 
pendence Hall. Exterior. 



LESSON 1697. 



COLONIAL HOMES. 



1. The "Pines" where Jefferson was 12. 
married. 13. 

2. Home of the Washingtons. wich. 

3. The Home of the Fairfaxes. 14. 

4. Gov. Berkeley's Residence. Ipsw 

5. A Typical Log Cabin. 15. 

6. Slave Quarters. 16. 

7. Gen. Nelson's Residence, York. 17th. 
S. Col. Wm. Byrd's Residence, 17. 

Westover. IS. 

9. The oldest house in New Eng- tury. 

land, 1633. 19. 

10. Gov. Bradford's House. 20. 

11. The Curtis House, 1639. 1765. 



The Bridgham House, 1640. 

The Whipple House, 1639. Ips- 
, Mass. 

Rev. Nath. Roger's House, 1727. 
ich, Mass. 

King-Hoofer House, 1754. 

An Ancient House, Long Island, 
Century. 
* A House of 1668, N. Y. 

The Remsen House, 17th. Cen- 

Gov. Dongan's House, N. Y. 1889. 
The old Schuyler Manor. Albany, 



155 



21. The Van Rensselaer Manor 
House, 1765. 

22. A Cane Dwelling-, Philadelphia, 
1683. 

23. First Brick House in Philadel- 
phia, built by Penn. 



24. The Home of the first Mayo; 
(Shippen), Philadelphia, 

25. Gov. Markham's House, 1697. 

26. Burt Hill Manor, Home of Gov. 
Hamilton, 1714. 

27. The Fairman Mansion, 1702. 



LESSON 1698. 
COLONIAL, FURNITURE. 



1. Candle Moulds. 

2. Candle Dipping, 

3. Silver Snuffers. 

4. Betty Lamps. 

5. Old Pewter Lamp. 

6. Room C furnished) Whipple 
House. 

6. Room (furnished") in Whipple 
House. 

8. Typical Oak Table, 1650. 

9. Pewter Spoon and Spoon Mould. 

10. Butterfly Table, 1700. 

11. Porringer. 

12. Chest with Drawers, 17th Cent. 

13. Olive-wood Chest, 17th. Cent. 

14. Corner Cupboard, 17th Cent. 



15. Corner Cupboard with Table- 
ware, New Fngland, 1740. 

16. Leather Chair, 1660. 
Dutch Chair, 1710 
Dutch Chair. 1740. 
New England Kitchen, 1650. 
Colonial Kitchen Furnished, 



17. 
18. 
19. 

20. 
Mass. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 



Rush bottom Chairs, 17th Cent. 
Turned Chairs, 17th. Cent. 
Turned Chair, 17th. Cent. 
Potato Boiler, 17th Cent. 
Old Tinware. 17th. Cent. 
Skillet, etc.. 17th. Cent. 
Old Clocks, 1720. 



LESSON 1699. 



COLONIAL COSTUMES. 



1. Baby's Go-cart, 17th. Cent. 

2. Child's Dress, 1670. 

3. Child's Dress, 1700. 

4. Boy's Suit, 1784. 

5. Child's Shoes, 17th. Cent. 

6. Group of Children, 1754. 

7. Slashed Sleeves, 1730. 

8. Lady's Dress, 17th. Cent. 



9. Doublet, 17th. Cent. 

10. Falling Neck band, 17th. Cent. 

11. Beaver Hat, 162 5. 

12. Silk Hood, 17th. Cent. 

13. Dutch Costumes, 17th. Cent. 

14. Dutch Costumes. 17th. Cent. 

15. Dutch Costumes. 

16. Dutch Woman's Dress. 



LESSON 1700. 
AMERICAN HISTORY. FROM 1755 TO 1899. 



1. Braddock's Defeat, 1755. Wash- 
ington Leading the Virginia Troops 
against the Indians. English Regulars 
on Left in Red Coats. Virginia Troops 
on Right in Blue. 

2. Gen. Wolfe Climbing Heights of 
Abraham. 

3. Death of Gen. Wolfe, 1759. Bat- 
tlefield. 

4. Death of Gen. Montcalm, 1759. 
Battlefield. 

5. Wolfe and Montcalm Monument. 
Quebec. 

6. Patrick Henry Addressing the 
Virginia Legislature, 1765. 



7. The Spirit of '76. Interior of a 
Colonial Home. Young • Man Being 
Equipped for Battle. 

8. Boston Massacre, 1770. British 
Regulars Firing on Citizens. 

9. Boston Tea Party, 1773. Men Dis- 
guised as Indians Throwing Tea Over- 
hoard. Moonlight. 

10. Scene of Boston Tea Party. Long 
Wharf. Boston, Mass. 

11. Battle of Lexington, 1775. Major 
Pitcairn Gives Order to Fire. Several 
Americans Fall Wounded. 

12. Battle Monument. Lexington, 
Mass. 



156 



13. Struggle on Concord Bridge, 1775. 
Continental Troops Driving British Be- 
fore Them. 

14. Retreat of British From Con- 
cord, 1775. Village in Distance. 

15. Capture of Fort Ticonderoga, 

1775. Ethan Allen Demanding Com- 
mander to Surrender. 

16. Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga. 

17. Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775. 
Death of General Warren. 

18. Sergeant Jasper Saving Flag at 
Defense of Fort Moultrie. 

19. Washington with Picked Men 
Crossing the Delaware to Trenton, 1776. 
Winter. Ice in River. From Picture in 
Metropolitan Museum, N. Y. 

20. Declaration of Independence, 

1776. Committee of Five Led by Jef- 
ferson and Franklin Presenting Docu- 
ment to John Adams, the Chairman. 

21. Independence Hall, Philadelphia. 
Interior. Room Where Declaration Was 
Signed. 

2 2. Settlement of Western States. 
Daniel Boone Rescuing His Daughter 
From Indians, 1776. 

23. Surrender of Burgoyne, 1777. 
Burgoyne Handing Sword to General 
Gates. 

2 1. Action of "Serapis" and "Bon 
Homme Richard," 1778. Night Vessels 
on Fire. The "Alliance" Treacherously 
Fires on the "Richard." 

25. Treason of Arnold. Andre and 
Arnold Conferring. 

26. Capture of Major Andre, 1780. 
Papers Found in His Boots. Three 
Americans. 



27. Scene of Andre's Capture. Monu- 
ment near Tarrytown, N. Y. 

2S. Surrender of Cornwallis, 1781. 
General O'Hara, Sent by Cornwallis, 
Is Delivering Sword to General Lincoln, 
Who Represents Washington. 

29. Franklin at the French Court. 
Brilliant Costumes of Ladies and 
Courtiers. Plainness of Franklin's At- 
tire. 

30. Battle of New Oilcans. General 
Jackson Directing His Men Behind the 
Intrenchments. 

31. Defense of the Alamo. Colonel 
Bowie on Cot in Doorway. David 
Crockett Brandishing Knife in Fore- 
ground. Mexicans in High -Peaked Hats. 

32. The Alamo, San Antonio, Tex. 

33. Henry Clay Addressing the 
Fnited States Senate. 

3 4. Combat Between the Monitor 
and the Merrimac. The Latter Is 
Sheathed with Iron Rails. Confederate 
Flag at Her Bow. Monitor Flies the 
Federal Flag. Revolving Turret. 

35. Birds-eye View of Bombardment 
of the Forts of Santiago. Spanish Fleet 
Inside. 

36. Entrance to Santiago Harbor. 
Morro Castle, Cuba. 

37. Defence of Fort Moultrie. 

38. Washington Crossing the Dela- 
ware. 

39. Surrender of Cornwallis — 1781. 

40. Inauguration of Washington. 
II. Star Spangled Banner. 

4 2. Star Spangled Banner. 

13. First R. R. Train. N. Y. State. 
1830. 

! I. First Steamboat — 1807 



LESSON 1701. 



LIFE OF WASHINGTON. 



1. Portrait of Washington by 
Stuart. 

2. The Cherry Tree Incident. 

3. Young Washington as a Peace- 
maker. 

4. People of Winchester Appealing 
to Washington 

5. Washington as a Surveyor. Set- 
ting up His Instruments. Assistants. 
Forest. 

6. Washington at Fort Du Quesne. 
Salutes British Flag. English Troops. 
Highlander. 

7. Courtship of Washington. Mrs. 
Custis and Her Children. 



8. Marriage of Washington. 

9. Washington on His Way to the 
First Congress. 

10. Washington Taking Command of 
the Army. Pine Tree Flag and Bunker 
Hill Flag Carried by Troops. 

11. Washington's Prayer at Valley 
Forge. Officers Around Fire in Distance. 
Snow on Ground. 1777. 

12. Washington and Congress at Val- 
ley Forge. 

13. Washington's Headquarters. Val- 
ley Forge, Pa. Exterior. 

14. Washington as Commander-in- 



157 



Chief of Continental Army. General's 
Costume. White Horse. 

15. Bringing the News of the Sur- 
render of Cornwallis. Night. People 
Aroused by Messenger. All Classes 
Represented. 1781. 

16. Washington Entering New YorK 
at Head of His Army. 

17. Washington and His Generals. 
IS. Washington Taking Leave of 

His Generals at New York, Washington 
in Boat Waves His Hat to Generals on 
Pier. 

19. The Inauguration of Washing- 
ton, New York City. 

20. Washington's Last Interview 
with His Mother. 



21. Washington's Mansion From the 
Gate, Mt. Vernon, Va. 

22. Rear of Mansion, Mt. Vernon, 
Va. 

23. Old Pohick Church, Mt. Vernon, 
Va., Where Washington Worshipped. 

24. Lafayette at Mt. Vernon, 1782. 
View on Veranda. The Potomac in the 
Distance. 

25. Lady Washington's Reception. 
Brilliant Costumes. Powdered Hair. 

26. Last Moments of Washington. 
Small Upper Room at Mt. Vernon. 

27. Tomb of Washington. The Sar- 
cophagus, Mt. Washington, Va. 

28. Portraits of George and Martha 
Washington. 



LESSON 1702. 

PORTRAITS OF MEN FAMOUS IN CONNECTION WITH AMERICAN 

HISTORY. 



1. Cnristopher Columbus. 

2. Washington. 

3. Benjamin Franklin. 

4. Patrick Henry. 

5. Thomas Jefferson. 

6. Alexander Hamilton. 

7. William Pitt. 



8. Lafayette. 

9. Paul Revere. 

1 0. Daniel Webster. 

11. Gen. Stonewall Jackson. 

12. James A. Garfield. 

13. Wm. McKinley. 

14. Theodore Roosevelt. 



LESSON 1703. 
PORTRAITS OF VARIOUS EDUCATORS, AUTHORS AND- INYKNTORS. 



1. Wm. T. Harris. 

2. F. L. Soldan. 

3. H. W. Longfellow. 

4. R, W. Emerson. 

5. Alfred Tennyson. 



6. Robert Burns. 

7. W. C. Bryant. 

8. Thomas Edison. 

9. Alex. Graham Bell. 



LESSON 1704. 
LIFE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 



1. Birthplace of Lincoln. 

2. Lincoln on a Flat Boat. 

3. Lincoln a Woodchopper, Study- 
ing at Noon. 

4. Lincoln's Debate with Douglas. 

5. Lincoln Raising the Flag at Inde- 
pendence Hall. 

6. Lincoln's First Inauguration. 

7. Lincoln Visiting Soldiers in Hos- 
pital. 



8. Lincoln Reading of Emancipation 
Proclamation. 

9. Lincoln's Speech at Gettysburg. 

10. Lincoln's Visit to Richmond. 

11. Assassination of Lincoln. 

12. Death-bed of Lincoln. 

13. Portrait of Lincoln. 



158 



LESSON 1705. 
LIFE OF GEN. U. S GRANT 



1. Birthplace of U. S. Grant. 

2. Lieut. Grant Aiming a Cannon. 
Battle of Chapultapec. 

3. Capture of Ft. Donaldson. 

4. Maj. Gen. Grant's charge at Bat- 
tle of Shiloh. 

5. Siege of Vicksburg, Miss. 

6. Grant's Triumphal entry into 
Vicksburg. 



7. Capture of Petersburg, Va. 

8. Surrender of Lee. 

9. Taking the Oath, Second Inau- 
guration of Grant. 

10. Cottage. Mt. McGregor, N. Y. 

11. Death-bed of U. S. Grant. 

12. Allegory — Let Us Have Peace. 

13. Portrait of U. S. Grant. 



LESSON 1706. 

PORTRAITS OF MEN— FAMOUS IN CONNECTION WITH HISTORY OF. 

EUR »PE, 



1. Oliver Cromwell. 

2. Frederick the Great. 

3. Napoleon Bonaparte. 

4. Bismarck. 



5. Emperor William II. 

6. Czar of Russia. 

7. Edward VII. 



LESSON 1707. 
HISTORIC STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE. 
Egyptian, Greek and Roman. 



No. 1. 



ia) Egyptian. 

1. Pyramid of Chephren, near Cairo. 
Smooth Casing Preserved on Upper 
Portion. 

2. Rock Cut Tombs at Beni Has- 
san. Proto-Doric Columns at Entrance. 

3. Mummy Case Covers. Higuly 
Decorated. Gizeh Museum, Cairo. 

4: The Temple of Fdfu. Best Pre- 
served Egyptian Temple. Exterior. 
Front and One Side. Pylon. Open Court 
with Colonnade. 

5. Ruins of Temple at Kalabsheh 
Flat Roof. Massive Outer Wall Un- 
broken by Doors or Windows. Barren 
Sandy Waste Stretches Off in the Dis- 
tance. 

6. Colonnade in the Great Hall of 
Columns at Karnak. Columns Resemble 
Bundles of Reeds Tied Together. 
(Origin of Columns). Massive Blocks 
of Stone in Architrave. 

7. Architrave. Capitals and Por- 
tions of the Shafts of Colonnade of 
Temple at Esneh. Remainder of Shafts 
Buried in the Sand. Capi.tals Shaped 
Like the Open Lotus Flower, with Palm 
Leaf Ornamentation in Relief. 

8. Unfinished Obelisk in Quarry at 
Assuan. Shows How Obelisks Were Cut 
Out of the Solid Rock in One Piece. 



9. Colossal Portrait Statue of 
Amenople III. near Thebes (the "Vocal 
Memnon" of the Greeks), 
(b) Greek. 

10. Lions' Gate. Mycenae. Massive 
Masonry (cyclopean) Rude Forms of 
Lions over Gateway. Pre-historic Greek 
Art. 

11. Ruins of Ancient Doric Temple 
at Corinth. (Compared with Proto- 
Doric Columns at Beni Hassan). High 
Rocky Hill in Background. 

12. The Parthenon. West Front. Illus- 
trates Constructive Members of Greek 
Temple, viz: Pediment, Entablature, 
Colonnade and Stylobate, and Their 
Sub-divisions. Doric Order. Finest Ex- 
ample. 

13. West Frieze of Parthenon in 
Place. 

14. Temple of Theseus. Athens. Best 
Preserved Greek Temple. Doric Order. 

15. Sculpture Decoration in Corners 
of Greek Pediment. Archaic Period. 
Shows How They Adapted Figures to 
Suit the Space. 

16. The Erectheum. Acropolis, 
Athens. West Front With Portico of 
the Caryatides on South Side. Ionic 
Order. 

17. Temple of Nike (Victory), Aero- 



159 



polis, Athens. Ionic Order. Decorated 
Frieze. 

18. Choragic Monument of Lysi- 
crates, Athens. Corinthian Order. Mod- 
ern Greek Buildings in Background. 

(c) Roman. 

19. Square House at Nimes, France. 
Corinthian Order. Shows How the 
Romans Made Use of the Greek Temple 
Style. 

20. The Pantheon. Rome. Round, 
Domed Building With Greek Portico. 
Latter Has Corinthian Columns. Egyp- 
tian Obelisk in Foreground. 

21. The Coliseum, Rome. Exterior. 
A Typical Roman Amphitheater. Ex- 
terior Decorated with Doric Ionic and 
Corinthian Pilasters. Meta Sudas or 
Gladiators', Fountain in Foreground. 

22. Arch of Titus, Rome. A Roman 



Triumphal Arch of the Best Period. 
Corinthian Columns. Reliefs on In- 
terior of Arch. 

23. Arch of Constantino, Rome. Co- 
rinthian Columns. Difference in Merit 
of Sculptured Decoration; the Best 
Taken from Destroyed Arch of Trajan. 
Coliseum on Right in Background. 

24. Arch of Triumph, Paris. Erected 
by Napoleon I in Imitation of Roman 
Emperors. 

25. Forum of Trajan, Rome. Columns 
of Ruined Basilica in Foreground. 
Triumphal Column in Trajan with 
Spiral Ornamental Band. Modern Church 
and Buildings in Background. 

26. Basilica of Constantine, Rome. 
Great Arches. Middle One Ends in 
Apse. 



LESSON 1708. 

HISTORIC STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE. No. 2. 

Early Christian, Me liaeval and Modern. 



(a) Early Christian. 

1. Church of San Apollinare. Nuovo 
Ravenna. Exterior. Vestibule, Campanile 
or Bell Tower. Elevation of Nave. Plain 
Exterior, Developed from Roman 
Basilica. 

2. Church of San Clemente, Rome. 
Exterior. A Modified Early Christian 
Basilica. General Plan is Ancient. De- 
tails Comparatively Modern. 

3. San Clemente, Rome. Interior. 
Pulpits and Choir Railing Date from 
Fourth Century. Mosaics in Apse. Col- 
umns and Ceiling are Modern. 

(b) Mediaeval. 

4. Byzantine Style. Church of St 
Sophia. Constantinople. Great Dome and 
Half Domes. Plain Exterior. Minarets 
Added by Mohammedans. 

5. Byzantine Style. Church of St. 
Sophia. Interior. Great Central Space 
Covered by Dome and Half Domes. 
Mosaics Concealed by Whitewash. 
Arabic Mottoes from Koran Substituted. 
Beautiful Columns. 

6. Mohammedan Style. Mosque of 
Mahomei Ali, Cairo, Egypt. Exterior. 
Developed from Byzantine. (Compared 
with St. Sophia). 

7. Mohammedan Style. Mosque of 
Sultan Hassan, Cairo, Egypt. Interior. 
Beautiful Arabesques on Wall. Moorish 
Arches in Windows. 



8. Italian Byzantine Style. St. 
Mark's Church, Venice. Facade, Greek 
Cross Ground Plan. Domes. Colonnade. 
Mosaics. Gothic Pinnacles Added Later, 
Gorgeous Color. 

9. Romanesque Style. Cathedral of 
Speyer, Germany. Exterior. Square 
Towers. Round Arches. Small Windows. 
Apse. Double Transept. Simple and Dig- 
nified Effect. 

10. Romanesque Style. Cathedral of 
Speyer. Interior. Round Arched Ceiling. 
Simple Cross Vaulting. Massive Piers 
Ornamented with Simple Engaged Col- 
umns. 

11. Romanesque Style. (Norman). 
Cathedral of Durham, England. Massive 
Square Towers. Battlements. Round 
Arches. 

12. Romanesque Style. (Norman). 
Cathedral of Durham. Interior. Round 
Arches. Simple Cross Vaulting. Massive 
Round Columns Alternating with Piers. 
Zig-zag Ornamentation. Choir Screen. 
Rose Windows. 

13. Gothic Style. (French). Cathe- 
dral of Chartres. Exterior. Pointed 
Arches. Buttresses. Rose Window. 
Spires. (The Plainer One is Earlier). 
Transept. 

14. Gothic Style. (French). Cathe- 
dral of Amiens. Exterior. Best Period 
of Style. Beautifully Decorated. ("Bible 



160 



in Stone." Same Features as in Cathe- 
dral of Chartres. Spires Unfinished. 
Slender Spire at Intersection of Nave 
and Transept. 

15. Gothic Style. (French). Cathe- 
dral of Amiens. Interior. Pointed Arch- 
es. Vaulted Roof. Clustered Columns. 
Polygonal Apse Filled with Stained 
Glass. Triforium. Lofty Nave. 

16. Gothic Style. (French). Cathe- 
dral of Rheims. Exterior. (Finest Gothic 
Facade in the World). Beautifully Pro- 
portioned. Sculpture Decoration. Towers 
not Crowned with Spires. (Unfinished). 

17. Gothic Style. (French). Cloister 
of St. Michael. Double Row of Gothic 
Arches and Columns. Delicate Pro- 
portions. 

18. Gothic Style. Cathedral of Co- 
logne, Germany. (French Model). In- 
terior from N. E. Completely Developed 
Example of Style. Apse. Trai 
Spires, Buttresses, etc. 

19. Gothic Style. Cathedral of Co- 
logne. Interior Looking Toward Apse. 
Same Features as in Amiens Catl 

20. Gothic Style. Portal of the Cathe 
dral of Freiburg. Pointed Arch. Sculp- 
tured Figures. 

21. Gothic Style. (English). Lincoln 
Cathedral. Exterior. Square Towers. 
Massive Square Tower at Intersection 
of Nave with Transept. Lack of But- 
tresses. Length Compared to Height. 

22. Gothic Style. (English). Cathe- 
dral of York. Interior. Fan Vaulting. 
Apse Ends in a Vertical Wall Filled by 
One Large Stained Glass Window. 
Choir Stalls of Carved Wood. 

23. Gothic Style. (Italian). Cathe- 
dral of Milan. Exterior. Not Pure 
Gothic. Absence of Spires and Towers. 
Dome-like Structure over Intersection 
of Transept and Nave. Renaissance De- 



tails in Facade. Wealth of Sculptured 
Ornamentation. 

24. Gothic Style. (Italian). Doges' 
Palace, Venice. Gothic Only in its De- 
tails and Ornamentation, not in its Con- 
struction. Pointed Arches. Geometric 
Tracery. Unbuttressed. 

25. Moorish Style. Court and Foun- 
tain of Lions. Alhambra. Spain. Deli- 
cate Arabesques on Walls. Double Col- 
umns. Lightness of Effect. Rude Forms 
of Lions. Influence of Religion. 

(c) Modern. 

26. Renaissance Style. Pitti Palace 
Florence. Italy. Exterior. Roman In- 
fluence Shown in Massive Masonry and 
Round Arches, Also in the Use of 
Pediments Over Windows. Effect of 
Simplicity and Strength. 

2 7. Renaissance Style. St. Peter's 
Church, Rome. Facade. Great Dome. 
s from Roman Domes in Being 
.Mounted on Drum and Surmounted by 
m. Facade Not Satisfactory 
Artistically. Use of Classic Columns 
and Pediment. Egyptian Obelisk in 
Foregrovn 

28. Renaissance Style. Grand Opera 
House, Paris. Exterior. Classic Details. 
us, Curved Pediments. Round 
Arches. 

2D. Renaissance Style. City Hall, 
Boston. Classic Columns and Pilasters. 
Use of Different Orders in Different 
Stories. Round Arches Dome. (Compare 
with St. Louis Post Office). 

30. Renaissance Style. Private Resi- 
dence, Salt Lake City. Exterior. Classic 
Columns. Pediments over Windows. 

31. Renaissance Style Dining Hal! 
of a Modern Hotel. Classic Columns and 
Pilasters. Pediments Over Doors. Round 
Arches in Windows. Characteristic Re- 
lief Decoi-ations on Walls and Ceiling. 



LESSON 1709. 
GREAT ARTISTS AND THEIR WORKS. 



1. Nicolo Pisano. Pulpit in Cathe- 
dral of Sienna. 

2. Michael Angelo in His Studio. 
Statues of Moses, Two Slaves and the 
Pieta. 

3. Michael Angelo. Statue of Moses. 
Tomb of Julius II. Church of St. Peter 
in Vincoli, Rome. 

4. Exterior of Convent Containing 
Leonardo Da Vinci's "Last Supper." 
Milan. 



5. Leonardo Da Vinci. "The Last 
Supper." 

6. Leonardo Da Vinci. "Mona Lisa." 
Louvre, Paris. 

7. Raphael Painting Portrait of 
Princess of Arragon. 

S. Raphael. "La Belle Jardiniere." 
Louvre, Paris. 

9. Raphael. "Madonna of the Chair," 
Pitti Gallery. Florence. 



161 



10. Raphael. "The Parnassus'' 
Vatican. Rome. 

11. Raphael. "The Transfiguration. ' 
(Upper Part). His Last Work. Vatican. 
Rome. 

12. Raphael. Sistine Madonna. Dres- 
den. 

13. A Dinner with Titian Seen -. 
Portico of a House in Venice. 

14. Titian. "Presentation of Virgin 
at Temple." Academy, Venice. 

15. Paul Veronese Receives Visit 
from Doge of Venice. 

16. Guido Reni "Aurora, Apollo and 
the Hours.*' Fresco in Rosplgliosi 
Palace, Rome. 



17. Corregio. "Holy Night." Dresden. 

18. Murillo. "Immaculate Concep- 
tion." Louvre, Paris. 

19. Murillo. "Melon Eaters." 

20. An Afternoon with Rubens. The 
Painter and His Family. 

21. Rubens. "The Descent From the 
Cross." Cathedral of Antwerp. 

22. Rembran.lt. Portrait of Himself. 

23. Rembrandt. "The Pilgrims at 
Kmmaus." Louvre, Paris. 

24. Philip IV and Velasquez. 

25. Valasquez. "Infanta "Marguerila 
Theresa." Louvre, I 



LESSOX 1710. 
GREAT ARTISTS AXD THEIR WORKS. 



1. Madonna of Grand Duke — 
Raphael. 

2. La Belle Jardiniere — Raphael. 

3. Peter and John at Beautiful 
Gate — Raphael. 

4. Head of Christ — Leonardo Da 
Vinci. 

5. The Nighl Watch — Rembrandt. 

6. Syndies of Amsterdam — Rem- 
brandt. 

7. Charles 1. (Full length) — Van 
Dyck. 

S. The Four Evangelists — A. 
Duerer. 

9. Duerer's Mother — A. Duerer. 

10. Madonna Enthroned — Andrea 
del Sarto. 

11. Assumption of Virgin — Titian. 

12. Singing Angels — T. Van Dyck. 

13. Raising of Lazarus — Sebastiano 
del Piombo. 

14. Apollo and the Muses — Guilio 
Romano. 

15. Egyptian Feast. 



16. Banquet of Officers and Archers 
of St. Adrian — Franz Halz. 

17. Attack at Hochkirch — Menzel. 

18. Iron Rolling Mills — Menzel. 

19. Hannibal's Grave. — E. Pracht. 

20. Lucullus' Bust — C. A. Herman. 

21. Jorg Gisse — H. Holbein. 

22. Cobbler — Liebermann. 
Old Woman with Goats — Lieber- 



23. 
mann 
24. 
25. 
26. 



Shepherdess — Liebermann. 
Orphan Girls — Liebermann. 
In the Workmen's Quarter — 
Hoeniger. 

27 East Berlin — Hoeniger. 

At the City Mall, Berlin — Hoen- 



28. 

iger. 
29. 
30. 
31. 
32. 
33. 
34. 
35. 



Field Workers — Urg. 
Animal Study — K, du Jardin. 
The Reading Club. 
Hildesheim Dome — Letterer. 
Wotan Group — Engelhard. 
Horse Fair — Rosa Bonheur. 
Calling the Ferryman. 



LESSO N 1711. 
PORTRAITS OF GREAT ARTISTS. 



1. Michael Angelo. 

2. Raphael. 

3. Murillo. 

4. Rubens. 

5. Rembrandt. 



162 



LESSON 1712. 



MILLET AND HIS FRIENDS. 



1. Millet. "The Sower." 

2. Millet. "Shepherdess Knitting" 
Flock of Sheep. 

3. Millet. "Feeding Her Birds." 
Mother Giving Food to Her Children. 

4. Millet. "Planting Potatoes." Man 
and Woman in Field. 

5. Corot. "Spring." Wood Nymphs 
Dancing. 

6. Corot. "Landscape." Cottage. Wil- 
lows Overhanging Stream. 

7. Corot. "Willows." Women Work- 
ing in Field. 



8. Corot. "Ville D'Avray." Small 
Lake on Right. Houses. Old Squar» 
Tower. 

9. Corot. "Landscape." Mass of Old, 
Bent Trees on Right. City in Distance. 
Horseman in Foreground. 

10. Corot. "Landscape." Trees, Pond, 
Cottages in Distance. 

11. Corot. "Landscape." Stream. Man 
in Boat. Willows on Bank. 

12. Troyon. "Girl Feeding Turkeys." 
i3. Daubigny. "Landscape." Marshy 

Pond in Foreground. 



LESSON 1713. 



ART. 



Copy. Guido Reni — Hours. 
Markart. Catherine Cornare. 
Pursuit of Fortune. 
Kaulbach. Age of Reformation. 
Kaulbach. Battle of the Huns. 
Kaulbach. Destruction of Jeru- 



1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
salem. 

7. Kaulbach. Tower of Babel. 

8. Berlin. Homer and the Greeks. 

9. Cornelius. Angels and Vial of 
Wrath, Berlin. 

10. Cornelius. God the Father, Resur- 
rection, etc. 

11. Cornelius. Satan's Fall, Berlin. 

12. Feuerbach. Plato's Banquet. 

13. Kuille. Tannhauser and Venus. 



Ariadne. Vatican. 

Canova. Venus Victrlx. 

Bongeran. Angels. 

Venice. Gondolier. 

Arctic Scene. Polar Night. 

Arctic Scene. Ice Floes, Men and 

Arctic Scene. Vessel Baremasted 



14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 
Dog. 

20. 
in Sea. 

21. Arctic Scene 
ing. 

22. 

23. 

24. 



Ship in Ice, List- 



Landseer. Deer. 
"Helping Hand." 
Schmitzberger. 



Waiting for 



Breakfast. 



LESSON 1714. 
CURFEW SHALL NOT RING TO-NIGHT." 
Ten Slides Illustrating the Poem. 



1. "Slowly England's Sun was set- 
ting o'er the hilltops far away." 

2. "I've a lover in that prison." 
' 'Bessie,' calmly spoke the sex- 



3. 
ton." 

4. 

5. ' 
tower.'' 



'Bessie made a solemn vow." 
'She sprang within the old church 



6. "She had reached the topmost 
ladder." 

7. "Curfew shall not ring to-night." 

8. "Firmly on the dark old ladder." 

9. "At his feet she tells her story." 
10. "Kneeling on the turf beside 

him " 



LESSON 1715. 
SHERIDAN'S RIDE. 



1. "Telling the battle was on once 
more, and Sheridan twenty miles away." 

2. "Hills rose and fell, but his 



heart was gay, with. Sheridan fifteen 
miles away." 

3. "Every nerve of the charger was 



163 



strained to full play, with Sheridan the way from Winchester down to save 



only ten miles away." 

4. "He is snuffing the smoke of the 
roaring fray, with Sheridan only five 
miles away." 

5. "I have brought you S*heridan all 



the day." 

6. "And when their statues are 
placed on high, under the dome of the 
Union sky." 



LESSON 1716. 
THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE. 



"Forward the Light Brigade 
charge for the guns he said." 
"Stormed at by shot and shell 
Boldly they rode and well." 



3. "Flashed all their sabres bare 

Sabring the gunners there." 

4. "All that was left of them 

Left of six hundred." 



LESSON 1717. 
PAUL REVERE'S RIDE. 



"Then he climbed to the tower 

of the church, 
Up the wooden stairs with 

stealthy tread." 
"And lo! as he looks, on the 

belfry's height, 
A glimmer, and then a gleam 

of light!" 
"And beneath, from the pebbles, 

in passing, a spark. 
Struck out by a steed, that flies 

gearless and fleet." 
"It was twelve by the village 

clock 



When he crossed the bridge 

into Medford town." 
"It was one by the village 

clock, 
When he gallopped into Lexing- 
ton." 
"And one was safe and asleep in 

his bed. 
Who at the bridge would be 

first to fall." 
"How the farmers gave them 

ball for ball. 
From behind each fence and 

farmyard wall." 



LESSON 1718. 
LITERARY SELECTION— THE BRIDGE. 



1. "I stood on the Bridge at mid- 
night, as the clocks were striking the 
Hour." 

2. "How, often, O how often, in the 
days that had gone by." 



3. "And only the sorrow of others 
throws its shadow over me." 

4. "I see the long procession . still 
passing to and fro." 

5. Portrait of Henry Wadsworth 
Longfellow. 



LESSON 1719. 
RIP VAN WINKLE. 



1. Rip playing with the Children. 

2. Rip at the Village Inn. 

3. Rip and his Scolding Wife. 

4. Rip on the Mountains. 



5. Rip Returns after a Nap of 
Twenty Years. 

6. Rip Relating his Story. 



164 

LESSON 1720. 
THE VILLAGE BLACKSMITH 

I 



"Under a spreading chestnut 

tree 
The village smithy stands;" 
"You can hear him swing his 

heavy sledge 
With measured beat and slow;" 
"And children coming home from 

school 
Look in at the open door;" 



on Sunday to the 



'Me goe 
church. 
And sits among the boys." 
5. "And with his hard rough hand 
he wipes 
A tear out of his eyes." 

1 ach morning sees some task 
begun. 
Each evening sees its close.' 



1. Hiawatha's Wooing. 

2. Hiawatha's Wedding. 



LESSON 1721. 
HIAWATHA. 



3. The Death of Minnehaha. 
I. Hiawatha's Departure. 



LESSON 1722. 
EVANGELINE. 



1. The Forest Primeval. 

2. Pastor in Street of Acadia. 

3. Evangeline Going to Church. 
t. Mouse and Barns of Benedict 

Evangeline and Gabriel Hunting- 
Eggs. 

6 Indian Summer - — Return of 
Flocks and Harvesters. 

7. Basil and Benedict arranging 
Betrothal. 

8. Notary Drinking to Health of 
i 'i mi pie. 

9. Merry-making at the Betrothal. 

10. Women in Churchyard — Arrival 
of Soldiers. 

11. English Commander Delivering 
Orders. 

12. Priest in Church Subduing his 
People. 



Evangeline and 



13. Parting of 
Gabriel. 

14. Evangeline with her Father at 
Seaside. 

15. Burial of Evangeline's Father. 

16. Evangeline at the Prow of the 
Boat. 

17. Boat on Mississippi. 

18. Basil on Horse calling his Cattle. 

19. Evangeline in the Garden. 

20. Indian Women at Tent of Evan 
geline. 

21. Black-robed Chief of the Mis- 
sions. 

22. Hunter's Lodge in Ruins. 

23. Evangeline in Philadelphia visit- 
ing the Sick. 

2 !. Evangeline finds Gabriel at Last. 



LESSON* 1723. 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 



1. Old Gobbo and his Son Launce- 
lot — Act II. Sc. II. 

2. Jessica Throwing down a Cas- 
ket — Act II. Sc. V. 

3. Shylock Bewailing the Loss of 
his Daughter — Act III. Sc. I. 

4. Bassanio Choosing the Casket — 
Act III. Sc. II. 

5. Portia Giving Ring to Bassanio 
— Act III. Sc. II. 



6. Bassanio Reading Letter from 
Antonio — Act III. Sc. II. 

.7 Portia (as Balthazzar) Speaking 
in Court — Act IV. Sc. I. 

8. Shylock Preparing to Take the 
Pound of Flesh — Act IV. Sc. I. 

9. Shylock Hearing his Sentence of 
Condemnation — Act IV. Sc. I. 

10. Portia Reproaching Bassanio for 
Parting with Ring — Act V. Sc. V. 

11. Portrait of Wm. Shakespeare. 



1. "He sorrowed o'er the expiring 
horse." 

2. "In listening mood she seemed 
to stand." 

3. "Tis thus our charmed rhymes 
we sing." 

4. "Wake Allan Bane, aloud she 
cried." 

5. "The hounds the hawk her ears 
divide." 

6. "Grant me this maid to wife." 

7. "Chieftains, forego!" 

8. "The Cross thus formed he held 
on high!" 

9. "Alas! she sobbed — and yet be 
gone." 



165 

LESSOX 1724. 
LADY OF THE LAKE. 

L3. "He placed the golden circlet 



14. "The fierce avenger is behind!" 

15. "By Him whose word is truth!" 
1 fi. "Thy name and purpose! Saxon 

stand!" 

1 7. "These are Clan Alpine's war- 
riors true." 

1 8. "And Locked his arms his foe- 
man round." 

19. "And ever James was bending 
low." 

20. "Back on your lives, ye menial 
park!" 

21. "Hear ye, my mates." 

22. "Hark, minstrel! I have heard 



10. "The messenger of fear and thee play." 

23. "No word her choking voice com- 

11. "With Alpine's Lord the Hermit mands." 

Monk held solemn word." 2!. "Then gently drew the glitter- 

12. "Ellen beheld as in a dream." ing band." 



LESSON 1725. 
THE BROOK 

1. "I come from haunts of coot and 7. "And here and there a foamy 
hern." flake." 

2. "By thirty hills I hurry down." 8. "I steal by lawns and grassy 

3. "Till >last by Philip's farm I pints." 

flow." 9. "I slip, I slide, I gloom, I 

-1. "I chatter over stony ways." glance." 

5. "With many a curve my banks 10. "I murmur under moon and 
I fret." stars." 

6. "I wind about and in and out." 

LESSON 1726. 
RED RIDING HOOD. 

1. Little Red Riding Hood Leaving -1. The Wolf Dressing in Grand- 
Home, mother's Nightrobe. 

2. Little Red Hiding Hood Meeting 5. Little Red Riding Hood in Bed 
Wolf. with the Wolf. 

3. The Wolf at Door of Grand- 6. . The Wolf Killed by Woodman. 
mother's Cottage. 



LESSON 1727. 
CINDERELLA. 

1. Cinderella Helping her Sisters 4. Cinderella at the Ball. 

ch-ess for the Ball. 5- Cinderella Drops the Glass Slip- 

2. Cinderella's Sisters Leave her per in her Flight. 

alone at Home. 6 - Tne Glass Slipper Fits Cinder- 

3. Cinderella's Godmother Appears. ella's Foot. 



166 



LESSON 1728. 
THE PIED PIPER. 



1. "Rats? They fought the dogs, 

and killed the cats, 
And bit the babies in their 
cradles." 

2. "Rouse up, Sirs! Give your brains 

a racking. 
To find the remedy we're lack- 
ing." 

3. "His queer long coat from heel 

to head, 
Was half of yellow, half of 
red." 

4. "And out of the houses the rats 

came tumbling, 
Great rats, small rats, lean rats, 
brawny rats." 



"Until they came to the River 
Weser, 

Wherein all plunged and per- 
ished." 

"And folks, who find me in a 
passion, 

May find I can pipe to another 
fashion." 

"Tripping and skipping ran mer- 
rily after, 

The wonderful music with shout- 
ing and laughter." 

"And lo! As they reached the 
mountain side, 

A wondrous portal opened 
wide." 



LESSON 1729. 

SNOW WHITE. 

Twelve Colored Slides. 

LESSON 1730. 

THE UGLY DUCKLING. 
Fourteen Colored Slides. 



LESSON 1731. 
Chicken Little. 



1. An Acorn Falls on Chicken Little's 
Head. 

2. Chicken Little Meets Henny 
Penny. 

3. They Meet Cocky Locky. 

4. They Meet Ducky Lucky. 



5. They Meet Coosey Loosey. 

6. They Meet Turkey Lurkey. 

7. They Meet Foxy Loxy. 

S. Foxy Loxy Leads Chicken Little 

and Her Friends to His Cave. 



LESSON 1732. 
Jack the Giant Killer. 



1. 

2. 

3. 
Sheep 

4. 

5. 
claim 

6. 
Giant 

7. 



Jack. 

Jack Watching His Flocks. 

Jack Sees the Giant Stealing His 



The Giant Falls Into the Pit. 

The People Cheer Jack and Pro- 

Him Jack the Giant Killer. 

Jack Falls Asleep near Castle of 

Blunderboro. 

Jack is Imprisoned by the Giants. 

8. Jack before the Castle of the 
Two-Headed Giant 

9. Jack Eats Breakfast with the 
Two Headed Giant. 



10. Jack 

11. Jack 

12. Jack 
Magician. 

13. Jack 

14. Jack 

15. Jack 
ful Girls. 

16. Jack 
cess. 

17. The 
Castle. 

18. Jack 



Meets the Prince. 

Locks the Giant in the Cave. 

Frees the Princess from the 

Kills another Giant. 
Kills the Giant's Brother. 
Rescues the Twenty Beauti- 

Dines with Prince and Prin- 

Giant Chases Jack into the 

Rescues the Princess. 



167 



LESSON 1733. 
Fuss in Boots. 



1. Puss and His Master. 

2. Puss Traps a Rabbit. 

3. Jack Presents a Rabbit to the 
King. 

4. Puss Calls for Help for His Mas- 
ter. 



5. Puss Instructs the Mowers. 

6. The Giant Transforms Himself 
into a Lion. 

7. The Giant Transforms Himself 
into a Mouse. 

8. The Marquis Weds the Princess. 



LESSON 1734. 



Tom Thumb. 



1. The Plowman Consults the Ma- 
gician. 

2. Tom Thumb is Born. 

3. Tom Thumb's Christening. 

4. The Tailors Fit Tom's Clothes. 

5. Tom Falls into the Pudding. 

6. Tom's Mother Gives the Pudding 
to the Tinker. 



7. The Frightened Tinker Throws 
the Pudding Away. 

8. Tom Returns to His Mother. 

9. Tom is Swallowed by a Cow. 

10. Tom's Adventure with the Fish. 

11. Tom Is Presented to the Queen. 



LESSON 1735. 
The Three Figs. 



1. The Mother Pig Has No Food for 
Her Children. 

2. The Three Little Pigs Go Out to 
Seek Their Fortune. 

3. The First Pig Builds a Straw 
House. 

4. The Second Pig- Builds a Wooden 
House. 

5. The Third Pig Builds a Brick 
House. 



House. 



S. The Wolf Calls at the Brick 
House. 

9. The Wolf Goes to the Woods to 
Make Plans. 

10. The Wolf Finds the Pig in a Tree. 

11. The Pig Outwits the Wolf. 

12. The Pig Goes to the Circus. 

13. The Pig Comes Home in the 
Barrel. 

14. The Pig Builds a Fire in the Fire- 



6. The Wolf Calls at the Straw place. 



15. The Wolf Comes Down the Chim- 



The Wolf Calls at the Wooden ney. 



House. 



16. The Wolf is Served for Dinner. 



LESSON 1736. 
The Three Bears. 



1. The Three Bears at Home. 

2. The Baby Bear Shoots at a Bird. 

3. The Bear's Aim Is Bad. 

4. The Mother Bear Prepares the 
Porridge. 

5. The Three Bears Prepare for a 
Walk. 

6. The Baby Bear Enjoys the Walk. 

7. Goldenlocks Peeps Through the 
Keyhole. 

8. Goldenlocks Tastes the Porridge. 

9. Goldenlocks Breaks the Baby 
Bear's Chair. 



10. Goldenlocks Falls Asleep. 

11. Father Bear, "Somebody has been 
at my Porridge." 

12. Baby Bear. "Somebody has been 
at my porridge and has eaten it all up." 

13. Father Bear, "Somebody has been 
sitting in my chair." 

14. Baby Bear, "Somebody has been 
sitting in my chair and has sat the bot- 
tom out of it." 

15. Mother Bear Shares Her Por- 
ridge with Baby Bear. 



168 



16. Father Bear, "Who has been lying 
in my bed?" 

17. Mother Bear, "Who has been ly- 
ing in my bed?" 

18. Baby Bear, "Who has been lying 
on my bed, and here she is." 



19. Goldenlocks Awakens. 

20. Goldenlocks Jumps out 
Window and Runs Home. 



of the 



LESSON 1737. 



dar. 



6. 
Talk. 



Robinson Crusoe. 



The Wreck of the Ship. 

Robinson on the Raft. 

Robinson Setting up His Calen- 



Crusoe Making Baskets. 
The Goat Following Crusoe. 
Crusoe Teaching the Parrot 



to 



His House Se- 



7. Crusoe Making 
cure from Attack. 

8. Crusoe Building a Boat. 

9. Crusoe Rescues Friday. 

10. Crusoe Rescues a Spaniard. 

11. Crusoe Rescued from the Island. 



FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK. SLIDES ILLUSTRATIVE OP THE CLASSICS. 

LESSON 1738. 

SCENES IN NORTHERN AND CENTRAL GREECE.. 



1. Vale of Tempe. 

2. Vale of Tempe. 
3 Vale of Tempe. 
i. Yale of Tempe. 

5. Town of Kastraki, Thessi 

6. Town of Kalabaka, Thessaly. 

7. Rosane, Thessaly. 

8. Mount Parnassus. 

9. Plain of Krissa, looking toward 
Delphi. 

10. Plain of Krissa from Delphi. 

11. Delphi from South, Cliff only. 

12. Delphi, Castalian Spring. 

13. Thespiae, General View. 



11. Site of Platea and Mt. Cithaeron. 

15. Ruins of Fortifications at Elen- 
theral. 

16. Eleusis, Ruins of Temple Deme- 
ter. 

17. 

IN. 

19. 

20. 
Sea. 

21. 

22. 
tus. 



Eleusis, The Greater Propylea. 
Eleusis, Temple of Artemis. 
Eleusis, Lesser Propylea. 
Marathon. Looking toward the 



Marathon, The Mound. 
Modern Athens and Mt. 



Lvcabet- 



LESSON 1739. 
SCENES IN Till: PELOPONNESUS. 



1. Olympia, General View. 

2. Olympia. . 

3. Olympia, Temple of Zeis. 

4. Modern Museum at Olympia. 

5. The Alpheus River. Olympia. 

6. Mt. Ithome. 

7. Temple of Apollo at Phigalia 
(Bassae). 

S. Messene Walls, West of Arcadian 
Gate. 

Nearer View of Arcadian Gate. 
Summits of Taygetus. 
Langada Pass, Showing Wall. 
Langada Pass. 
Gorge at Daphnon from Lada. 



9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 



Trypsi, Entrance of Langada 
of the Eurotas above 



14. 
1 'ass. 

15. View 
ta. 

16. Sparta and Taygetus Mountains. 

17. Plain of Mautinea. 

IS. Tiryns, Cate into Acropolis. 

19. Tiryns, Part of Wall. 

20. Gallery in Wall, Tiryns 

21. Mycenae, General View of the 
Acropolis. 

2 2. Mycenae, Nearer View, Walls of 
Acropolis. 

23. Mycenae, Grave Circle, Looking 
toward Lion Gate. 



169 



24. Stadium at Epidaurus. 

25. Epidaurus, Theatre. 

26. Epidaurus, Mine of Tholos. 
2 7. Citadel of Argos. 

28. Aero, Corinth. 



29. Old Louis Temple, Corinth. 

30. Canal through Isthmus of 
Corinth. 

31. General View of Arcadian Gate 

ami Walls. 



8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 

12. 
13. 



LESSON 1740. 
SLIDES ILLUSTRATIVE OF VERGILIAN SCENES. 



Ruins of Troy. 

Figani on Site of Ancient Samos. 

Figani, Nearer View. 

Samos, Bay on South Side. 

Heraeum of Samos. 

Prehistoric Palace at Phaistos. 

Thera, General View of Harbor. 

Thera, Nearer View. 

Thera. From the Sea. 

Thera, View of the Coast. 

Ruins of Ancient City of Thera. 

Gorge by Sea at Melos. 

Ruins of old City of Melos. 



14. Excavation at Knossos, fine Ma- 
sonry and Jars. 

15. Throne Room, Palace at Knossos. 

16. Ruins of Palace, Knossos. 

17. Famous Law Code, Inscription at 
Gortym Crete. 

18. Island of Corfu. 
Fort and Harbor, Corfu. 
Temple of "Diana" at Syracuse. 
Temple of Concord at Girgenti, 



19. 

20. 

21. 

Sicily. 

22. 



Stones of the Cyclops, Sicily. 



LESSON 1741. 

[LLi'STRATING VIRGIL'S AENEID. 



1. Portrait of Virgil. 

2. Map of the Wanderings of 
Aeneid. 

3. General View of the Ruins of 
Troy. 

4. Near View of the Ruins of the 
Acropolis of Troy. 

5. Section of one of the Oldest 
W:\Wa of Troy. 

6. Ulysses returns Chryseis to her 
Father. (Painting by Gelee). 

7. Lacoon and the Wooden Horse. 
(Drawing). 

8. Sack of Troy. (From Vase in 
Louvre). 

9. Venus and Anchises. (Painting 
by Sir William Blake Richmond). 

10. Aeneas and Anchises. (Painting 
by Spada). t 

11. Aeneas bearing Anchises from 
Troy. (Drawing). 

12. Flight of Aeneas. (Painting by 
Signorelli Luca). 

13. Aeneas invoking the Gods. 
( Drawing). 

14. General View of Mt. Aetna. 

15. Polyphemus approaching the 
Ships. (Drawing). 

16. Ulysses deriding Polyphemus. 
(Painting by Turner). 



17. Island of Ortygia, View from 
Villa Politi. 

18. Eryx, Bastion, near Site of Tem- 
ple of Venus. 

19. General View of the Site of Car- 
thage. 

20. Carthaginian Walls. 

21. Dido building Carthage. (Paint- 
ing by Turner). 

22. Dido directing the Equipment 
of the Fleet. (Painting by Turner). 

23. Dido receiving Bad News from 
Troy. (Painting by Guerin). 

2 4. Decline of Carthage. (Engraving 
from painting by Turner). 

25. Ruins of Carthage. (Painting by 
Ghiselfi). 

26. Dido and Aeneas. (Engraving 
from painting by Turner)- 

27. Death of Dido. (Drawing). 

28. Death of Dido. (Painting by 
Liberate). 

29. The Regatta and the mishap of 
Menoetes. (Drawing). 

30. Segesta — View of theater look- 
ing down Valley. 

31. Segesta — View down the Valley 
showing the Temple. 

32. General View of Naples, Bay 
and Vesuvius in t' e I lstance. * 



170 



33. Aeneas and the Sibyl in the 
Jaws of Orcus. (Drawing). 

34. Venus giving Aeneas his arms 
and shield. (Drawing). 

35. Siege of Laurentum. (Drawing). 

36. Death of Pallas. (Drawing.) 



37. Arrival of Camilla the Amazon 



(Drawing). 

38. Death of Camilla. 

39. Combat between 
Aeneas. (Drawing). 



(Drawing). 
Turnus and 



LESSON 1742. 
SLIDES SHOWING ROMAN AND POMPEIIAN SCENES. 



1. General View Pompeii. 

2. Street in Pompeii. 

3. Interior of Shop, Pompeii. 

4. Fountain, Pompeii. 

5. Oven and Mill, Pompeii. 

6. Sacrifice of Iphigenia. 

7. Animals, Wall Decoration. 

8. Decorative Wall Painting. 

9. Mosaic, Cave Canem, Pompeii. 

10. House of Pausa, Pompeii. 

11. House of Tragic Poet (restored) 
Pompeii. 

12. House of Tragic Poet (actual 
state) Pompeii. 



13. Forum at Pompeii. 

14. Roman Forum (restored) N. and 
E. sides. 

15. Roman Forum (restored) S. and 
W. sides. 

16. Roman Forum (restored). 

17. Ancient Aqueduct, Campagna. 

18. Claudian Aqueduct, Campagna. 

19. Roman Aqueduct, Merida, Spain. 

20. Tomb of Hadrian, looking North. 

21. Ruins of Tombs on Appian Way. 



\ 



171 
INDEX 

Amphibians 51 

Animals, Preparations showing Nervous System and Blood Cir- 
culation.... 70 

Animals, Pictorial Illustrations of 70 

Architecture, Types of 81 

Astronomical Charts 80 

Birds, Domestic, Mounted 28 

Birds, Foreign, Mounted 37 

Birds, Pictorial Illustration of 36 

Botanical Charts 25 

Butterflies, Domestic 46 

Butterflies, Foreign 48 

Camphor 22 

Carborundum 77 

Clothing Materials 13 

Cocoanut 8 

Corals 61 

Cork 21 

Crinoids 60 

Crustaceans 54 

Dyeing, Materials for 89 

Echinoderms 59 

Fibers 14 

Fishes 63 

Fishes, Pictorial Illustrations of 66 

Food Products 5 

Fossel Formations 78 

Geography, Pictorial Illustrations of 82 

Glass, Manufacture of 89 

Gums 21 

Gutta Percha 21 

Hide and Leather 89 

Historical Charts •. • • 81 

History, Illustrations of Ancient History 81 

Homes, Typical, Illustrations of 85 

Hydroids 61 

Ink, Manufacture of 88 

Insects : 43 

Insects, Pictorial Illustrations of 45 

Japan, Collections Illustrating Life in 87 

Japan, Pictorial Illustrations of 83 

Language Lessons, Illustrations of 80 

Lantern Slides • 10 i 

Leather 89 

Mammals, Mounted 68 

Materials for Clothing 13 

Materials used for Tanning 89 

Medicinal Plants 20 

Mexico, Collections Illustrating Life in 87 

Mexico, Pictorial Illustrations of 82 



172 

Minerals 72 

Mollusks 55. 

Moths, Domestic 47 

Moths, Foreign 4S 

Needle, Manufacture of SO 

North American Indians, Collections Illustrating Life of S7 

Nuts, Edible 10 

Nuts, Used for Ornaments 11 

Oils 11 

Paper. Made of Wood Pulp 22 

Pen, Manufacture of Sis 

Pencil, Manufacture of. 89 

Philippine Islands, Collections Illustrating Life in 88 

Philippine Islands, Pictorial Illustrations of 83 

Physical Geography, Apparatus for Teaching of 9S 

Physical Geography, Stereoscopic Views and Charts Illustrating 84 

Physics, Apparatus for Teaching of 91 

Physiology, Charts Illustrating SO 

Plants, Models of 20 

Plants, Pictorial Illustrations of 25 

Reptiles 50 

Peptiles, Pictorial Illustrations of 51 

Resins 21 

Rubber 21 

Shoes, Manufacture of 89 

Spices 9 

Sponges 62 

-Tanning, Materials for S9 

Tellurian 101 

Transportation, Illustrations of 8S 

Tree Moss 22 

Tree Products 21 

Waxes 11 

Woods, Domestic .' 18 

Woods, Foreign 22 

Worms 51 



Pamphlet to be inserted into the 1911 Educational 
Museum Catalogue, following page 172. 



LANTERN LESSONS. 



LESS< >N 1610-a. 



HISTOK1' OF ST. LOUIS. 



1. Ferdinand DeSoto. 

2. Cordelle Boat of Laclede. 

3. Westward Movements, the 
way St. Louis grew. 

4. Map of St. Louis — li20. 

5. Map of St. Louis — 1903. 

6. Map of St. Louis County. 

7. Roy's Tower- — Foot of 
Morgan Street. 

8. St. Louis as a Trading 
Post. 

9. Trading Post on the Mis- 
souri. 

10. Fort St. Charles— Principal 
Spanish Fortification. 

11. Fort St. Charles (Better of 
the Same). 

12. Fur Boats. 
Fur Houses — then and 



13 
now. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
River. 

21. 



First Market. 

Second Market. 

Types of Early Houses. 

Green Tavern. 

Old Vauxhall Garden. 

Chouteau Mill. 

Scene on the Mississippi 



Early Settler's Home — 3rd 
and Plum Sts. 

22. First Government House 
of Upper Louisiana. 



23. First Post Office in St 
Louis. 

24. Chouteau 1'ond — Present 
Site of Union Station. 

25. First Catholic Church. 

26. Second Catholic Church. 
2,. Walnut St. Cathedral. 

28. Old Bent Homestead. 

29. Pierre Chouteau's House. 

30. Map of the U. S. and 
Louisiana Purchase. 

31. Map of Louisiana Purchase 
and Statistics. 

32. Thomas Jefferson. 

33. Napoleon Bonaparte. 
James Monroe. 
Ferrv in 1832. 
Fourth St. in 1S40. 
River Front in 1840. 
Fire Engine in 1835. 
Avenue through Wilder- 



34. 

35. 

36. 

37. 

38. 

39. 
ness. 

40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 
torv. 

44. 

45. 

46. 

4 7. 

48. 



Old French Quarter. 
Panorama of St. Louis. 
Workhouse Quarry. 
Interior of a Shoe Fac- 

Eads Bridge and Levee. 
Present River Front. 
Present River Front. 
Present River Front. 
Present River Front. 



LESSOX 1614-a. 



HYGIENE DEPARTMENT— ST. LOUIS PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 



1. Board of Education Lab- 
oratory. 

2. Office in a School. 

3. Testing Vision. 

4. Testing Hearing. IS. 

5. Testing Heart. 19. 

6. Examining Chest. ment. 

7. Examining Throat. 20. 

8. Examination for Trachoma. ment 

9. Examination of Colored 21. 
Children. 22. 

10. Emerg'encv at School. 23. 

ii. Defective Eyes. 24. 

1 2. Adenoid Cases. tion. 

13. Care of Teeth — Kindergar- 25. 
ten Children. 

14. Care of Teeth — Larger 
Children. 



15. Consulting Parent. 

16. Nurse and Children going 
to Clinic. 

17. Children at Dental Clinic. 
Children with Glasses. 
Crippled Boy before Treat- 
Crippled Boy after Treat- 
Girls' Bathroom. 
Boys' Bathroom. 
Inspecting Sanitation. 
Room ready for Fumiga- 

Vacuum Cleaning. 



n 






LESSON 1619-a. 
PANAMA. 



1. Map of < 'anal Zone. 

2. .Natural Jungle Growth. 

3. Culebra Cut as left bv 
French in L905. 

I. Excavating for Canal 1906. 
Port Lorenzo at Mouth of 
Chagres River. 

6. Up the Chagres R. from 
Fort Lorenzo. 

7. Plan of Gatun Dam. 

s - Concrete Mixer at Gatun. 
9. Canal Towers at Gatun 
Locks — 1909. 

10. C bra Cut at Gold Hill. 

1909. 

11. ' 'nlebra i 'lit at Kmmi . 
L909. 

12. Field Hospital. 

13. Native Kitchen. 

1 l. Porto Bello. Fort and 
Villaga 

15. Porto Bello. Machine Shops. 
Bin for Crushed Rock. 

16. Colon. Swamp at Edge 
of. 

17. Colon. Post Office and 
Gov. Building. 



Statue of Co- 



IS. Cristobal. 
lumbus. 

19. Cristobal. Roosevelt Ave. 

20. Empire. American Village. 

21. Panama City. -\ortli Bay 
a* Low Tide. 

22. Panama City. North Bay 
Shore Market. 

23. Panama City. South Bay 
from Old Administration Build- 
ing. 

24. Panama City. Cathedra] 
atnd Park. 

25. Panama City. From Tivoli 
Hotel. 

26. Ancon Hospital and 
Grounds. 

27. Old Panama. 
Bridge. 

28. Old Panama. 
Sea Wall. 

29. Old Panama. 
in 16th Century. 

30. <Md Panama. 
Cathedral — 1572. 



Fort near 

Remains of 

Bridge built 

Tower of 



LESSON 1619-b. 

FRUITS, PRODUCTS, INDUSTRIES OF PANAMA AND SOUTH 
AMERICA. 



i. Upland Rice Fields. 

2. I tread I ruit. 

3. Sugar ( lane. 

i- Primitive Sugar Moulds. 

5. Sugar Mill. 

6. < loffee Tree and Berries. 
i. Drying Co les. 

8. ('acao Tree and Pods. 

9. Chocolate Pod and Beans. 
i". Cocoanut Nursery. 

i i. Mango Tree and I 'ruit. 

12. Bunch Palm Nuts and Rub- 
ber Tree. 



13. Manicoba Rubber Planta- 
tion. 

14. Alligator Pears or Vege- 
table Butter. 

15. Yucca Tidier .similar to 
Irish Potato. 

L6. Rapayo Tree and Fruit. 
(Cantaloupe). 

17. Sour Sop Tree and Fruit. 
(Course Strawberry). 

18. Caju Fruit. (Demons). 

19. Crape Fruit. 

20. Calabash Tree and Fruit 



LESS< >N 1624-a. 



BRAZIL. 



i. Rio de Janeiro. Entrance 
i" Bay and Botafogo from Corco- 
vado. 

2. Rio de Janeiro. Sugar 
Peaf peak and Bay. 

3. Rio de Janeiro. Xew Docks. 

4. Rio de Janeiro. Botanical 
Garden. Corcovado Peak. 

5. Rio de Janeiro. Carioca 
Reservoir — 1 7 4 1. 

6. Rio de Janeiro. Aqueduct 
now used as Bridge — 17 11. 

7. Rio de Janeiro. Junction 
of Beirado Mar and Rio Branco 
Ave. 

8. Rio de Janeiro. Pvsandu 
St. Royal Palms. 

9. Rio de Janeiro. Deliver- 
ing Furniture. 



10. Bahia. Elevator from 
Landing Place. 

11. Bahia. Rio Vermelho "Jan- 
gada" or Catamaran. 

12. Bahia Governor's Resi- 
dence being Repaired — Screens. 

13. Pernambuco. River Front. 

14. Pernambuco. Governor's 
Residence. 

15. -Pernambuco. Dailv News- 
paper Plant. 

16. Para. Xew Docks. 

17. Amazon Vallev. Tapping 
Rubber Tree. 

18. Amazon Vallev. Smoking 
or Coagulating Rubber. 

19. Upper Amazon. Shipping 
Rubber. 

-"■ Upper Amazon. Indians. 



I 



1. Steamer Passing 
Basin. 

2. Entrance to Basins. 

3. Channel Buoys. 

4. Callao St. from Sante Fe 

5. Guitenberg- Residence — Bel- 
grano. 

6. Colon Theatre — Largest 
beating- Capacity on Western 
Hemisphere. 

7. Avenue May 25th from 
Park. 

8. President's Palace from 
July Park. 

T , 9 - , Palac e Hotel— Julv Park- 
Lola Mora Fountain. 

10- President's Palace — Plaza 
Victoria. 



LESSON 1624-b. 

BUENOS AIRES, 
through 



11. February 3rd Park. 

12. Refresauerio in Julv Park 
with Cantoron. 

13. Centennial Bldg-s. in Feb. 
3rd Park. 

14. Industrial School Build- 
ing'. 

15. Public School Building". 

16. Southern Rv. Station — 
Constitution Park. 

17. Grain Elevators. 

18. Entrance to City Slaughter 
Housos. 

19. Cart at Custom House. 

20. Argentine Gaucho or Cow 
Boy. 



1. 
City. 



LESSON 1624-c. 

MONTEVIDEO, 
Fort Artigas overlooking 
Pier Promenade at Pocitos 
Hotel at Urbano 



Bay Front and Universitv. 
Custom Warehouses and 



Hotel. 

3. Park 
Park. 

4. Bathing 
Park. 



5. 
6. 
Docks. 

7. Avenue Julv 18th. 

8. Residence Street. 

„„, nnt TT . ^ 9 - Private Residence and 

Front — Lrbano Grounds. 

10. Prado Park. 



THE FOLLOWING SETS OF LANTERN SLIDES WERE COLLECTED 

BY ASST. SUPT. C. G. RATHMANN ON HIS RECENT 

TRIP THROUGH EUROPE. 



DESS< IN 1628-a. 
LONDON AND WINDSOR. 



1. Royal Exchange and Bank 
of England. 

2. House of Parliament. 
Buckingham Palace. Queen 

ia Monument. 
Westminster Abbey. 
Interior. Westminster Ab- 

Trafalgar Square. 
Piccadilly Circus. 
The Strand and Wellington 

The Strand. Somerset 

and St. Marv's Church. 
Hyde Park. 
Sunday Morning, Petticoat 



Victor 
4. 
5. 

be v. 
6. 

$'. 

St. 

9. 
House 

10. 

11. 
Dane. 



12. Cheapside. 

13. Oldest Houses. Staple Inn 

14. Interior, St. Paul's Cathe- 
dral. 

15. London Bridge and Monu- 
ment. 

16. Windsor Castle from Bro- 
cas._ 

17 East Terrace. Windsor 
Castle. 

18. Throne Room. Windsor 
Castle. 

19. Guard Room. Windsor 
Castle. 



LESSON 1628-b. 
TOWER OF LONDON. 



1. 



Tower of London. 

St. John's Chapel. 

Horse Armour Hall. 

Sub Crypt of the White 



3. 

4. 

Tower, 

5. Warder 



6. Traitor's Gate. 

7. Execution Block and Axe. 

8. Ladv Jane Grev 

9. Painting- 'Pool of London." 
Thames River below the Tower. 

10. Crown Jewels. 



LESSON 1628-c. 
STRATFORD ON AVON. 



1. Stratford on Avon. 

2. Shakespeare's Home. 

3. Shakespeare's Birthroom. 

4. Trinity Church. 

5. Bust of Shakespeare. Trin- 
ity Church. 

6. Shakespeare's Grave and 
Bust in Trinity Church. 



7. Grammar School and Alms- 
houses 

8. Shakespeare Memorial The- 
atre. 

9. Shottery. Anne Hathaway's 
Cottage. 



LESSOX 1632-a, 
PARIS. 



1. Arch of Triumph. 

2. Napoleon's Grave, Church 
of Invalides. 

3. Eiffel Tower. 

4. Monument. Pantheon. 

5. Venus of Milo. Louvre. 

6. Upper Part. Main Gate. 
Notre Dame. 



8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 



Window of Sacred Chapel. 
Interior of Cathedral. 
Day Nursery. 

Officer of the Peace. 

Mounted Police. 

Police Barracks. 

Fi.re Drill. 

Dog of the River Brigade. 



LESSON 1632-b. 



PARIS. 



1. Champs Elysees. 

2. Palaces viewed from Alex- 
ander Bridge. 

3. Louvrfa. 

4. Opera Mouse. 

5. Court of Commerce and 
Jail. 

6. Notre Dame. 

7. Statue of the Triumph of 
the Republic. 

8 Company of Infantry. 



9. "Pa Monte" and "Pa 
Vigie" Embarkation of the River 
Brisrade. 

10. Police Station — Transport- 
in"- wounded. 

11. Central Markets. 
i 2. I fucksters. 

13. Electric Fire Engine. 

14. Painting. ".loan of Arc" 
Pantheon. 



LESSON 1632-c. 



PARTS. 



1. View on the Seine. 

2. Place de la Concorde. 

?,. Louvre. Colonnade and 
Square. 

4. Exchange. 

5. Panorama taken from St 
Gervais. 

6. St. Martin and St. Denis. 

7. Citv Hall. 



8. Company of Cavalry. 

9. Guardians of the Peace. 
Carriage Brisrade. 

10. Police Station "First Aid". 

11. Merchants. 

12. "Eire Denartment." 

1 3. Automobile Fire Engine. 

14. Rodin's Penseur Statue. 
I 'an tlieon. 



1. City Hall. 

2. Palace Square. 

". National Monument, 
liam the Great. 

4. Royal Museum. 

5. Royal University. 



LESSOX 1634-a. 
BERPIX. 



6. Unter den Linden. 

7. Unter den Linden and Fred- 
erick St. 

8. Cathedra] and Castle 
Bridge. 

9. Monument of Victory. 



LESSOX 


1634-b. 




HAMBURG. 




1. Steamship, Pres't. Grant. 
H. A. Line. 

2. .Tuns-fernstieg and Pavilion. 
Ham burs:. 

3. Street Scene in Old Ham- 


4. 
5. 
6. 

8*. 


Nicolai Church, 
Theatre. 
Rathhaus, City 
Canal. 
Ha rhor. 


burg. 







Hall. 



LESSON 1634-c. 



DRESDEN, LEIPZIG AND WIESBADEN. 



1. Terrain and Steamboat 
Landing, Dresden. 

2. Meissen, Albrechtsburg and 
Bridge near Dresden. 

3. Royal Art Gallery, Dresden. 

4. Interior of Zoological Gar- 
dens, Dresden. 

5. Zoological Gardens, Dres- 
den. 

6. Loschwitz Suspension 
Bridge, Dresden. 

7. University. Leipzig. 

8. City Art Museum. Leipzig. 



9. Publishing House. Leipzig. 

10. Voelkersehlacht. Monument, 
Leipzig. 

11. Bach Monument. Leipzig. 

12. Fairy Tale Fountain Leip- 
zig. 

13. New Town Mall. Leipzig. 

14. Kur Haus. Wiesbaden. 

15. Concert Hall, New Sanita- 
rium Wiesbaden. 

16. Greek Chapel. Wiesbaden. 
1 7. Castle Square, Wiesbaden. 



LESSON 1634-d. 
COLOGNE. 



1. Cathedral. 

2. "Treasury" Cathedral. 

3. Main Aisle, Cathedral. 

4. Interior, St. Maria. 

5. "Treasury" St. Ursula. 



9. 

10. 



Assembly Hall. 
Broad Street. 
Old Cologne. 
Court House. 
Milkwoman. 



LESSON 1634-e. 
1MMXE SCENES. 



Drachenfels. 

Roland Arch. 

Boppard on the Rhine. 

Castle Ehrenbreitstein. 

Stolzenfels. 

Lorelev Bock. 



7. Castle Rheinstein. 
S. Mouse Tower on the Rhine. 
9. Bingen on the Rhine. 
10. National Monument. Nie- 
derwald. 



LESSON 1636-a. 
FRANKFORT AND HEIDELBERG. 



t. 


Roemer, Old C 


!onvei 


ition 


6. 


1 1. 
2 

3! 

4. 
5. 


Hall in Roemer. 
Goethe House. 
Palm Garden. 
Cathedral. 






8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 



Railway Station. 

Kaiserstreet. 

Hessian Peasants Dancing. 

Heidelberg Castle. 

Court of Heidelberg Castle. 

Heidelberg University. 



LESSON 1636-15. 
MUNICH AND VICINITY. 



2. 


Maximilian Street and Mu- 


S. 


seum. 




Alps. 


3. 


National Museum . 


9. 


4." 


Arts and Crafts Institute. 


.\lps. 


5. 


Fountain. 


10. 


fi. 


Glyptothek. 


Higl 



Castle Nymphenburg. 
Partenkirchen, Bavarian 

Partnachklamm. Bavarian 

Bader Lake and Zugspitze, 
Highest Mountain in Germany. 



LESSON 1637-a. 
VIENNA. 



1. Street in Vienna. 

2. Opera House. 

3. Stephans Church. 

4. University and Liebenberg 
Memorial. 

5. Music, Castle Court. 

6. Court House. 
7. Karlsplatz. 

S. Kahlenberg and Leopolds- 
berg Danube. 



9^ Museums. 

10. Pavilion, Schroenbrunn. 

11. "The Adoration of the 
Shepherds by Rubens in the Lich- 
tenstein Gallery. 

in. "Mary's Ascension" by 
Rubens in the Lichtenstein Gal- 
lery. 



LESSON 1639-a. 

SWITZERLAND. 



1. Rigi and the Alps. 

2. Sunset on Rigi. 

3. Fluelen and Bristenstock. 

4. Kapell Bridge, Lucerne. 

5. The Lion of Lucerne. 

6. Lucerne and Pilatus. 

7. Lucerne and the Alps. 



8. Zurich and the Alps. 

9. Bridge, Zurich. 

10. Zurich showing three Mu- 
seums. 

11. Street in Zurich. 

12. Music Hall. Zurich. 



LESSOX 1645-a. 
HOLLAND. 



1. Rotterdam. 

2. Street in Rotterdam. 

3. Marken on the Marshes. 

4. Scene in Holland. 

5. Dutch Peasant's Trap. 



9. 
10. 



I 'ountry Woman. 
Sleighinar Party. 
Harrowing in Holland. 
Inhabitants of Volendam. 
Inhabitants of Volendam. 



1. 
2. 
3. 

sels. 
4. 



LESSON 1645-b. 
BELGIUM. 



Palace of Justice. Brussels. 

City Hall, Brussels. 

City Hall Square, Brus- 

Cathedral, Brussels. 



5. Pulpit in Cathedral, Brus- 
sels. 

6. Park, Brussels. 

7. Milkcart. Brussels. 

S. Milkmaids. Brussels. 



LESSON 1646-a. 
SWEDEN. 



1. National Museum, Stock- 
holm. 

2. Royal Castle. Stockholm. 

3. Conference Room, Royal 
Castle. 

4. Hall, Royal Castle. 

5. Street in Stockholm. 

6. Opera House. Stockholm. 

7. Park. Stockholm. 



8. Skeppsbron (Landing Place) 
Stockholm. 

9. Vasa Street. Stockholm. 

10. Vasaparken, Stockholm. 

11. Swedish Peasant. 

12. Swedish Women. 

13. Swedish Peasants, Tele- 
mar ken. 



LESSON 1646-b. 
DENMARK. 



1. Exchange. Copenhagen. 

2. Round Tower. Copenhagen. 

3. Tivoli, Concert Hall, Copen- 
hagen. 

4. Thorwaldsen Museum, Co- 
penhagen. 

5. "Christ" Thorwaldsen Mu- 
seum. 

6. "St. John" Thorwaldsen 
Museum. 



J. "Morning" Thorwaldsen 

Museum. 

8. "Night" Thorwaldsen Mu- 
seum. 

9. Fountain, Copenhagen. 

10. Dyrgarden, Park, Copen- 
hagen. 

11. Cathedral. Roeskilde Den- 
mark. 



LESSON 1737-a. 
CHARACTERS FROM DICKENS' WRITINGS. 



1. Mr. Pesrgotty & Little 
Em'ly, David Copperfield. 

2. Mr. Micawher makes Punch, 
David Copperfield. 

3. Quilp, Old Curiosity Shop. 
Old Curiosity Shop, London. 
Oliver Twist Asks for 



4. 

5. 
More. 

6. 
Twist. 

7. Bumble. Oliver Twist 



The Artful Dodger, Oliver 



S. Bob Cratchit's Christmas 
Dinner, Christmas Carol. 

9. Mr. Stiggins. Pickwick Pa- 
pers. 

10. Sam Weller. Pickwick Pa- 
pers. 

11. Pickwick, Pickwick Papers. 

12. Sarah Gamp, Martin Chuz- 
zlewitt. 

13. Trotty Veck. and His 
Daughter Meg, The Chimes. 



7 



GROUPS OP SLIDES, SHOWING VARIOUS PHASES Ob 

SCHOOL LIFE IN SOME OF THE EUROPEAN 

COUNTRIES. 

GROUP 1743. 



1. Girls' School, Hamburg". 

2. District School House, 
Munich. 

3. District School House, 
Munich. 

4. Goethe High School, Frank- 
fort. 

5. Muster Schule, Frankfort. 

6. Continuation School, Frank- 
fort. 

7. Molil District School. Mann- 
heim. 

8. School on Allerheiligen- 
platz, Vienna. 

9. Boys' High School, Zurich. 

10. District School, Zurich. 

11. District School, Zurich. 

12. High School, Stockholm. 

13. Maria District School, 
Stockholm. . 

GROUP 

1. Nature Study Room, Dis- 
trict School, Copenhagen. 

2. Art Room, Sundholm Volk- 
schule, Copenhagen. 

3. District School, Munich. 

4. Nature Study. Dist. School, 
Munich. 

5. Arithmetic, Dist. School, 
Munich. 

6. Sewing, District School, 
Munich. 

7 Cooking Room, Dist. 

School, Berlin. 

8. Gymnasium for Boys, Zu- 
rich. 

9. Gymnasium for Girls, Lon- 
don. 

10. Showerbaths, Dist. School, 
Brussels. 

11. Bathing, Stockholm. 

12. Roof Playground, Elemen- 
tary School, Vienna. 

13. Roof PlaygTOund Elemen- 
tary School, Mannheim. 



14. Sundholm School, Copen- 
hagen. 

15. Corridor and stairs. Frank- 
fort 

16. Vestibule of School. Mal- 
moie, Sweden. 

17. Auditorium, in High School, 
Stockholm. 

18. Schoolroom. High School, 
Stockholm. 

19. Schoolroom, District School, 
Vienna. 

20. Schoolroom, Zurich. 

21. Schoolroom. Zurich. 

2 2. Claymodeling 1st Grade, 
Brn ssgIs. 

23. Schoolroom. Copenhagen. 

24. Teachers Conference Room, 
Zurich. 

1744. 

14. Secondary School for Boys, 
Hackney Downs, London. 

15. Ble. School Laboratory, 
Hackney Downs, London . 

16. Battalion Band, Hackney 
Downs, London. 

17. Athletic Sports. Hackney 
Downs, London. 

18. Swimming Bath, Hackney 
Downs, London. • 

19. Clapham Sec. School for 
Girls, London. 

20. Drawing, Clapham School 
for Girls, London. 

21. Putney Sec. School, Lon- 
don. 

22. Putney Art School, London. 

23. Hugh Middleton Dist. 
School, London. 

24. Secondary School, Paris. 

25. Arts and Crafts School, 
Paris. 

26. Schoolroom. Paris. 

27. Demonstration Room, 
Chemistry, High School, Paris. 



GROUP 1745. 



1. School Luncheon, Zurich. 

2. Soup Kitchen, Zurich. 

3. Luncheon, Dist. School, 
Stockholn"L 

4. Luncheon, Dist. School. 
Copenhagen. 

5. Vacation Excursion, Ber- 
lin. 

6. Vacation Excursion. Frank- 
fort. 

7. School Excursion, Mann- 
heim. 

8. School Excursion, Zurich. 

9. Vacation Excursion. Paris. 

10. Vacation Colony. Girls. 
Berlin. 

11. Vacation Colony for Weak 
Children. Zurich. 

12. House for Tuberculous 
Children. Zurich. 



13. Open Air School, Winter, 
Zurich. 

14. Vacation Games. Berlin. 

15. Vacation Games, Berlin. 

16. Vacation Play, Stockholm. 

17. Vacation Play. Berlin. 

IS. Court in House, Frankfort. 

19. Bldg. of Jugendfuersorge 
Committee. Hamburg. 

20. Teachers College. Leipzig. 

21. Auditorium. Teachers Col- 
lege, Leipzig. 

22. Faculty. Normal School, 
Leipzig. 

23. Senior Students, Teachers 
Collesre. Leipzig. 

24. Teachers Training School, 
Stockholm. 

25. Teachers 90th. District 
School. Berlin. 



GROUP 1746. 



1. Geology. Copenhagen. 

2. Excursion. Frankfort. 

3. Excursion Drawing. Frank- 
fort. 

4. Skansen Nature Park in 
Summer. Stockholm. 

5. Skansen Park in Winter. 
Stockholm. 

6. Biological Museum, Stock- 
holm. 

7. Avenue of Victory. Berlin. 

8. Fairy Tale Fountain, Co- 
logne. 

0. Castle Garden, Vienna. 

10. Monument of Victory, 
Leipzig. 

11. Bavaria Monument, Mu- 
nich. 

12. Man. Training, Metal 
Work. Stockholm. 

13. Man. Training, Woodwork, 
Stockholm. 

14. Cooking. District Scl I 

Stockholm. 

15. Cooking, District School. 
Stockholm, 



16. Sewing Dist. School. Co- 
penhagen. 

17. Household Teaching. Stock- 
holm. 

18. Open Air Gymnastics. Dist. 
School, Berlin. 

19. Out-Door Gymnastics. Put- 
ney School. London. 

20. Open Air Gymnastics, 
Stockholm. 

21. Fiold-Day Dist. School 
Berlin. 

22. Out-Door Gymnastics, Bei 
lin. 

23. Calisthenics at Recess. 
Berlin. 

24. Calisthenics at Recess, 
Dist. School. Berlin. 

25. Pupils Receiving Swim- 
ming Instructions. Berlin. 

26. Girls' Swimming School. 
Copenhagen. 

27. Military I trill, High School, 
Stockholm. 



CROUP 1747. 



1. 

3. 

gar ten 

4. 
sels. 

5. 
don. 

6. 
don. 

7. 
don. 

s. 
don. 

9. 
don. 



Kindergarten, Vienna. 
Kindergarten, Paris. 
Feeding children, Kinder- 
Paris. 
llall of Kindergarten, Brus- 

Open Air School. IT, Lon- 
Open Air School, ill. I. on- 
Open Air School, VII, Lon- 
Open Air School. V, 1. on- 
Open Air School, IV. Lon- 



1 "pen Air School, T, Lon- 
School, Char- 
School, Char- 



10 

don 

11. I Ipell Ail 

lot tenburg. 

1 2. < (pen Aii- 
iot tenburg. 

13. Open Air School, Char- 
lottenburg. 

14. Open Air School. London. 

15. Open Air School. VI] 
London. 

16. Open Air School, London. 

17. < ipen Air School. London. 



i ;i:< (UP 1748. 



1. Mannheim, School Organ- 
ization. 

2. Schedule of Mannheim 
Scl I I M ganization. 

3. Schoolroom, Mannheim. 

4. School for Defectives, 
Mannheim. 

5. School for Defectives, 
Leipzig. 

6. School for Defectives, Leip- 
zig. 

7. School for Defectives, 
Stockholm. 

8. Workshop for Poor Chil- 
dren, Stockholm. 

9. Deaf Mute School. Lon- 
don. 



10. Treating Children's Teeth, 
Berlin. 

11. People's High School, Roes- 
kilde. I >enmark. 

12. People's High School, 
Roeskilde, Denmark, 

13. People's High School, 
Roeskilde. Denmark. 

1 People's High School, 

Roeskilde, Denmark. 

15. Assembly Talk, People's 
High School Roeskilde, Denmark. 

1 6. Auditorium People's High 
School Roeskilde. Denmark. 



GROUP 1749. 



1. Continuation School Bldg. 
Munich. 

2. Auditorium, Trade School, 
Frankfort. 

3. Technological Exhibit, 
Frankfort. 

4. Continuation School, 
Watchmakers, Munich. 

5. Commercial Continuation 
School, Munich. 

6. Continuation School. Shoe- 
workers. Munich. 

7. Continuation School, Tai- 
lors, Munich. 

8. Trade School, Blacksmiths. 
Munich. 

9. Trade School. Machinists. 
M much. 

1 0. Trade School. Copper- 
smiths. Munich. 

i 1. Drawing. Coppersmiths, 

Munich. 

12. Trade School, Carpenters, 
Munich. 

13. Continuation School, Coach- 
men. Munich. 

1 I. Trade School, Tinsmiths. 
Munich. 

15. Continuation School, Bar- 
bers. Munich. 

16. Continuation School, Wait- 
ers. Munich. 

17. Continuation School, Chim- 
neysweeps, Munich. 

is. Continuation School. 

Printers, Munich. 

1 9. Continuation School, 
Builders Munich. 

20. Continuation School, l (raw- 
ing for Builders. Munich. 

21. Trade School for Masons, 
Munich. 

22. Cabinet Makers. Leipzig. 



23. School for Machinery, 
Leipzig. 

24. Engineering Workshop, 
Frankfort. 

25. Machine Room, Tr. School, 
Leipzig. 

26. Tr. School for Smiths, 
Berlin. 

27. Machinery Room for Wood- 
carving, Leipzig. 

28. School for Machinists. 
Cologne. 

29. Electrical Laboratory. 
Machinists. Leipzig. 

30. Laboratory of Mechanics, 
Munich. 

31. Laboratory for Physics, 
Berlin. 

32. School for Machinery, Co- 
logne. 

33. Machines for Metalwork, 
Leipzig. 

3 4. Machinists. Berlin. 

35. Modeling Room. Woodcarv- 
ing. Leipzig. 

36. Exhibit of Woodcarving 
i lars ins? School. Leipzig. 

37. Reading Room. Carving 
School. Pupil's Work, Leipzig. 

38. Drawing, Arts and Crafts 
School. Munich. 

39. Arts and Crafts School 
Building. Hamburg. 

40. Drawing. Arts and Crafts 
School. Berlin. 

41. Drawing, Arts and Crafts 
School, Berlin. 

42. Mastercourses. Cologne. 

43. Mastercourses. Tailors, Co- 
logne. 

4 4. Technical High School, 
Charlottenbur°\ 

4 5. Royal Academy. Leipzig. 



GROUP 1750. 



1. Continuation Trade School, 
Vienna. 

2. Continuation School Phys- 
ics. Vienna. 

3. Arts and Crafts School. 
Brussels. 

4. Ecole. Prin. Sup., Brus- 
sels. _ 

5. Ecole. Prin. Sup., Brus- 
sels. 

6. Tailoring Brussels. 

7 Carpenters. Brussels. 

8 Iron Workers, Brussels. 

9. Manual Tr. Ecole Boulle. 
Paris. 

10. Cooking. Paris. 

11. Making Artificial Flowers. 
Trade School. Paris. 



12. Arts and Crafts School, 
London. 

13. Drawing. Arts and Crafts 
School, London. 

14. City and Guilds Central 
Tech College. London . 

15. Shoreditch Tech. Institute, 
Girls making Clothing. London. 

16 Shoreditch, Tech. Institute. 
Girls Upholstering. London. 

17. Shoreditch Tech. Institute, 
Carpenters, London. 

is Physical Laboratory, Tech. 
Institute. " Copenhagen. 

19. Physics Elementary School, 
Copenhagen. 



10 



PHONOGRAPH DISC RECORDS. 



and Under the Double] 



1807. 

1808. 

1809. 
1810. 
1811. 



1812. 



1813. 



INSTRUMENTAL, MUSIC RECORDS. 
COLLECTIONS — 

1800. Battleship Connecticut March 
Eagle (J. F. Wagner) 777 

1801. Blue Danube Waltz (Johann Strauss) Vienna Quartet.... 

1802. By the Brook — Idyl (Wetzger) Flute. .Tohn Lemmone... 

1803. Csardas — Hungarian Folk Dance and Oxdansen — Swedish 
Folk Dance 

1804. Dance of the Hours — Victor Orch and Sweet Longings — 
Violin-Flute 777 

1805. Dance of the Song Birds (Richmond) Victor Orchestra. . . 

1806. Hear Me, Norma (Bellini) Oboe and Clarinet (Doucet- 
Christie) (2) Tarentelle (Saint-Saens) Flute-Clarinet 
Barone-Christie and Siegfried's Call (Wagner) French 
Horn (A. Horner) (2) Sweet Bird (From "II Pensieroso") 
(Handel) Oboe and Flute — Doucet-Barone 

Highland Fling — Scotch Folk Dance and Kamarinskaia — 

Russian Dance 

High School Cadets March (Sousa) and Semper Fidelis 

March (Sousa) , 

Humoresque (Dvorak) Violin. Mischa Elman 

Humoresque (Dvorak) Violin. Fritz Kreisler 

In a Clock Store — Descriptive Fantasia (Orth) Victor 

Orch 

Apprentice opens the store — ticking clocks — they strike, 
cuckoo, grandfather's clock. The boy blithely 
whistles — Several clocks run down and are wound. 
A musical clock plays a popular air. Four o'clock 
strikes on many clocks, from the miniature Dresden 
to the huge Scotch cathedral. 
/Instruments of the Orchestra — Part I, Strings. Vic- 
tor Orchestra. 
1. The Violin — Spring Song (Mendelssohn) — 2. The 
Viola — Traumerei I Schumann) — 3. The Violoncello 
— Flower Song < Lange) — 4. Contra Bass — Improvisa- 
tion — 5. Violin Pizzicato — Dream After the Ball 
(Brostet)— 6. String Quartet — Intermezzo (Mascagni 
— 7. The Harp — Harp That Once Through Tara's 

Halls 

and Instruments of the Orchestra — Part II, Wood- 
wind — Victor orchestra. — 1. The Piccolo — Yankee 
Doodle — 2. The Flute — William Tell Overture — 3. The 
Oboe — William Tell Overture — 4. The English Horn 
— Tannhauser — 5. The Clarinet — Zampa (Herold) — 6. 
The Bassoon — Deep in the Cellar — 7. The Woodwind 
Section — Lohengrin 
/ Instruments of the Orchestra — Part III, Brass. Victor ^ 
Orchestra. 
]. The French Horn — Titl's Serenade — 2. The Cornet 
— Red, White and Blue — 3. The Trombone — Rocked 
in the Cradle of the Deep — 4. The Tuba — Rocked 
in thj Cradle of Deep — 5. Brass Quartet — Day of 

the Lord 

and Instruments of the Orchestra — Part 1^ , Per- 
cussion Instruments and Entire Orchestra. Victor 
Orchestra. 

1 The Timpani (Kettledrums) — 2. The Small Drum 
3' Bells— Monastery Bells (Wely) — 4. The Entire 
Orchestra — Finale. William Tell Overture. 

NOTE — These orchestra illustration records are 
divided into sections for teaching purposes, and 
cannot be played continuously. 



135205 
131777 
170023 



|17003|10 



135087 
I 4648 



. |17174 

I 
,|17001 

I 

|35218| 

!74163 
• 174180 

31618 



35236 



135237 



12 



11 



1807. 
1814. 
1803. 
1815. 
1815. 
1808. 
1806. 



1816. 
1804. 



1817. 
1800. 
1818 



Kamarinskaia — Russian Folk Dance and Highland Fling- — | 

Scotch Folk Dance 777. |17001|10 

Molodka — Folksong (2) Sun in the Sky (Folk Dance) 

Balalaika Orch ' |70034|12 

Oxdansen — Swedish Folk Dance and Csardas — Hungarian 

Folk Dance 777 |I7003|1«1 

Reap the F'lax — Swedish Folk Dance and St. Patrick's I 

Day — Irish Jig 7777. |17002|10 

St. Patrick's Day — Irish Jig and Reap the Flax — Swed- 
ish Folk-Dance 777 |17002|10 

Semper Fidelis March (Sousa) and High School Cadets | 

March (Sousa) 777 |35208|12 

Siegfried's Call (Wagner) French Horn (2) Sweet Bird 
(From "II Pensieroso") (Handel) Oboe and Flute and 
(1) Hear Me, Norma (Bellini) Oboe and Clarinet (2) Tar- 
antelle (Saint-Saens) Flute and Clarinet |17174|10 

Spinning Wheel (Unaccompanied) Spindler |60026|10 

Sveet Longings (Menzel) Violin-Flute. Rattay and 

Lyons and 

Dance of the Hours — Gioconda (Ponchielli) Victor Or- |350S7|12 

chestra. 

Symphony in B Minor (Unfinished) 1st Movement. Prvor's 

Band |3179.s|l2 

Under the Double Eagle and Battleship Connecticut March 

(J. F. Wagner) 777 |35205|12 

William Tell — Overture — Part III — The Calm — Prvor's 

Band and Part IV — Finale — Pryor's Band j 3 51 21 1 1 2 



COLLECTIONS— 



1900. 



1902. 
1903. 



1904. 
1905. 



1906. 



1907. 



1909. 



VOCAL MUSIC RECORDS. 

Gialdini 
(Strauss) Whistling. 



Birds of the Forest Gavotte (Adolfo) Whistlinj 

and 

Spring Voices (Fruhlingsstimmen) 

Gialdini. 

Bridge, The (Carew) Hay den Quartet and 

Old Oaken Bucket (Woodworth) Peerless Quartet 

Clang of the Forge (Rodney) Emilio de Gogorza 

Dew Drop. A (Sherman-Gilchrist) (2) Rain Song 
(Smith) (From Modern Primer, Silver, Burdett & Co.) 
and (1) Mother Goose No. 1 (2) Hey diddle diddle (3) 
Little Bo-Peep (4) Twinkle, Twinkle (5) Little Jack Hor- 
ner (6) Ride a Cock Horse (Elliott) Elizabeth Wheeler. 

Estudiantina Waltz (P. Lacome) Lyric Quartet 

Good-Bye, Sweet Day (Vannah) Tn English. Janet 

Spencer 

Gypsy Life (Schumann) Lyric Quartet and Oh, Italia, 

Italia, Beloved (Donizetti) Victor Chorus 

Hark, Hark! the Lark (Schubert) Piano ace.) Evan 

Williams 

How Lovely are the Messengers (Mendelssohn) Lyric 
Quartet and Merry Life. A ("Funiculi, Funicula " ) 

(Denza) Lyric Quartet 

In China (2) In Scotland (3) In Germany (From "Art 
Song Cycles") (Fox-Miessner) Elsie Baker. 

and (1) The Scarecrow (2) The Acorn (Seeds that Fall) 
(3) The Burr (Seeds that Stick) ("Art Song Cycles" 
— Silver, Burdett & Co.) (Fox-Miessner) Baker. 
Just Before the Battle. Mother (Root) John Young and 
Tramp, Tramp, Tramp (The Prisoner's Hope) (Root) 
John Young. 



I I 

|16835|10 



16217(10 
64037 10 

|17004[10 

.| 5869|10 

I I 

,|64189|10 

! 
. |35254|12 

I I 

|64218|10 

I 

I 
[17208110 
I I 

I I 

I I 

|17199(10 

I I 

I I 

116987110 



12 



1911. Larg'o (From 'Xerxes") (Handel) -In French. Charles 
Gilibert |74155|12 

1908. Merry Life, A (-Funiculi, Funicula") (Denza) Lyric Quar- 1 
tet and How Lovely are the Messengers (Mendelssohn) | 
Lyric Quartet |17208|10 

1912. Messiah — Why Do the Nations (Handel) Herbert With- I I 
erspoon [74072(12 

1913. Moon Drops Low, The (From "American Indian Songs") 

(Cadman). Janet Spencer |64200|10 

Mother Goose No. 1 (Elliott) "Hey Diddle Diddle" "Lit- | 

tie Bo-Peep" — "Twinkle. Twinkle" — "Little Jack Hor- 
1903. ner" — "Ride a Cock Horse" and (1) Dew Drop (Gil- |17004|10 
Christ) (2) Rain Song (Smith). Wheeler. | 

1914. My Old Kentucky Home (Foster) and Old Folks at Home | | 
(Foster) Baker .- |16389|10 

1915. National Airs of All Nations. Victor Chorus |31855|12 

1916. Oh, For the Wings of a Dove. Lucy Isabelle Marsh |70083|12 

1906. Oh, Italia, Italia, Beloved (Donizetti) Victor Chorus 

and Gypsy Life (Schumann) Lyric Quartet |35254|12 

1914. Old Folks at Home — Baker and My Old Kentucky Home 

i Poster) Macdonough 77T _ !16389|10 

1901. Old Oaken Bucket (Woodworth) and The Bridge (Carew) [ | 

Hayden Quartet 777 |16217|10 

1917. Santa Lucia (Neapolitan) Miller and Watch on the Rhine | 

— Werronrath |16S82|10 

The Scarecrow (2) The Acorn (Seeds that Fall (3) The I I 

Burr (Seeds That Stick) (From "Art Song Cycles," | 

1909. published by Silver, Burdett & Co.) (Fox-Miessner) 17199110 
Elsie Baker 

and (1) In China (2) in Scotland (3) In Germany Elsie | 

Biker. | | 

1918. Songs My Mother Taught Me (Als die alte Mutter) In I 
English (Dvorak). Lucy Marsh |60078|10 

1919. Spinning Wheel Quartet In English. Victor Opera | 

Quartet 170052 12 

Spring Voices (Fruhlingsstimmen) (Whistling) Gialdini ( | 

1900. and Birds of the Forest Gavotte (Waldvoglein) (Adolfo) |16835|10 
Gialdini. I | 

1920. Stabat Mater — Inflammatus (To Thy Holy Care) Lucy 
Isabelle Marsh with Victor Chorus |70037|12 

1910. Tramp, Tramp, Tramp CRoot). John Young and |16987|10 
Just Before the Battle. Mother (Root John Young | | 

1917. Watch on the Rhine <Die Wacht am Rhein) In English 

Werrenrath and Santa Lucia — Neapolitan Folk Song — | 

Reed Miller 77. [16882110 

1921. Whispering Hope (Hawthorne) Alma Gluck and Louise [ 
Homer |S7107!10 



LITERATURE RECORDS. 



COLLECTIONS— 

2000. Abou Ben Adhem (Leigh Hunt) (2) Annabel Lee (Poe) 
Frank Burbeck and (1) The Last Leaf ( Holmes) (2) 
L'Envoi (KiplingT"Frank Burbeck |169S9|10 

2000. Last Leaf. The (Holmes) (2) L'Envoi (Kipling) Bur- [ I 
beck and |l6989|10 
Abou Ben Adhem (Leigh-Hunt) (2) Annabel Lee (Poe). I 
Burbeck. f 

2001. Out to Old Aunt Mary's. James Whitcomb Riley |70078|12 



